JP7129419B2 - 4-アミノ-3-クロロ-5-フルオロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシフェニル)ピコリン酸ベンジルの調製方法 - Google Patents
4-アミノ-3-クロロ-5-フルオロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシフェニル)ピコリン酸ベンジルの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7129419B2 JP7129419B2 JP2019551496A JP2019551496A JP7129419B2 JP 7129419 B2 JP7129419 B2 JP 7129419B2 JP 2019551496 A JP2019551496 A JP 2019551496A JP 2019551496 A JP2019551496 A JP 2019551496A JP 7129419 B2 JP7129419 B2 JP 7129419B2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl methyl ketone Natural products CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylheptyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCC(CO)CCC YLQLIQIAXYRMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/127—Preparation from compounds containing pyridine rings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D9/00—Crystallisation
- B01D9/005—Selection of auxiliary, e.g. for control of crystallisation nuclei, of crystal growth, of adherence to walls; Arrangements for introduction thereof
- B01D9/0054—Use of anti-solvent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D9/00—Crystallisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D9/00—Crystallisation
- B01D9/005—Selection of auxiliary, e.g. for control of crystallisation nuclei, of crystal growth, of adherence to walls; Arrangements for introduction thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B39/00—Halogenation
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- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B43/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen
- C07B43/04—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing nitrogen of amino groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/61—Halogen atoms or nitro radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/72—Nitrogen atoms
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D213/79—Acids; Esters
- C07D213/803—Processes of preparation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
Description
本出願は、2016年12月12日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/433,415号の利益を主張するものであり、その開示内容は参照によりその全体で本明細書に組み込まれる。
a) 式IIの化合物と無水アンモニアを混合する工程、
e) 塩素化剤を工程d)の混合物に添加する工程、および
f) 式Iの化合物を単離する工程。
I. 定義
本明細書で使用される場合、「アリール」という用語、ならびに例えばアリールオキシなどの派生用語は、6~14個の炭素原子の一価芳香族炭素環式基を含む基を意味する。アリール基は、単一の環または複数の縮合環を含み得る。いくつかの実施形態では、アリール基は、C6-C10アリール基を含む。アリール基の例としては、フェニル、ビフェニル、ナフチル、テトラヒドロナフチル、フェニルシクロプロピル、及びインダニルが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。いくつかの実施形態では、アリール基は、フェニル、インダニルまたはナフチル基であり得る。「ヘテロアリール」という用語、ならびに例えば「ヘテロアリールオキシ」などの派生用語は、一つ以上のヘテロ原子、すなわちN、OもしくはSを含む5員または6員の芳香族環を指す。これらの芳香族複素環は他の芳香族系と縮合されてもよい。いくつかの実施形態では、ヘテロアリール基は、ピリジル、ピリミジルまたはトリアジニル基であり得る。アリール置換基またはヘテロアリール置換基は、非置換であってもよく、または一つ以上の化学部分で置換されてもよい。適切な置換基の例としては、例えば、アミノ、ハロ、ヒドロキシ、ニトロ、シアノ、ホルミル、C1-C6アルキル、C2-C6アルケニル、C2-C6アルキニル、C1-C6アルコキシ、C1-C6ハロアルキル、C1-C6ハロアルコキシ、C1-C6アシル、C1-C6アルキルチオ、C1-C6アルキルスルフィニル、C1-C6アルキルスルホニル、C1-C10アルコキシカルボニル、C1-C6カルバモイル、ヒドロキシカルボニル、C1-C6アルキルカルボニル、アミノカルボニル、C1-C6アルキルアミノカルボニル、C1-C6ジアルキルアミノカルボニルなどが挙げられるが、ただしそれら置換基は立体適合性があり、化学結合規則およびひずみエネルギー規則が満たされていることが条件である。好ましい置換基としては、ハロゲン、C1-C2アルキル、C1-C10アルコキシカルボニル、およびC1-C2ハロアルキルが挙げられる。
