JP7397409B2 - Li-Ni複合酸化物粒子粉末及び非水電解質二次電池 - Google Patents
Li-Ni複合酸化物粒子粉末及び非水電解質二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7397409B2 JP7397409B2 JP2020503648A JP2020503648A JP7397409B2 JP 7397409 B2 JP7397409 B2 JP 7397409B2 JP 2020503648 A JP2020503648 A JP 2020503648A JP 2020503648 A JP2020503648 A JP 2020503648A JP 7397409 B2 JP7397409 B2 JP 7397409B2
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Description
本発明に係るニッケル酸リチウム複合酸化物の正極活物質粒子粉末は、気相成長法で得られる均一で非常に薄い被覆化合物Yを有し、芯粒子Xと被覆化合物Yとの間に、ピラー効果を有する岩塩層状構造のNi2+イオンを含む結晶相が層として存在している。該被覆化合物Yは、高被覆率を備えるため、二次電池の充放電の繰り返し時の際に、高い容量を示しつつ、生じる副反応を抑制する。結果として、高エネルギー密度で充放電繰り返し特性に優れた正極活物質粒子粉末、及び二次電池として好適である。
前駆体であるコバルト含有水酸化ニッケルNi0.84Co0.16(OH)2は水溶媒中のアンモニア錯体を経由した晶析法で数日間かけて得られた。該水酸化物と水酸化リチウム・一水塩LiOH・H2Oと水酸化アルミニウムAl(OH)3を、モル比でLi:Ni:Co:Al=1.02:0.81:0.15:0.04になるよう所定量を計量後、ハイスピードミキサーで混合し、ローラーハースキルンにおいて酸素雰囲気下770℃で芯粒子Xとなり得るニッケル酸リチウム複合酸化物を得た。
実施例1と同様に、原子層堆積法で被覆化合物Yを形成させた後の350℃の熱処理温度を400℃へと変更した以外、すべて同じ条件で行った。得られた酸化物粒子粉末を正極活物質粒子粉末として評価した。
実施例1で得られた芯粒子Xとなり得る層状構造のニッケル酸リチウム複合酸化物Li1.02Ni0.81Co0.15Al0.04O2を、表面処理することなく正極活物質粒子粉末として用いた。表1に示すように、残存するLiOHの量が高かった。電池の初期放電容量やレート特性は実施例と同様の値であったが、サイクル特性は良好でなかった。
実施例1の途中の製造工程から抜き取った試料、即ち、原子層堆積法での処理後の試料を正極活物質として用いた。表1に示すように、残存するLiOHの量が高く、電池のサイクル特性も良好でなかった。
Claims (5)
- 層状構造のニッケル酸リチウム複合酸化物Li1+aNi1-b-cCobMcO2(Mは元素Mn、Al、B、Mg、Ti、Sn、Zn、Zrのうち少なくとも1種、-0.1≦a≦0.2、0.05≦b≦0.5、0.01≦c≦0.4)を芯粒子Xとし、元素Al、Mg、Zr、Ti、Siのうち少なくとも1種含む平均膜厚が0.2~5nmの被覆化合物Yを有した正極活物質粒子粉末であって、前記芯粒子Xと前記被覆化合物Yとの間に層状岩塩構造のNi2+イオンを含む結晶相が層として存在し、該結晶相が芯粒子Xに対して0.1~3.0mol%であることを特徴とする正極活物質粒子粉末。
- 請求項1記載の正極活物質粒子粉末であって、Niの平均価数は2.80~3.10である正極活物質粒子粉末。
- 請求項1記載の正極活物質粒子粉末であって、水酸化リチウムLiOHの含有量が0.50重量%以下、炭酸リチウムLi2CO3の含有量が0.65重量%以下、水酸化リチウム含有量に対する炭酸リチウム含有量の重量比が0.9以上である正極活物質粒子粉末。
- 請求項1記載の正極活物質粒子粉末であって、BET比表面積が0.05~0.70m2/g、凝集粒子メジアン径D50が1~30μm、2%粉体pHが11.6以下である正極活物質粒子粉末。
- 請求項1記載の正極活物質粒子粉末を、正極活物質の少なくとも一部に用いた非水電解質二次電池。
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