JP7404333B2 - 冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機油及び冷凍機用作動流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
アルキルベンゼン(X):炭素数1~19のアルキル基を1~4個有し、かつそのアルキル基の合計炭素数が9~19であるアルキルベンゼン(好ましくは、炭素数1~15のアルキル基を1~4個有し、かつアルキル基の合計炭素数が9~15であるアルキルベンゼン)
アルキルベンゼン(Y):炭素数1~40のアルキル基を1~4個有し、かつそのアルキル基の合計炭素数が20~40であるアルキルベンゼン(好ましくは、炭素数1~30のアルキル基を1~4個有し、かつアルキル基の合計炭素数が20~30であるアルキルベンゼン)
(C1)多価アルコールと多塩基酸とのモル比を調整して、多塩基酸のカルボキシル基の一部がエステル化されずに残存するエステル中間体を合成し、次いでその残存するカルボキシル基を一価アルコールでエステル化する方法
(C2)多価アルコールと多塩基酸とのモル比を調整して、多価アルコールの水酸基の一部がエステル化されずに残存するエステル中間体を合成し、次いでその残存する水酸基を一価脂肪酸でエステル化する方法
(P1)一方の末端が式(4)又は(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が式(6)又は(7)で表される構造を有し、式(1)におけるR50、R51及びR52がいずれも水素原子、mが0~4の整数、R53が炭素数2~4の2価の炭化水素基、R54が炭素数1~20の炭化水素基であるポリビニルエーテル。
(P2)式(1)で表される構造単位のみを有するものであって、一方の末端が式(4)で表され、かつ他方の末端が式(6)で表される構造を有し、式(1)におけるR50、R51及びR52がいずれも水素原子、mが0~4の整数、R53が炭素数2~4の2価の炭化水素基、R54が炭素数1~20の炭化水素基であるポリビニルエーテル。
(P3)一方の末端が式(4)又は(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が式(8)で表される構造を有し、式(1)におけるR50、R51及びR52がいずれも水素原子、mが0~4の整数、R53が炭素数2~4の2価の炭化水素基、R54が炭素数1~20の炭化水素基であるポリビニルエーテル。
(P4)式(1)で表される構造単位のみを有するものであって、一方の末端が式(5)で表され、かつ他方の末端が式(8)で表される構造を有し、式(1)におけるR50、R51及びR52がいずれも水素原子、mが0~4の整数、R53が炭素数2~4の二価の炭化水素基、R54が炭素数1~20の炭化水素基であるポリビニルエーテル。
(P5)上記(P1),(P2),(P3)及び(P4)のいずれかであって、式(1)におけるR54が炭素数1~3の炭化水素基である構造単位と該R54が炭素数3~20の炭化水素基である構造単位とを有するポリビニルエーテル。
Rα-[(ORβ)f-ORγ]g (9)
式(9)中、Rαは水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、炭素数2~10のアシル基又は2~8個の水酸基を有する化合物の残基を表し、Rβは炭素数2~4のアルキレン基を表し、Rγは水素原子、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は炭素数2~10のアシル基を表し、fは1~80の整数を表し、gは1~8の整数を表す。
以下に示す基油、ジチオリン酸エステル、及び酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩と、その他の添加剤(トリフェニルホスホロチオネート(チオリン酸トリエステル)、酸捕捉剤及び酸化防止剤を含む)1.7質量%とを混合して、冷凍機油を調製した。ジチオリン酸エステル及び酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩の種類及び含有量は表1に示すとおりであり、基油の含有量は、冷凍機油全量から基油以外の成分(添加剤)の含有量の合計を差し引いた残部である。なお、各成分の含有量は、冷凍機油全量を基準とした含有量(質量%)である。また、表1には、ジチオリン酸エステル及び酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩の合計含有量(A+B)に対するジチオリン酸エステルの含有量の質量比(A/(A+B))、並びに、冷凍機油中の硫黄分(質量%)を示した。
基油1:ペンタエリスリトールと、2-メチルプロパン酸/3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサン酸との混合脂肪酸(混合比(質量比):60/40)とのポリオールエステル(40℃動粘度:46mm2/s、100℃動粘度:6.3mm2/s)
基油2:ネオペンチルグリコール(1モル)及び1,4-ブタンジオール(0.2モル)にアジピン酸(1.5モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、3,5,5-トリメチルヘキサノール(1.1モル)を更に反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たコンプレックスエステル(40℃動粘度:146mm2/s、粘度指数:140)
モノ/ジヘキシルリン酸エステルの炭素数11~14の分岐アルキルアミン塩(上記式(B-1)において、R11が炭素数6の直鎖状アルキル基(ヘキシル基)であり、nが1又は2である酸性リン酸エステル(混合物)と、上記式(B-2)において、R12、R13及びR14のうち2つが炭素数11~14の分岐状アルキル基のいずれかであり、残りの1つが水素原子であるアミン(混合物)との塩)
酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩B2:
モノ/ジオレイルリン酸エステルの2-エチルヘキシルアミン塩(上記式(B-1)において、R11が炭素数18の不飽和アルキル基(オレイル基)であり、nが1又は2である酸性リン酸エステル(混合物)と、上記式(B-2)において、R12、R13及びR14のうち1つが2-エチルヘキシル基であり、残りの2つが水素原子であるアミンとの塩)
ジチオリン酸エステル及び酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩の種類及び含有量を表1に示すとおりに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして冷凍機油を調製した。
以下の手順で耐摩耗性を評価した。まず、上側試験片としてベーン(SKH-51)、下側試験片としてディスク(SNCM220 HRC50)を用いた摩擦試験装置を、密閉容器の内部に装着した。摩擦試験部位に各冷凍機油600gを導入し、系内を真空脱気した後、冷媒(ジフルオロメタン(R32))100gを導入して加熱した。密閉容器内の温度を110℃とした後、負荷荷重1000N、回転数750rpmの条件で摩耗試験を行い、60分間の試験後ベーン及びディスクのそれぞれの摩耗量を計測した。摩耗量の値が小さいほど、耐摩耗性に優れていることを意味する。結果を表1に示す。
安定性の評価は、JIS K2211-09(オートクレーブテスト)に準拠して行った。具体的には、水分含有量を1000ppmに調整した冷凍機油30gをオートクレーブに秤取し、触媒(鉄、銅、アルミの線、いずれも外径1.6mm×長さ50mm)と、冷媒(ジフルオロメタン(R32))30gとを封入した後、175℃に加熱し、168時間後の冷凍機油の酸価(JIS C2101)を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
Claims (6)
- 前記ジチオリン酸エステル及び前記酸性リン酸エステルのアミン塩の合計含有量に対する前記ジチオリン酸エステルの含有量の質量比が、0.1以上0.9以下である、請求項1に記載の冷凍機油。
- 前記冷凍機油の硫黄分が0.2質量%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の冷凍機油。
- フッ化炭化水素冷媒を含有する冷媒と共に用いられる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機油。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機油と、冷媒とを含有する、冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記冷媒がフッ化炭化水素冷媒を含有する、請求項5に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2000063866A (ja) | 1998-08-20 | 2000-02-29 | Showa Shell Sekiyu Kk | 潤滑油組成物 |
JP2002294271A (ja) | 2001-01-24 | 2002-10-09 | Nippon Oil Corp | 潤滑油組成物 |
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