JP7102021B2 - 幹細胞由来のエキソソームを有効成分として含む組成物の皮膚バリアの強化ないし機能改善の用途 - Google Patents
幹細胞由来のエキソソームを有効成分として含む組成物の皮膚バリアの強化ないし機能改善の用途 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000017423 tissue regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
マウスマクロファージ細胞株であるRAW264.7は、韓国細胞株バンクから購入して培養した。細胞培養のために10%ウシ胎児血清(fetal bovine serum:ThermoFisher Scientificから購入)及び1%抗生剤-抗真菌剤(antibiotics-antimycotics:ThermoFisher Scientificから購入)が含有されたDMEM(ThermoFisher Scientificから購入)培地に5%CO2、37℃の条件で継代培養した。
<実施例2:TFF法によるエキソソームの分離及び精製>
実施例1で0.22μmフィルタでろ過された培養液からエキソソームを分離、濃縮、脱塩とバッファー交換(diafiltration)をするためにTFF(Tangential Flow Filtration)法を使用した。TFF法のためのフィルタとしては、カートリッジフィルタ(cartridge filter、別名hollow fiber filter;GE Healthcareから購入)、又はカセットフィルタ(cassette filter;Pall又はSartorius又はMerck Milliporeから購入)を使用した。TFFフィルタは、様々な分画分子量(molecular weight cutoff;MWCO)によって選択されてもよい。選択されたMWCOによって選別的にエキソソームを分離、濃縮し、MWCOよりも小さい粒子やタンパク質、脂質、核酸、低分子化合物等は除去した。
<実施例3:分離されたエキソソームの特性の分析>
分離されたエキソソームは、ナノ粒子トラッキング解析(nanoparticle tracking analysis:NTA;Malvernから購入)、又は可変抵抗パルス検出(tunable resistive pulse sensing:TRPS;Izon Scienceから購入)によって粒子の大きさと濃度を測定した。分離されたエキソソームの均一性と大きさは、透過型電子顕微鏡(transmitted electron microscopy:TEM)を用いて分析した。本発明の一具体例により分離されたエキソソームのTRPS、NTA、TEM分析の結果は、図1A~図1Cに示した。
<実施例4:エキソソーム処理による細胞毒性の測定>
ヒト皮膚繊維芽細胞であるHS68細胞で本発明の一具体例の分離方法によって得られたエキソソームの毒性を評価するために、細胞に濃度別にエキソソームを処理し、細胞の増殖率を確認した。HS68細胞を、10%FBSを含むDMEMに懸濁させた後、80~90%の密集度(confluency)を有するように分株し、37℃、5%CO2インキュベーターで24時間培養した。24時間後、培養液を除去し、実施例2で準備されたエキソソームを濃度別に処理して、24~72時間培養しながら細胞生存率を評価した。細胞生存率をWST-1試薬(WST-1 reagent)(Takaraから購入)、MTT試薬(Sigmaから購入)、セルタイターグロ試薬(CellTiter-Glo reagent)(Promegaから購入)、又はアラマールブルー試薬(alamarBlue reagent)(ThermoFisher Scientificから購入)とマイクロプレートリーダー(microplate reader)(Molecular Devicesから購入)を用いて測定した。
<実施例5:マクロファージ細胞株を用いた炎症反応の測定>
RAW264.7細胞を、10%FBSを含むDMEM培地に懸濁させ、これをマルチウェルプレート(multiwell plate)の各ウェルに80~90%の密集度(confluency)を有するように分株した。翌日LPSが含まれた新たな無血清培地に希釈した本発明のエキソソーム(実施例2で準備されたエキソソーム)を適正濃度で1~24時間処理して培養した。培養が終わった培養上清を取り、培養液内に存在するNO及び炎症性サイトカインを測定して炎症反応を確認した。培養液内の炎症反応は、NO検出キット(detection kit)(イントロンバイオもしくはプロメガから購入)を用いて測定した。ELISAキット(R&D systemから購入)メーカーのマニュアル通りに実施して、LPSのみを処理した群と本発明のエキソソームが共に処理された群の炎症性サイトカインTNF-αの量を確認した。陽性対照群としてデキサメタゾン(dexamethasone)(Sigmaから購入)を処理した。また、前記のように処理されたRAW264.7細胞から得られた総RNAからcDNAを製造し、リアルタイムPCR法を用いてiNOS、TNF-α、IL-6及びIL-1βのmRNAの変化量を測定した。前記遺伝子を定量するための標準遺伝子としてGAPDH遺伝子を使用した。リアルタイムPCRに使用したプライマーの種類と配列は下記の表1の通りである。
