JP7475768B2 - 負極及び前記負極を含む二次電池 - Google Patents
負極及び前記負極を含む二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7475768B2 JP7475768B2 JP2022557959A JP2022557959A JP7475768B2 JP 7475768 B2 JP7475768 B2 JP 7475768B2 JP 2022557959 A JP2022557959 A JP 2022557959A JP 2022557959 A JP2022557959 A JP 2022557959A JP 7475768 B2 JP7475768 B2 JP 7475768B2
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- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- active material
- electrode active
- artificial graphite
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 198
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 112
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 19
- -1 polyphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011305 binder pitch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical class C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011883 electrode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
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- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinon Chemical compound CN1CCN(C)C1=O CYSGHNMQYZDMIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical class COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1OC(=O)OC1F DSMUTQTWFHVVGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-1,3-dioxetan-2-one Chemical compound C=C1OC(=O)O1 BUPLCMMXKFWTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical group COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013716 LiNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013880 LiPF4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZHGDJTMNXSOQDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O Chemical compound NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O.NP(N)(N)=O ZHGDJTMNXSOQDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical class C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu]=O.[Li] Chemical compound [Cu]=O.[Li] QDDVNKWVBSLTMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical class Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.C=C.OC(O)=O MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003064 carboxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004862 dioxolanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLBBMBKUUHYSMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N furan-2,3,4,5-tetrol Chemical compound OC=1OC(O)=C(O)C=1O BLBBMBKUUHYSMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002391 graphite-based active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002461 imidazolidines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium iron(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Fe+2].[Li+] CASZBAVUIZZLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)nickel Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Ni]=O VROAXDSNYPAOBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxonickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni]=O URIIGZKXFBNRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitromethane Chemical compound C[N+]([O-])=O LYGJENNIWJXYER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001008 quinone-imine dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Description
本出願は、2020年7月7日付韓国特許出願第10-2020-0083507号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、当該韓国特許出願の文献に開示された全ての内容は本明細書の一部として含まれる。
本発明の一実施形態による負極は、集電体及び前記集電体上に形成された負極活物質層を含み、前記負極活物質層は負極活物質を含み、前記負極活物質は第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を4:6から6:4の重量比で含み、前記第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子は平均粒径(D50)が5μmから7μmの単一粒子であり、前記第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子は平均粒径(D50)が20μmから25μmで、複数の1次粒子が凝集された2次粒子である。
本発明の他の実施形態による二次電池は、負極を含んでよく、前記負極は前述した実施例の負極と同一である。
実施例1:負極の製造
平均粒径(D50)が6μmの単一粒子である第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。複数の1次粒子(平均粒径(D50):8μm)が凝集された2次粒子(平均粒径(D50):22.5μm)からなる第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
実施例1の第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を4:6の重量比で混合したものを負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
実施例1の第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を6:4の重量比で混合したものを負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
平均粒径(D50)が5μmの単一粒子である第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
平均粒径(D50)が7μmの単一粒子である第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
複数の1次粒子(平均粒径(D50):6μm)が凝集された2次粒子(平均粒径(D50):20μm)からなる未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
複数の1次粒子(平均粒径(D50):6μm)が凝集された2次粒子(平均粒径(D50):25μm)からなる未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
平均粒径(D50)が4μmの単一粒子である第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
平均粒径(D50)が8μmの単一粒子である第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
複数の1次粒子(平均粒径(D50):8μm)が凝集された2次粒子(平均粒径(D50):19μm)からなる未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
複数の1次粒子(平均粒径(D50):8μm)が凝集された2次粒子(平均粒径(D50):26μm)からなる未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
実施例1の第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を3:7の重量比で混合したものを負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
実施例1の第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を7:3の重量比で混合したものを負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
平均粒径(D50)が9μmの単一粒子である第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を準備した。
実施例1の第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子90重量部とピッチ10重量部を混合し、1,200℃で10時間熱処理してソフトカーボンが被覆された人造黒鉛粒子(平均粒径(D50):6.5μm)を製造した。
実施例1の第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子のみを負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
実施例1の第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子90重量部とピッチ10重量部を混合し、1,200℃で10時間熱処理してソフトカーボンが被覆された人造黒鉛粒子(平均粒径(D50):23μm)を製造した。
実施例1の第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子のみを負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
天然黒鉛(ポスコケミカル社、PAS-C3B)を負極活物質として使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で負極を製造した。
実施例1から7及び比較例1から12の負極を用いて下記のように電池を製造した。
実験例1:電池のエネルギー密度評価
PNE充放電器(PNEソリューション社)を用いて、実施例1から7及び比較例1から12の負極の体積当たりのエネルギー密度を測定した。その結果を下記表2に示した。
前記製造された電池に対して、SOC0%からSOC100%まで充電範囲を定めた後、1サイクル目は0.1Cの電流速度で、2サイクル目は0.2Cの電流速度で、3サイクル目から100サイクル目まで0.5Cでそれぞれ充放電させた後、下記式1のように電池の充電性能を計算した。その結果を下記表2に示した。
充電性能(%)=[100サイクル後の充電容量/初期充電容量]×100
実施例1から7及び比較例1から12の負極を作動電極(working electrode)及び対極(counter electrode)として同一に使用し、作動電極と対極との間にポリエチレン分離膜を介在して電極組立体を製造した。前記電極組立体にエチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチレンカーボネート(EMC)が1:4の体積比で混合された溶媒に1MのLiPF6を溶解した電解液を注入して対称セルを製造した。
Claims (10)
- 集電体及び前記集電体上に形成された負極活物質層を含み、
前記負極活物質層は負極活物質を含み、
前記負極活物質は、第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子を4:6から6:4の重量比で含み、
前記第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子は、平均粒径(D50)が5μmから7μmの単一粒子であり、
前記第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子は、平均粒径(D50)が20μmから25μmで、複数の1次粒子が凝集された2次粒子であり、
前記第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子と前記第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子の平均粒径(D 50 )の比は1:3から1:5である負極。 - 前記負極活物質は、前記第1未被覆人造黒鉛粒子及び前記第2未被覆人造黒鉛粒子からなるものである、請求項1に記載の負極。
- 前記2次粒子は、平均粒径(D50)が7μmから9μmである複数の1次粒子が凝集されたものである、請求項1または2に記載の負極。
- 前記負極活物質のタップ密度は、1.00g/ccから1.20g/ccである、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の負極。
- 前記負極活物質のBET比表面積は、1.0m2/gから2.5m2/gである、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の負極。
- 前記負極活物質は、前記負極活物質層内に90重量%から99重量%で含まれるものである、請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の負極。
- 前記負極活物質層は、導電材をさらに含み、
前記導電材は、前記負極活物質層内に0.1重量%から1.0重量%で含まれるものである、請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の負極。 - 前記導電材は、カーボンブラック及び炭素ナノチューブのうちから選択された少なくとも1種を含む、請求項7に記載の負極。
- 気孔抵抗が9Ohm以下である、請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の負極。
- 請求項1から9のいずれか一項に記載の負極と、
正極と、
前記負極と前記正極との間に介在した分離膜と、
電解質と、を含む二次電池。
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