JP7488887B2 - 導電性高分子組成物、基板、及び基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
導電性高分子組成物、基板、及び基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明の導電性高分子組成物は、(A)成分としてπ共役系ポリマーを含む。この(A)成分は、π共役系連鎖(単結合と二重結合が交互に連続した構造)を形成する前駆体モノマー(有機モノマー分子)が重合したものであればよい。
本発明の導電性高分子組成物は、(B)成分としてドーパントポリマーを含む。この(B)成分のドーパントポリマーは、下記一般式(2)で示される、繰り返し単位aとbを含む強酸性ポリアニオンである。繰り返し単位aを形成するモノマーは下記一般式(1)で示される。
本発明の導電性高分子組成物に含まれる複合体は、上述の(A)成分であるπ共役系ポリマーと(B)成分であるドーパントポリマーを含むものであり、(B)成分のドーパントポリマーは、(A)成分のπ共役系ポリマーに配位することで複合体を形成する。
(A)成分と(B)成分からなる複合体は、例えば、(B)成分の水溶液又は(B)成分の水・有機溶媒混合溶液中に、(A)成分の原料となるモノマー(好ましくは、ピロール、チオフェン、アニリン、又はこれらの誘導体モノマー)を加え、酸化剤及び場合により酸化触媒を添加し、酸化重合を行うことで得ることができる。
細粒化には、高い剪断力を付与できる混合分散機を用いることが好ましい。混合分散機としては、例えば、ホモジナイザ、高圧ホモジナイザ、ビーズミル等が挙げられ、中でも高圧ホモジナイザが好ましい。
高圧ホモジナイザを用いた分散処理としては、例えば、分散処理を施す前の複合体溶液を高圧で対向衝突させる処理、オリフィスやスリットに高圧で通す処理等が挙げられる。
本発明では、基板等の被加工体へ印刷適用性を向上させるため、水溶性の有機溶剤を添加する。このような有機溶剤としては、H2O可溶性をもちかつ常圧における沸点が250℃以下の有機溶剤が挙げられる。
本発明の組成物は(A)成分と(B)成分の複合体を(D)成分であるH2Oに分散させたものであり、水溶性の有機溶剤(C)を含むものである。(D)成分としては例えば超純水を用いることができる。
上記(A)および(B)からなる複合体のH2O分散液に有機溶剤(C)を混合した組成物に、さらに下記一般式(3)で表される化合物(E)を加えることができる。
(界面活性剤)
本発明では、基板等の被加工体への濡れ性をさらに上げるため、界面活性剤を添加してもよい。このような界面活性剤としては、ノニオン系、カチオン系、アニオン系の各種界面活性剤が挙げられる。具体的には例えば、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンカルボン酸エステル、ソルビタンエステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンエステル等のノニオン系界面活性剤、アルキルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド、アルキルベンジルアンモニウムクロライド等のカチオン系界面活性剤、アルキル又はアルキルアリル硫酸塩、アルキル又はアルキルアリルスルホン酸塩、ジアルキルスルホコハク酸塩等のアニオン系界面活性剤、アミノ酸型、ベタイン型等の両性イオン型界面活性剤等を挙げることができる。
本発明では、有機EL素子を有する基板であって、前記の導電性高分子組成物によって前記有機EL素子中の正孔注入層が形成されたものである基板を提供する。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”1の1.20gとモノマーb”1の3.75gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=21,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.90
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー1)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”1の0.6gとモノマーb”1の5.00gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=20,500
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.94
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー2)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”2の1.20gとモノマーb”1の3.75gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=20,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.88
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー3)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”1の1.51gとモノマーb”2の2.55gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=22,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.93
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー4)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”1の0.60gとモノマーb”2の4.07gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=19,500
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.99
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー5)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”6の1.08gとモノマーb”1の3.75gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=21,500
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=2.07
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー6)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”7の0.87gとモノマーb”1の5.00gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=19,500
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=2.00
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー7)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”8の1.00gとモノマーb”1の5.00gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=20,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=1.85
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー8)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”1の0.90gとモノマーb”5の4.60gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてアンモニウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=26,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=2.04