<実施例6:分離方法によるNO形成の減少効果の比較>
分離方法によるエキソソームのNO形成の減少効果を比較するために、本発明の一具体例のTFF分離精製によって得られたエキソソーム以外に、従来の沈殿法によって分離されたエキソソームを準備した。沈殿法はメーカー(System Biosciences)のプロトコルに基づいて実施した。従来の沈殿法によって分離されたエキソソーム(図6A参照)は、本発明の一具体例のTFF法によって分離精製されたエキソソーム(図6B参照)と比較して、粒子サイズ分布の均一性が低く、様々なサイズを有することを確認した。また、図6Cに示すように、本発明の一具体例のTFF法によって分離精製されたエキソソームは、従来の沈殿法によって得られたエキソソームに比べてはるかに高いレベルでNO形成を抑制することを確認した。このような結果は、本発明の一具体例により分離精製されたエキソソームが、従来の方法により分離されたエキソソームに比べて、粒子サイズ分布の均一性とNO形成抑制の面で優れていることを示している。
<実施例7:皮膚バリアの損傷が誘発された動物モデル>
皮膚バリア強化ないし機能改善を確認するための動物モデルを確立するためにオキサゾロン(oxazolone)を使用した。オキサゾロンは、皮膚への塗布時に皮膚バリアの機能損傷をもたらすが、TEWL(transepidermal water loss)の増加により示される皮膚角質層の水分減少、皮膚バリアの構造タンパク質であるロリクリン、インボルクリン、フィラグリンの発現の減少、皮膚の角質層のpH増加を誘発し、皮膚バリアの機能が損傷された動物モデルを提供することができる(非特許文献3)。
(1)Normal:正常対照群(図7で「N」と表記)。
(2)Control(皮膚バリアの損傷誘発群):オキサゾロンにより皮膚バリアの損傷を誘発した陰性対照群(図7で「C」と表記)。
(3)エキソソーム低用量:オキサゾロンにより皮膚バリアの損傷を誘発した後、実施例2で準備されたエキソソームを個体ごとに1μgの用量で週3回ずつ4週間皮下投与(SC:subcutaneous injection)した実験群(図7で「L」と表記)。
(4)エキソソーム中用量:オキサゾロンにより皮膚バリアの損傷を誘発した後、実施例2で準備されたエキソソームを個体ごとに3μgの用量で週3回ずつ4週間皮下投与した実験群(図7で「M」と表記);
(5)エキソソーム高用量:オキサゾロンにより皮膚バリアの損傷を誘発した後、実施例2で準備されたエキソソームを個体ごとに10μgの用量で週3回ずつ4週間皮下投与した実験群(図7で「H」と表記);
(6)デキサメタゾン:オキサゾロンにより皮膚バリアの損傷を誘発した後、エタノールに溶解させた0.03%デキサメタゾン(Sigmaから購入)を、個体ごとに100μLの用量で週3回ずつ4週間皮下投与した実験群(陽性対照群)(図7で「D」と表記)。
<実施例8:皮膚バリア指標の改善の確認>
実施例7のマウスを犠牲にして、皮膚サンプルを採取した後、各実験群ごとにセラミド、ジヒドロセラミド、スフィンゴシン及びスフィンゴシン-1-リン酸(S1P)の含有量、スフィンゴシンキナーゼ(Sphingosine kinase)であるSPHK1の活性、及びS1P(Sphingosine 1-phosphate)を分解する酵素であるS1Pリアーゼ(S1P lyase)の活性を測定した。測定に使用したマウスの数は各実験群ごとに8匹であった(n=8)。
<実施例9:動物モデルの耳の厚さ及び脾臓サイズの比較>
実施例7のマウスの耳の厚さをキャリパーを用いて測定し、マウスを犠牲にした後、各実験群ごとに当業界に知られているH&E染色によって背の皮膚組織を染色した。各実験群ごとに8匹であった(n=8)。
<実施例10:皮膚バリアの損傷と関連が深いサイトカインの減少の確認>
実施例7のマウスを犠牲にして、皮膚のサンプルを採取した後、各実験群ごとにTSLP(Thymic stromal lymphopoietin)、IL-4、IL-13などの皮膚組織内のレベルをELISAで確認した。測定に使用したマウスの数は、各実験群ごとに8匹であった(n=8)。皮膚組織サンプルを氷上の5mL Ripaバッファー(Ripa buffer)(1×プロテアーゼ阻害剤含有)に入れて細かく切った後、4℃で5分間2,000rpmで遠心分離して不純物を除去した。BCAキットでタンパク質を定量し、プロテアーゼ阻害剤含有Ripaバッファーでタンパク質濃度を100μg/mLに調整した後、100μL(10μgタンパク質)をELISA分析に使用した。TSLP ELISAキット、IL-4 ELISAキット及びIL-13 ELISAキット(ThermoFisherから購入)を用いて実験を行い、450nmで吸光度を測定してTSLP、IL-4及びIL-13の組織内レベルを定量した。
<実施例11:本発明のエキソソームを含む化粧料組成物の製造>
(ローションの製造)