式Iの化合物を調製する方法の第一の工程は、式IIのジフルオロピコリン酸塩を、アンモニアを用いて式IVの塩酸(HCl)塩へアミノ化することにより変換し、次いで無水HClで処理することを含む(スキーム3)。
驚くべきことに、反応温度を50℃まで下げつつ、アンモニア圧を100psigに維持することで(エントリー5)、変換率は99%であったにもかかわらず、式IIIaの化合物の収率は低下した。
式Iの化合物を調製する方法の次の工程は、式IVのHCl塩をフロルピラウキシフェン-ベンジル(式I)へ変換することを含む。この変換はスキーム5に示され、式IVのHCl塩を塩基を用いて中和して式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩を生成し、次いでN-クロロ化合物である塩素化剤を利用して式IIIbの化合物を式Iの化合物へと変換することを含む。
式IVのHCl塩を塩基を用いて中和し、式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩を再単離するために二相溶媒系を使用してもよい。二相溶媒系は水(すなわち水性の液相)と、例えばトルエン、キシレンおよびキシレン類混合物、ベンゾニトリルなどの芳香族炭化水素、例えば酢酸エチルなどのエステル類、例えばtert-アミルメチルエーテル(TAME)およびメチルtert-ブチルエーテル(MTBE)などのエーテル類、例えばジクロロメタンおよび1,2-ジクロロエタンなどの塩素化炭化水素、ならびにそれらの混合物から選択される有機溶媒(すなわち水非混和性の液相)を含んでもよい。二相溶媒系を使用する場合の、式IVのHCl塩を中和して式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩を生成するための適切な塩基としては、例えばトリエチルアミンなどのトリアルキルアミン、ジアルキルアミン、モノアルキルアミン、アンモニア、ならびに例えばピリジンおよびN-メチルイミダゾールなどの複素環アミンが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。二相溶媒系を使用する場合の、式IVのHCl塩の中和に使用され得る追加の塩基としては、例えば限定されないが、NaOHおよびKOHなどの無機塩基、ならびに例えばNa2CO3およびK2CO3などの炭酸塩が挙げられる。
次いで本明細書に記載されるように調製された式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩を含む濃縮溶液を塩素化剤で処理して、塩素基を式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩のピリジン環上に導入して、最終生成物の式Iを生成することができる。
一相溶媒系(すなわち、単一の有機液相があり、水性の第二液相が無い)を、塩基を用いた式IVのHCl塩の中和に使用して、式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩を生成してもよい。一相溶媒系は、限定されないが、例えばトルエン、キシレンおよびキシレン類混合物、アセトニトリル、ベンゾニトリルなどの芳香族炭化水素、例えば酢酸エチルなどのエステル類、例えばTHF、ジオキサン、tert-アミルメチルエーテル(TAME)およびメチルtert-ブチルエーテル(MTBE)などのエーテル類、例えばジクロロメタンおよび1,2-ジクロロエタンなどの塩素化炭化水素、ならびにそれらの混合物などの有機溶媒を含んでもよい。一相溶媒系を使用する場合の、式IVのHCl塩を中和して式IIIbの4-アミノピコリン酸塩を生成するための適切な塩基としては、例えばトリエチルアミンなどのトリアルキルアミン、ジアルキルアミン、モノアルキルアミン、アンモニア、ならびに例えばピリジンおよびN-メチルイミダゾールなどの複素環アミンが挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。
本明細書に記載されるプロセスにより式Iの化合物を調製した後、生成物は、標準的な単離技術および精製技術を採用して単離されてもよい。例えば粗生成物は、本明細書に記載される標準的な方法を使用して単離され、単一溶媒、または二種以上の溶媒の混合物を使用した結晶化によって精製されてもよい。結晶化で使用される溶媒としては、脂肪族炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、およびアルコールのうちの一種以上を含んでもよい。
A. 300mLのパールリアクターに、4,5-ジフルオロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシフェニル)ピコリン酸ベンジル(15グラム、78.9重量%、29.1mmol)と125グラムのアセトニトリルを入れた。リアクターに加圧し、次いで350psiの窒素を用いて三回排気させ、酸素をしっかりと除去した。攪拌を開始し、溶液を100℃に加熱した。温度に達した時点で、6分間かけてリアクターにアンモニアを供給して、リアクターを80psiの最終圧とした。反応混合液を5時間攪拌させ、その間、必要に応じてさらにアンモニアを供給することによりリアクターの圧力を80psiに維持した。HPLCにより反応の完了が確認された時点で、溶液を冷却し、排気させて、余剰アンモニアを除去した。粗溶液をろ過して、フッ化アンモニウム副産物を除去し、得られたリアクター溶液をHPLCにより分析した。HPLCにより、定量的内部標準法を使用して決定したところ、4-アミノ-5-フルオロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシフェニル)ピコリン酸ベンジルの中間物のイン-ポット(in-pot)収率が85%であったことが示された。この溶液を一時的に82℃に加熱し、大気圧で蒸留させ、残留アンモニアをすべて除去し、溶液を約20重量%の固体量に濃縮した。次いで溶液を50℃まで冷却し、12.3 wt%のHClのアセトニトリル溶液(26.4mmol)を用いて3分かけて滴下して加えることで処理した。得られたスラリーを1時間攪拌し、次いで50℃でろ過した。湿潤ケーキを室温のアセトニトリルで洗浄し、真空オーブン中で一晩乾燥させ、所望の4-アミノ-5-フルオロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシフェニル)ピコリン酸塩酸塩を褐色固形物(91.7重量%、収率70%)として得た。
