JP7468958B2 - 腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチン及びそれと免疫細胞の併用による腫瘍治療薬物 - Google Patents
腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチン及びそれと免疫細胞の併用による腫瘍治療薬物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願において、用語「改変された」は、一般に人工的手段によって天然に存在する生物体/分子の構造及び/又は特性に変化を加えること指す。変化の方式は、例えば、前記分子に対する改変、変異、合成及び/又は外因性分子の挿入などであってもよい。「改変された」ものは、天然に存在するものと違う。例えば、もし細胞又は生物体は操作によりその遺伝情報が変化していれば(例えば、形質転換、マッチング、体細胞交雑、トランスフェクション、形質導入又は他のメカニズムなどにより、以前には存在しなかった新しい遺伝物質を導入し、又は、例えば、置換又は欠失変異により、以前に存在した遺伝物質を変化させ又は除去する)、「改変された」ものと見なされる。例えば、改変された腫瘍溶解性ウイルスは、腫瘍溶解性ウイルスのタンパク質をコードする遺伝子を変異させたものであってもよいし、腫瘍溶解性ウイルスの遺伝子に外来遺伝子を挿入したものであってもよいし、腫瘍溶解性ウイルスのタンパク質のアミノ酸を変異させたものであってもよい。
1.基質タンパク質Mに改変が行われており、改変後の基質タンパク質Mの遺伝子配列は配列番号3に示されるとおりであることを特徴とする腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株。
前記免疫細胞がT細胞であるときは、前記T細胞は、TCR-T細胞、CAR-T細胞、γ/δ-T細胞のいずれかであり、前記T細胞がTCR-T細胞であるときは、前記TCR-T細胞は、レンチウイルス又はmRNA技術によってトランスフェクトされたTCR-T細胞、又は血液の中から分離されたTCR-T細胞であり、前記免疫細胞がNK細胞であるときは、前記NK細胞は、CAR-NKのいずれかであり、前記免疫細胞がマクロファージであるときは、前記マクロファージは、CAR-M細胞のいずれかであることを特徴とする実施形態9に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチンによって製造された抗腫瘍薬物又はがん治療薬。
(実施例1)
1.表1の方式の通りに、前記水疱性口内炎ウイルス・インディアナ株に部位特異的変異導入を行って、7群の変異後の弱毒化株を得た。遺伝子変異のない群は、番号がJBS000であり、対照とした。
[表1]
表1:各群の変異状況の表示
(1)プラスミドの構築であった。pVSV-XN2プラスミドを鋳型として、PCR法を利用して表1に記載の異なる変異部位を導入した。プラスミドを各変異部位のプライマーと一緒にPCRし、さらにPCR産物に対して1%アガロースゲル電気泳動を行い、続いてゲル回収キットにおいてゲルを切り出して回収して、M基質タンパク質の異なる変異を有するプラスミドを得た。
(1)6ウェル培養プレートの各ウェルに3mLの細胞懸濁液を加えて、細胞量を4×105個/ウェルとし、合計で6つのウェルであり、37℃×5%CO2の条件で16時間培養した。
(1)96ウェル培養プレートの各ウェルに100μLの細胞懸濁液を加えて、細胞量を1×104個/ウェルとし、37℃×5%CO2の条件で16時間培養した。試験細胞のタイプは、LLC、MEF、Hela(ヒト腫瘍細胞)であった。
1.実施例1において製造した各弱毒化株及び野生型ウイルスを元に、NY-ESO-1遺伝子を挿入して、腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチンを構築し、構築模式図は、図5に示されるとおりである。各群の断片挿入状況は、表2に示されるとおりである。
[表2]
表2:各群の断片挿入状況の表示
1.薬物動態実験であった。C57BL/6マウスを選択して、2×105個のLLC細胞を皮下接種し、接種9日目の頃に、移植腫瘍の体積が100mm3程度に増えたら、LLC移植腫瘍モデルを確立した。JBS004を108pfu/匹単回腫瘍内注射して、それぞれ、0分(+15分)、6時間、12時間、48時間、96時間、120時間及び14日目に腫瘍組織のサンプルを採取し(3回繰り返した)、自動グラインダーで組織を破砕して、Trizolで腫瘍組織からトータルRNAを抽出し、最終に定量的PCR(蛍光プローブ法)を利用してウイルスの核酸コピー数を分析した。結果を図19、図20に示す。結果は、感染6時間で腫瘍内のウイルス量がピーク値に達しており、初期と比べて、約500倍複製しており、感染48時間後に、ウイルス量が初期注射量を下回るようになり、14日後に、ウイルスの核酸コピー数が検出できなかったことを示していた。したがって、JBS004は迅速かつ効率的に腫瘍内で複製することができ、14日後に、JBS004が検出されなかったのは、それが体内に長時間蓄積して、後に損傷をきたす恐れがなく、安全性が良好であることを証明した。
JBS-NY TCR-Tは、NY-ESO-1受容体組換えレンチウイルスでTリンパ球をトランスフェクトして得られたT細胞であり、具体的な構築方法は本分野の通常の技術であり、概要は次のとおりである。
(1)公開されているNY-ESO-1の受容体遺伝子配列に基づいてNY-ESO-1受容体遺伝子を人工的に合成した。