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー9)とする。
窒素雰囲気下、64℃で撹拌したメタノール10gに、モノマーa”1の0.90gとモノマーb”6の2.35gと2,2’-アゾビス(イソ酪酸)ジメチル0.12gをメタノール3gに溶かした溶液を4時間かけて滴下した。さらに64℃で4時間撹拌した。室温まで冷却した後、10gの酢酸エチルに激しく撹拌しながら滴下した。生じた固形物を濾過して取り、50℃で15時間真空乾燥して、白色重合体を得た。
得られた白色重合体を純水100gに溶解し、イオン交換樹脂を用いてナトリウム塩をスルホ基に変換した。得られた重合体を19F,1H-NMR及びGPC測定したところ、以下の分析結果となった。
重量平均分子量(Mw)=31,000
分子量分布(Mw/Mn)=2.11
この高分子化合物を(ポリマー10)とする。
(調製例1)
2.27gの3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンと、15.0gのドーパントポリマー1を1,000mLの超純水に溶かした溶液とを30℃で混合した。
これにより得られた混合溶液を30℃に保ち、撹拌しながら、100mLの超純水に溶かした4.99gの過硫酸ナトリウムと1.36gの硫酸第二鉄の酸化触媒溶液とをゆっくり添加し、4時間撹拌して反応させた。
得られた反応液に1,000mLの超純水を添加し、限外濾過法を用いて約1,000mL溶液を除去した。この操作を3回繰り返した。
そして、上記濾過処理が行われた処理液に200mLの10質量%に希釈した硫酸と2,000mLのイオン交換水を加え、限外濾過法を用いて約2,000mLの処理液を除去し、これに2,000mLのイオン交換水を加え、限外濾過法を用いて約2,000mLの液を除去した。この操作を3回繰り返した。
さらに、得られた処理液に2,000mLのイオン交換水を加え、限外濾過法を用いて約2,000mLの処理液を除去した。この操作を5回繰り返し、濃縮により2.5質量%の青色の導電性高分子複合体分散液1を得た。
限外濾過膜の分画分子量:30K
クロスフロー式
供給液流量:3,000mL/分
膜分圧:0.12Pa
なお、他の調製例でも同様の条件で限外濾過を行った。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー2に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.09g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を4.59g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.25gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液2を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー3に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.27g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を4.99g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.36gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液3を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー4に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.79g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を6.13g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.67gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液4を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー5に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.64g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を5.82g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.59gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液5を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー6に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.34g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を5.14g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.40gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液6を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー7に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を1.97g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を4.32g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.17gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液7を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー8に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を1.91g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を4.20g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.12gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液8を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー9に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.06g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を4.54g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.24gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液9を得た。
15.0gのドーパントポリマー1をドーパントポリマー10に変更し、3,4-エチレンジオキシチオフェンの配合量を2.97g、過硫酸ナトリウムの配合量を6.53g、硫酸第二鉄の配合量を1.78gに変更する以外は調製例1と同様の方法で調製を行い、導電性高分子複合体分散液10を得た。
(実施例)
調製例1~10で得た2.5質量%の導電性高分子複合体分散液に、有機溶剤(C1)としてPGMEA(プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート)を10wt%、有機溶剤(C2)としてEtOHを5wt%混合したものをそれぞれ実施例1~10とした。