A.200.0gの4-アミノ-5-フルオロ-6-(4-クロロ-2-フルオロ-3-メトキシフェニル)ピコリン酸塩酸塩(93.2重量%、0.42モル)と1440gのトルエンの混合物を、コンデンサーとオーバーヘッド撹拌器を備えた5リットルの圧入リアクター内に入れた。溶液を窒素雰囲気下に置き、トリエチルアミン(44.9g、0.44mol)で処理した。次いで混合物を80℃に加熱し、さらに0.5時間攪拌した。得られた溶液を1780gの水で二回洗浄した。洗浄水を捨て、リアクター溶液を80℃に加熱し、真空下(300mmHg)で蒸留し、残留水とトリエチルアミンをすべて除去した。次いで溶液をDCDMH(1,3-ジクロロ-5,5-ジメチルヒダントイン、51.0g、0.25モル)で処理し、75℃で2.5時間攪拌させた。HPLC解析により反応の完了が決定された時点で、冷却された溶液を1290gの重亜硫酸ナトリウム水溶液(0.7wt%、0.08mol)で洗浄し、その後1500gの水で洗浄した。混合洗浄水を捨て、次いで有機溶液を80℃に加熱し、真空下(300mmHg)で再び蒸留し、溶液を濃縮して残留水をすべて除去した。溶液を生成品がおよそ17重量%となるまで濃縮し、70℃に冷却し、次いでおよそ790gのヘキサンを90分間かけて溶液に滴下して加え、引き続きこれを室温まで冷却した。得られた混合液を濾過し、得られた湿潤ケーキを300gのトルエンと300gのヘキサンからなる混合液で洗浄した。次いで湿潤ケーキを真空オーブン中、70℃で一晩乾燥させ、黄色固形物として所望の生成物を84%の収率で得た(166g、92.2重量%)。
Claims (20)
- 式Iの化合物を調製する方法であって、
e) 塩素化剤を前記工程d)の混合物に添加する工程、および
f) 前記式Iの化合物を単離する工程、
を含む、方法。 - 工程d)の後、前記工程e)で塩素化剤を添加する前に、前記式IIIの化合物を再単離する工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒はアセトニトリルである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記工程a)の混合が、無水アンモニアを用いて一平方インチ当たり70~100ポンドゲージ圧(psig)(482.6~689.5kPaゲージ圧)で維持される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程a)の混合が60~130℃の温度で維持される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程a)の混合が80~120℃の温度で維持される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 工程b)が、フッ化アンモニウム、および残留アンモニアを工程a)の混合物から除去する工程を含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記フッ化アンモニウムがろ過または遠心により除去される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記残留アンモニアが、蒸留により、または不活性ガスの注入により除去される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記工程d)における式IVの化合物を単離する工程が、ろ過または遠心により前記式IVの化合物を単離する工程を含む、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記式IIIの化合物を再単離する工程が、水非混和性溶媒をさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記水非混和性溶媒が、トルエン、キシレン、キシレン類混合物、またはベンゾニトリルから選択される芳香族炭化水素である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記工程d)の塩基は、トリエチルアミン化合物を含む、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記式IIIの化合物を再単離する工程が、水で洗浄する工程を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記工程e)の塩素化剤が、1,3-ジクロロ-5,5-ジメチルヒダントインである、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記工程d)の混合が、一相溶媒系を含む、請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記一相溶媒系が、トルエン、キシレン、キシレン類混合物、アセトニトリル、ベンゾニトリル、酢酸エチル、THF、ジオキサン、tert-アミルメチルエーテル(TAME)、メチルtert-ブチルエーテル(MTBE)、および塩素化炭化水素を含む群から選択される一種以上の溶媒を含む、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 工程f)の単離後、前記式Iの化合物が、C4-C12アルコール、脂肪族炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素、またはそれらの混合物を含む溶媒からの結晶化により精製される、請求項1~17のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記C4-C12アルコールが、2-エチル-1-ヘキサノールを含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 工程f)の単離後、前記式Iの化合物が、ヘキサンまたはヘキサン類混合物である脂肪族炭化水素と、トルエン、又は、2-エチル-1-ヘキサノール、ヘプタンおよびトルエンを含む溶媒混合物である芳香族炭化水素とを含む溶媒混合物からの結晶化により精製される、請求項1~17のいずれかに記載の方法。
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US10407391B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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