6~8週齢で、体重が18~20gのNCG-HLA-A2.1/Gptヒト化マウスを選択して、それぞれ、2×105個の非小細胞肺がんA549細胞を皮下接種し、同一の適切な条件で培養し移植腫瘍の体積が100mm3程度になった時、処理を始めた。各群の処理条件は表3に示されるとおりであった。表3で、JBS NY TCR-T細胞の接種量は106個で、単回静脈内注射の方式で実行した。JBS-NY TCR-T細胞と腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチンを併用する場合に、JBS-NY TCR-T細胞の静脈内注射24時間後に対応する腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチンを腫瘍内注射した。腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチンを2日に1回注射し、合計で3回の投与とし、1回接種量はいずれも108pfu/匹であった。
[表3]
表3:各群の処理の表示
Claims (10)
- アミノ酸配列が配列番号2に示されるVSV MuddSummerサブタイプ株の基質タンパク質Mが改変された腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株であって、前記改変は、51位のメチオニンのアルギニンへの変異、111位のロイシンをコードする塩基のノックアウト、221位のバリンのフェニルアラニンへの変異及び226位のセリンのアルギニンへの変異であることを特徴とする腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株。
- 前記腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株の基質タンパク質Mのアミノ酸配列は、配列番号4に示される、請求項1に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株。
- 薬物又はワクチンの製造における請求項1又は2に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株の使用。
- 請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルス弱毒化株に抗原を挿入して製造されたことを特徴とする腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチン。
- 前記抗原は、特異的腫瘍抗原であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチン。
- 前記抗原は、NY-ESO-1、gp33、gp100、TX103、ムチン1(Mucin-1)、WT-1、MART-1、MAGE A1、MAGE A3、MAGE A4、MAGE B2、PRAME、サバイビン(SURVIVIN)、MART-1、col6A3、チロシナーゼ(tyrosinase)、T抗原(T antigen)、SLC45A2、VCX/Y、HPV、α-フェトプロテイン、がん胎児性抗原、CA 125、Her2、ドーパクロムトートメラーゼ、BAGEタンパク質、GAGEタンパク質、サバイビン、チロシナーゼ、SSX2、サイクリンA1、KIF20A、MUC5AC、Meloe、レングシン(Lengsin)、カリクレイン4、IGF2B3、グリピカン3のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチン。
- 請求項4~6のいずれか1項に記載の腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチンによって製造された抗腫瘍薬物又はがん治療薬。
- 前記薬物は、前記腫瘍溶解性ウイルスワクチン及び免疫細胞を同時に含むことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の抗腫瘍薬物又はがん治療薬。
- 前記免疫細胞は、T細胞、NK細胞、マクロファージ、DC細胞、TIL細胞のいずれかであり、前記免疫細胞がT細胞であるときは、前記T細胞は、TCR-T細胞、CAR-T細胞、γ/δ-T、遺伝子操作T細胞のいずれかであり、前記T細胞がTCR-T細胞であるときは、前記TCR-T細胞は、レンチウイルス又はmRNA技術によってトランスフェクトされたTCR-T細胞、又は血液の中から分離されたTCR-T細胞、又は任意の技術で得たTCR-T細胞であり、前記免疫細胞がNK細胞であるときは、前記NK細胞は、NK細胞又はCAR-NKのいずれかであり、前記免疫細胞がマクロファージであるときは、前記マクロファージは、マクロファージ又はCAR-M細胞のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の抗腫瘍薬物又はがん治療薬。
- 前記腫瘍又はがんは、頭頸部がん、黒色腫、軟部肉腫、乳がん、食道がん、肺がん、卵巣がん、膀胱がん、肝がん、子宮頸がん、神経芽細胞腫、滑膜肉腫、円形細胞型脂肪肉腫のいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項7~9のいずれか1項に記載の抗腫瘍薬物又はがん治療薬。
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