JP7085838B2 - カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム - Google Patents
カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7085838B2 JP7085838B2 JP2017545590A JP2017545590A JP7085838B2 JP 7085838 B2 JP7085838 B2 JP 7085838B2 JP 2017545590 A JP2017545590 A JP 2017545590A JP 2017545590 A JP2017545590 A JP 2017545590A JP 7085838 B2 JP7085838 B2 JP 7085838B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- cathode
- electrolysis
- carbonate
- transition metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 100
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 348
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 271
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 188
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 137
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 transition metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical group [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical group [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 47
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 40
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 20
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 11
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 11
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002717 carbon nanostructure Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002048 multi walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000575 Ir alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000441 X-ray spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUBLEHGZOFOXGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Fr+].[Fr+].[O-]C([O-])=O Chemical class [Fr+].[Fr+].[O-]C([O-])=O TUBLEHGZOFOXGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YPWICUOZSQYGTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ra+2].[O-]C([O-])=O Chemical compound [Ra+2].[O-]C([O-])=O YPWICUOZSQYGTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000386 athletic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-OUBTZVSYSA-N carbane Chemical compound [13CH4] VNWKTOKETHGBQD-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008571 general function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009629 growth pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002173 high-resolution transmission electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001387 inorganic aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021404 metallic carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004660 morphological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007614 solvation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/16—Preparation
- C01B32/162—Preparation characterised by catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/135—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/23—Carbon monoxide or syngas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/50—Processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
- C25B11/043—Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
- C25B11/046—Alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/061—Metal or alloy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/09—Fused bath cells
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/127—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or vapours or other carbon-containing compounds in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. carbon monoxide, alcohols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/127—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or vapours or other carbon-containing compounds in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. carbon monoxide, alcohols
- D01F9/133—Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/30—Solar heat collectors for heating objects, e.g. solar cookers or solar furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/12—Light guides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