前記実施例2で準備された1704μg/mLの濃度のエキソソーム原液を希釈して下記表2に記載された成分と混合して懸濁した後、化粧料組成物(ローション)を製造した。最終の化粧料組成物がエキソソームを2×104粒子/mLの濃度で含有するように製造した。各成分の含有量は下記表2の通りである。
前記実施例2で準備された1704μg/mLの濃度のエキソソーム原液を希釈して下記表3に記載された成分と混合して懸濁した後、化粧料組成物(クリーム)を製造した。最終の化粧料組成物がエキソソームを2×104粒子/mLの濃度で含有するように製造した。各成分の含有量は下記表3に示す。
前記実施例2で準備された1704μg/mLの濃度のエキソソーム原液を希釈して下記表4に記載された成分と混合して懸濁した後、得られた化粧料組成物を塗布ないしは浸漬したマスクパックを製造した。エキソソームは4×103粒子/mLの濃度でマスクパックに塗布ないしは浸漬された。各成分の含有量は下記表4の通りである。
Claims (13)
- ヒト脂肪由来幹細胞由来の、細胞膜の構造と同じ二重のリン脂質膜からなる小胞体であるエキソソームを有効成分として含み、皮膚において、セラミドの生成量を増加させることを特徴とする、角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚において、さらにジヒドロセラミド又はスフィンゴ塩基のうちの少なくとも1種の生成量を増加させる、請求項1に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚において、C16セラミド、C18セラミド、C20セラミド、C22セラミド、C24セラミド、又はC24:1セラミドのうちの少なくとも1種の生成量及び総セラミドの生成量を増加させる、請求項1または2に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚において、C16ジヒドロセラミド、C18ジヒドロセラミド、C22ジヒドロセラミド、C24ジヒドロセラミド、又はC24:1ジヒドロセラミドのうちの少なくとも1種の生成量及び総ジヒドロセラミドの生成量を増加させる、請求項2に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚において、S1P(Sphingosine-1-phosphate)又はスフィンゴシンのうちの少なくとも1種の生成量を増加させる、請求項2に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚において、SPHK1の活性を増加させ、S1Pリアーゼ(S1P lyase)の活性を減少させる、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚において、TSLP(Thymic stromal lymphopoietin)、IL-4及びIL-13の生成又は発現を減少させる、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 薬学組成物である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 注射剤である、請求項8に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- パッチ、マスクパック、シートマスク、クリーム、トニック、軟膏、懸濁液、乳濁液、ペースト、ローション、ゲル、オイル、パック、スプレー、エアゾール、ミスト、ファンデーション、パウダー、及び油紙で構成された群から選ばれた少なくとも1種の形態に適用することを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- パッチ、マスクパック又はシートマスクの少なくとも一面に塗布又は浸漬されることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 皮膚外用剤又は化粧料組成物である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
- 前記化粧料組成物は、クリーム又はローションである、請求項12に記載の角質層の多層ラメラ脂質層の皮膚バリアの強化用組成物。
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US20200276233A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
KR20190123709A (ko) | 2019-11-01 |
KR20190060646A (ko) | 2019-06-03 |
US11529370B2 (en) | 2022-12-20 |
EP3695830A4 (en) | 2021-09-01 |
KR102127527B1 (ko) | 2020-06-26 |
CN111432799A (zh) | 2020-07-17 |
EP3695830A1 (en) | 2020-08-19 |
KR20190060651A (ko) | 2019-06-03 |
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