JP7429720B2 - 燃料電池アセンブリの動作方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池アセンブリの動作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7429720B2 JP7429720B2 JP2022007896A JP2022007896A JP7429720B2 JP 7429720 B2 JP7429720 B2 JP 7429720B2 JP 2022007896 A JP2022007896 A JP 2022007896A JP 2022007896 A JP2022007896 A JP 2022007896A JP 7429720 B2 JP7429720 B2 JP 7429720B2
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 408
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 366
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 4
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- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000037351 starvation Effects 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
i)燃料電池アセンブリ内の、一酸化炭素などの混入物の測定量、または
ii)複数の燃料電池内の任意の1つ(または2つ以上)の燃料電池の電圧の測定量、または
iii)冷却剤を有する個別の燃料電池(または2つ以上の燃料電池)のフラッディングの測定量、または
iv)温度もしくは湿度などの、前記燃料電池アセンブリに近接する環境条件の測定量、を含む。
i)燃料電池アセンブリ内の、一酸化炭素などの混入物の測定量、または
ii)複数の燃料電池内の任意の1つ(または2つ以上)の燃料電池の電圧の測定量、または
iii)冷却剤を有する個別の燃料電池(または2つ以上の燃料電池)のフラッディングの測定量、または
iv)温度もしくは湿度などの、前記燃料電池アセンブリに近接する環境条件の測定量、を含む。
上述したように、これは、例えば、カソード制限電流(すなわち、利用可能な酸化剤によって制限される)がアノード制限電流(すなわち、利用可能な燃料によって制限される)よりも大幅に低い値に減少するように酸化剤濃度を減少させることによって、酸化剤供給またはカソード動作条件の流体操作により達成され得る。選択的電気的接続を係合させて「酸化剤枯渇状態」を誘発すると、カソード電気化学電位は、アノード電気化学電位に向かって減少するように誘導することができる。
Claims (5)
- 負荷に電力を一括して提供するために一緒に接続された複数の燃料電池を含む燃料電池アセンブリを動作させる方法であって、前記燃料電池アセンブリには複数の燃料電池グループが設けられ、前記複数の燃料電池グループの各々は前記燃料電池アセンブリにおいて直列接続されている複数の燃料電池を有し、
前記方法は、
電気接続を選択的に形成する複数のコンディショニングスイッチであって、当該複数のコンディショニングスイッチの各々は前記複数の燃料電池グループの各々に関連付けられ、関連する燃料電池グループの内の最初の位置に配置される最初の燃料電池のアノードと当該関連する燃料電池グループの内の最後の位置に配置される最後の燃料電池のカソードとの間に電気接続を選択的に形成するように構成される、前記複数のコンディショニングスイッチを制御して、前記燃料電池アセンブリの第1のモードの動作において、前記負荷とは独立して前記関連する燃料電池を横切る電圧を制御するステップと、
前記燃料電池アセンブリの第2のモードの動作において、前記複数のコンディショニングスイッチを非活性化するステップとを有することを特徴とする、燃料電池アセンブリ動作方法。 - 前記第1のモードの動作は、スタートアップまたは遮断のうちの1つである請求項1記載の燃料電池アセンブリ動作方法。
- 前記それぞれのコンディショニングスイッチは、1つ以上の半導体デバイスを有する請求項1に記載の燃料電池アセンブリ動作方法。
- 前記複数の燃料電池は、燃料電池スタック内に一緒に配置され、マニホールドが前記燃料電池スタック内の前記複数の燃料電池のうちの1つ以上に反応物を搬送し、または、そこから排気流を受け取り、前記燃料電池アセンブリは、前記複数のコンディショニングスイッチを具備する基板を含む請求項1に記載の燃料電池アセンブリ動作方法。
- 前記第1のモードの動作において、燃料電池の反応物圧力の測定値が閾値に到達していないことに応じて前記コンディショニングスイッチを選択的に起動して電気接続を形成する請求項1に記載の燃料電池アセンブリ動作方法。
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