- Y02B40/18—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers using renewables, e.g. solar cooking stoves, furnaces or solar heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
本特許文書の開示の一部には、著作権保護の対象となる資料が含まれている。著作権所有者は、特許開示が特許庁の特許包袋又は記録中に現れるため、誰でもそれの複写ができることに異論を唱えないが、それ以外の場合は何であれ全ての著作権を留保する。
本出願は、2015年2月26日に出願された米国仮出願第62/120,951号及び2015年10月13日に出願された米国仮出願第62/240,805号(これらは両方とも、その全体が引用例として本明細書に取り込まれる)の優先権を主張する。
本発明は一般に、カーボンナノ材料の製造に関し、具体的には、CO2中で混合することにより炭素と酸素を分離しながら、溶融炭酸塩の電気分解を提供することによるカーボンナノ材料の製造に関する。
一例により、カーボンナノ材料を製造するためのシステムが開示される。このシステムは、炭酸塩を受け入れる炉室を含む。この炉室を加熱することにより溶融炭酸塩を生成させる。電気分解装置は、溶融炭酸塩に電気分解を行うためのアノード及びカソードを有する。分散機は、カーボンナノ材料を蓄積させるためにカソード上に遷移金属核形成剤を形成する。
純粋なLi2CO3(融点723℃を有する)又はより低融点の炭酸塩共融物(LiNaKCO3(融点399℃を有する)又はLiBaCaCO3(融点620℃を有する)など)は、可溶性の高い酸化物(Li2O及びBaOなど)と混合すると、大気中の排気CO2からのCO2の迅速な吸収を維持する。炭酸塩は、アルカリ及びアルカリ土類炭酸塩を含む。アルカリ炭酸塩は、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム、セシウム、若しくはフランシウム炭酸塩、又はこれらの混合物を含み得る。アルカリ土類炭酸塩は、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、若しくはラジウム炭酸塩、又はこれらの混合物であってもよい。
Li2CO3→C+Li2O+O2;式(1)との差引:CO2→C+O2 (2)
Li2CO3→CO+Li2O+1/2 O2;
式(1)との差引:CO2→CO+1/2 O2 (3)
[Ni2+]、及び質量拡散により、高電流は、炭酸塩還元に独占されよう。炭素を析出させるために熱力学的に必要とされるその後のより高い電解電圧は、より高い印加電流密度(>20mA cm-2)においてのみ観測される。したがって、低電流の最初の印加なしには、無定形炭素及び黒鉛板状晶が形成される傾向があるが、一方、カーボンナノファイバーは、低電流ニッケル核形成活性化の後に容易に形成される。典型的な高収率のカーボンナノファイバー電気分解では、電流密度は、10cm-2の鋼カソードで50から1000mAまで15分間かけて増加させ、続いて1000mAで定電流電解を行う。
(ω0-ω)/ω0=1-[(12+C0)/(12+C)]1/2 (4)
Li2O+CO2→Li2CO3+C+O2 (5)
Claims (24)
- カーボンナノ材料を製造するためのシステムであって、
炭酸塩を受け入れる炉室であって、これを加熱することにより溶融炭酸塩を生成させる前記炉室;
前記溶融炭酸塩に電気分解を行うためのアノード及びカソードを有する電気分解装置;並びに
添加される遷移金属から、前記カソード上に十分な量の遷移金属核形成剤を形成させる分散機
を含み、
前記システムは、(i)核形成部位として作用する前記カソード上に前記遷移金属核形成剤の析出物を形成し、(ii)その後、カーボンナノ材料としての前記核形成部位から主に成長されたカーボン生成物を提供する、ように構成される、
前記システム。 - アノード及びカソードを用いた電気分解によりカーボンナノ材料を製造する方法であって、
炭酸塩を加熱することにより溶融炭酸塩を生成させ;
前記溶融炭酸塩に前記アノード及びカソードを挿入し;
添加される遷移金属から、遷移金属核形成剤が形成され;
前記溶融炭酸塩中に前記遷移金属核形成剤を提供し;そして
前記電気分解は、電解質の析出条件を変化させて、核形成部位として作用する前記カソード上に前記遷移金属核形成剤の析出物を形成させ、前記核形成部位からカーボンナノ材料を成長させる、ように起こされる、
ことを含む方法。 - 前記カソードが、鋼、鉄、ニッケル、コバルト、銅、マンガン、イリジウム、金属合金、炭素、又はそれらの何れかの組み合わせ、を含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記アノードが、ニッケル、コバルト、銅、マンガン、炭素、イリジウム、金属、炭素、又はそれらの何れかの組み合わせ、を含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記電気分解が、最初の所定時間は5~10mA・cm-2の電流密度で、そして次に20~1000mA・cm-2の電流密度で行われる、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記カーボンナノ材料が、カーボンナノファイバーである、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記カーボンナノ材料が、カーボンナノチューブである、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属核形成剤が、ニッケル、鉄、コバルト、銅、チタン、クロム、マンガン、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、銀、カドミウム、ルテニウム、及びそれらの何れかの組み合わせ、からなるグループから選択される、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属核形成剤が、溶解した遷移金属塩として前記溶融炭酸塩に添加されて、前記カソード上に移動する、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属核形成剤が、直接に前記カソード上に添加される、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属核形成剤が、前記アノードからの遷移金属の溶解により添加されて、前記溶融炭酸塩を通って、前記カソード上に移動する、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記カソードが、亜鉛でコーティングされる、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記炭酸塩が、アルカリ炭酸塩、アルカリ土類炭酸塩、及びそれらの何れかの組み合わせ、を含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記溶融炭酸塩に、CO2源からCO2を注入する、ことを更に含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記CO2源が、空気、加圧CO2 、濃縮CO2、発電産業プロセス、鉄生成産業プロセス、鋼生成産業プロセス、セメント形成プロセス、アンモニア形成産業プロセス、アルミニウム形成産業プロセス、製造プロセス、炉、煙突、又は内燃機関、の1つである、請求項14記載の方法。
- 前記溶融炭酸塩が、カーボンナノ材料の充填剤又はコーティング剤として作用することができるか、あるいは電解質の粘度に影響を及ぼす、酸化物又は遷移金属塩以外の添加剤を含む、請求項14記載の方法。
- 前記蓄積されたカーボンナノ材料を処理することであって、前記処理が、洗浄、コーティング、及び化学的又は電気化学的な酸化又は還元、の少なくとも1つ、を更に含む、請求項14記載の方法。
- 前記溶融炭酸塩が、酸化物を更に含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記酸化物が、絡み合ったカーボンナノ材料の前記形成を促進するための酸化リチウムである、請求項18記載の方法。
- 前記酸化物が、酸化バリウムである、請求項18記載の方法。
- 前記分散機が、アノードである、請求項1記載のシステム。
- クーロン効率が、80%以上である、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記カーボンナノ材料が、カーボンナノファイバーを80%以上含む、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記カーボンナノ材料の特性が、前記アノード及び前記カソードへの電流密度、電気分解の温度、粘度、電気分解の注入気体、遷移金属容量、又は電解炉の電解容量、の少なくとも一つにより制御される、請求項1記載のシステム。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021096785A JP2021152220A (ja) | 2015-02-26 | 2021-06-09 | カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201562120951P | 2015-02-26 | 2015-02-26 | |