調製例1~10で得た2.5質量%の導電性高分子複合体分散液をそれぞれ比較例1~10とした。
上記の実施例および比較例の導電性高分子複合体の組成物の調製において、孔径3.0~0.20μmの再生セルロースフィルターを用いて濾過を行った際に、濾過通液できたフィルター限界孔径を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
デュヌイ式表面張力試験機D型(伊藤製作所製)を用い、組成物の表面張力を測定した。その結果を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
導電性高分子組成物の液温度が25℃になるように調節した。音叉型振動式粘度計 SV-10(エー・アンド・デイ社製)の付属専用測定セルに35mLを計りとり、調製直後の粘度を測定した。その結果を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
導電性高分子組成物のpHは、pHメーターD-52(堀場製作所製)を用いて測定した。その結果を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
入射角度可変の分光エリプソメーター(VASE)によって測定された波長636nmにおける屈折率(n,k)より、FT=200nmにおける波長550nmの光線に対する透過率を算出した。その結果を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
直径4インチ(100mm)のSiO2ウエハー上に、導電性ポリマー組成物1.0mLを滴下後、10秒後にスピンナーを用いて全体に回転塗布した。回転塗布条件は膜厚が100±5nmとなるよう調節した。精密高温機にて120℃、30分間ベークを行い、溶媒を除去することにより導電膜を得た。
得られた導電膜の導電率(S/cm)は、Hiresta-UP MCP-HT450、Loresta-GP MCP-T610(いずれも三菱化学社製)を用いて測定した表面抵抗率(Ω/□)と膜厚の実測値から求めた。その結果を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
35mm角の無アルカリガラス基板をUV/O3洗浄で10分間表面洗浄し、前記導電性高分子組成物をスプレーコーターNVD203(Fujimori Technical Laboratory製)で塗布成膜した。塗布膜は膜表面を光学顕微鏡および干渉顕微鏡で観察し、連続膜の形成の有無を評価した。結果を表1-1から表1-9に示す。
表2-1から表2-9にこれら結果を示す。
Claims (14)
- π共役系ポリマー(A)、および下記一般式(2)で表されるポリマー(B)との複合体をH2O(D)に分散させたものであり、かつ水溶性の有機溶剤(C)を含むものであり、かつ、
表面張力が20~50mN/mの範囲のものであり、かつ、
前記(C)成分は、沸点120℃以上の有機溶剤(C1)、及び沸点120℃未満の有機溶剤(C2)であり、前記(A)成分、(B)成分、(D)成分の合計に対して1.0wt%≦(C1)+(C2)≦50.0wt%であることを特徴とする導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記(C1)成分および(C2)成分は炭素数が1~7のアルコール、エーテル、エステル、ケトン、ニトリル類から選ばれるいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記(B)成分中の繰り返し単位aが、下記一般式(4-1)~(4-4)で示される繰り返し単位a1~a4から選ばれる1種以上を含むものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記(B)成分の重量平均分子量が1,000~500,000の範囲であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記(A)成分は、ピロール、チオフェン、セレノフェン、テルロフェン、アニリン、多環式芳香族化合物、及びこれらの誘導体からなる群から選択される1種以上の前駆体モノマーが重合したものであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 下記一般式(3)で表される化合物(E)を含むものであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記(E)成分の含有量が、前記(A)成分と(B)成分との複合体100質量部に対して1質量部から50質量部であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 更に、ノ二オン系界面活性剤を含むものであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項9のいずれか一項に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 前記ノニオン系界面活性剤の含有量が、前記(A)成分と前記(B)成分との複合体100質量部に対して、1質量部から15質量部であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 有機EL素子の正孔注入層の形成に用いられるものであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の導電性高分子組成物。
- 有機EL素子を有する基板であって、請求項1から請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の導電性高分子組成物によって前記有機EL素子中の正孔注入層が形成されたものであることを特徴とする基板。
- 前記導電性高分子組成物をスプレーコーターまたはインクジェット印刷により塗布する工程を有することを特徴とする請求項13に記載の基板の製造方法。
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JP2016188350A (ja) | 2014-05-20 | 2016-11-04 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 導電性ポリマー複合体及び基板 |
JP2016069636A (ja) | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 導電性高分子組成物、被覆品、パターン形成方法、及び基板。 |
JP2017061631A (ja) | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 導電性高分子組成物、被覆品、及びパターン形成方法 |
JP2019099766A (ja) | 2017-12-07 | 2019-06-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 導電性高分子組成物、被覆品、及びパターン形成方法 |
JP2020128472A (ja) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-27 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 導電性ポリマー複合体及び導電性ポリマー組成物 |
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KR20220164714A (ko) | 2022-12-13 |
CN115397916A (zh) | 2022-11-25 |
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WO2021205873A1 (ja) | 2021-10-14 |
JP2024050695A (ja) | 2024-04-10 |
TW202146593A (zh) | 2021-12-16 |
US20230159766A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
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