US62/120,951 | 2015-02-26 | ||
US201562240805P | 2015-10-13 | 2015-10-13 | |
US62/240,805 | 2015-10-13 | ||
PCT/US2016/019918 WO2016138469A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Methods and systems for carbon nanofiber production |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021096785A Division JP2021152220A (ja) | 2015-02-26 | 2021-06-09 | カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2018513911A JP2018513911A (ja) | 2018-05-31 |
JP2018513911A5 JP2018513911A5 (ja) | 2019-01-17 |
JP7085838B2 true JP7085838B2 (ja) | 2022-06-17 |
Family
ID=56789840
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017545590A Active JP7085838B2 (ja) | 2015-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム |
JP2021096785A Pending JP2021152220A (ja) | 2015-02-26 | 2021-06-09 | カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021096785A Pending JP2021152220A (ja) | 2015-02-26 | 2021-06-09 | カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10730751B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP3261988B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP7085838B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN107849706A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016138469A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107849706A (zh) | 2015-02-26 | 2018-03-27 | 乔治华盛顿大学 | 制备碳纳米纤维的方法和系统 |
WO2017066295A1 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-20 | Clarion Energy Llc | Methods and systems for carbon nanofiber production |
WO2018075123A1 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-04-26 | Vanderbilt University | Nanostructured carbon materials and methods of making and use thereof |
CN114921798B (zh) * | 2016-11-16 | 2024-05-10 | C2Cnt有限责任公司 | 制造长碳纳米纤维的方法和系统 |
KR102341019B1 (ko) | 2017-02-21 | 2021-12-17 | 씨2씨엔티 엘엘씨 | 도핑된 탄소 나노물질을 생산하기 위한 방법 및 시스템 |
JP6162355B1 (ja) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-12 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | カーボン材料生成システム |
IL282197B1 (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2024-08-01 | C2Cnt Llc | Using carbon nanomaterials produced with a low carbon footprint to create composite materials with low CO2 emissions |
CN112955586A (zh) | 2018-10-29 | 2021-06-11 | C2Cnt有限责任公司 | 持续的、容易分离的熔融碳酸盐电解阴极产物 |
CN109756184B (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2021-09-14 | 东北石油大学 | 一种太阳能电池-太阳能燃料联产循环系统 |
CN109735862B (zh) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-04-28 | 东北大学 | 利用无锂钙基熔盐法处理冶金废气并资源化利用的方法 |
CA3181817A1 (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-12-03 | C2Cnt Llc | Process for the facile electrosynthesis of graphene from co2 |
CN110203904B (zh) * | 2019-06-06 | 2021-07-09 | 东北大学 | 用于制备纳米结构碳材料的前体材料及方法 |
CN110562956A (zh) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-13 | 复旦大学 | 一种有序介孔碳纳米纤维阵列材料的制备方法及其应用 |
EP4146592A1 (en) | 2020-05-08 | 2023-03-15 | C2Cnt Llc | Magnetic carbon nanomaterials and methods of making same |
WO2022031949A1 (en) | 2020-08-06 | 2022-02-10 | C2Cnt Llc | Sustainable, facile separation of the molten carbonate electrolysis cathode product |
US11982624B2 (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2024-05-14 | Battelle Savannah River Alliance, Llc | Carbon fiber classification using raman spectroscopy |
CN112442761B (zh) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉大学 | 一种将无定型碳转化为石墨化碳纳米纤维的方法 |
CN114622222B (zh) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-07-28 | 江苏绿碳纳米科技有限公司 | 一种碳纳米材料的工业化制备方法 |
WO2022232155A1 (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2022-11-03 | Direct Air Capture, Llc | Apparatus, system and method for direct capture of carbon-containing gas |
WO2022251485A1 (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-12-01 | Direct Air Capture, Llc | Apparatus, system and method for making a carbon nanomaterial fiber and textiles from carbon dioxide and materials and materials and products thereof |
CN118056036A (zh) | 2021-10-04 | 2024-05-17 | 学校法人同志社 | 金属碳化物和烃的制造方法以及金属碳化物组合物 |
CN113880202A (zh) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 北京航空航天大学 | 双极协同催化降解有机物的电化学水处理方法 |
CN114068202B (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-03-24 | 东北石油大学 | 二氧化钛纳米管光电容材料及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2023096994A2 (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2023-06-01 | C2Cnt Llc | Electrolysis methods that utilize carbon dioxide and a non-iron additive for making desired nanocarbon allotropes |
EP4421214A1 (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2024-08-28 | The Doshisha | Energy usage system, and method for manufacturing carbon-containing material |
CN115874197A (zh) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-03-31 | 东北石油大学 | 熔盐电解转化co2用阴极及其制备方法和应用 |
GB202319842D0 (en) | 2023-12-21 | 2024-02-07 | Up Catalyst Oue | A method of producing carbon materials from feedstock gases |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140202874A1 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-24 | Saratoga Energy Research Partners, LLC | Electrolytic generation of graphite |
Family Cites Families (68)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2916534A (en) | 1955-01-15 | 1959-12-08 | Knapsack Ag | Process for carrying out endothermic reactions at high temperatures |
US3085053A (en) | 1959-01-29 | 1963-04-09 | Isomet Corp | Reversed fuel cell and oxygen generator |
US3173849A (en) | 1961-01-30 | 1965-03-16 | M S A Res Corp | Oxygen generation |
NL129556C (ja) | 1961-03-29 | |||
US3401062A (en) | 1962-05-14 | 1968-09-10 | Ernest H. Lyons Jr. | Process and apparatus for electrolytic production of electric current from photoreducible metal oxides |
US3236961A (en) | 1962-06-28 | 1966-02-22 | Fluristor Corp | Time mechanism having selectively variable time ranges with continuous control of time therein |
US3374120A (en) | 1962-10-23 | 1968-03-19 | Aerojet General Co | Apparatus and method regarding generation of electrical energy from thermal energy |
US3441441A (en) | 1965-04-02 | 1969-04-29 | North American Rockwell | Galvanic cell electrolyte |
US3463709A (en) | 1966-07-20 | 1969-08-26 | United Aircraft Corp | Electrolysis utilizing thin film electrolytes |
US3615839A (en) | 1968-07-12 | 1971-10-26 | United Aircraft Corp | Fuel cell system with recycle stream |
US3661753A (en) | 1970-11-18 | 1972-05-09 | United Aircraft Corp | Carbon dioxide removal device |
US3655537A (en) | 1970-11-18 | 1972-04-11 | United Aircraft Corp | Process for separating gases |
US3919390A (en) | 1974-07-12 | 1975-11-11 | Us Interior | Process and composition for cleaning hot fuel gas |
US4041210A (en) | 1976-08-30 | 1977-08-09 | United Technologies Corporation | Pressurized high temperature fuel cell power plant with bottoming cycle |
US4090012A (en) | 1977-05-05 | 1978-05-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Electrochemical heat engine |
US4197421A (en) | 1978-08-17 | 1980-04-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Synthetic carbonaceous fuels and feedstocks |
IT1121523B (it) | 1979-05-29 | 1986-04-02 | Snam Progetti | Procedimento per l'accumulo e la produzione di energia mediante stoccaggio di metalli alcalini |
US4478699A (en) | 1980-05-09 | 1984-10-23 | Yeda Research & Development Company, Ltd. | Photosynthetic solar energy collector and process for its use |
US4420381A (en) | 1981-02-26 | 1983-12-13 | Alcan International Limited | Electrolytic method and cell for metal production |
US4529488A (en) | 1982-06-29 | 1985-07-16 | Nippon Gohsei Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Process for depositing salts |
DE3246070A1 (de) | 1982-12-13 | 1984-06-14 | Helmut Prof. Dr. 7400 Tübingen Metzner | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur reduktion, insbesondere methanisierung von kohlendioxid |
US4609451A (en) | 1984-03-27 | 1986-09-02 | Texaco Inc. | Means for reducing carbon dioxide to provide a product |
US4545872A (en) | 1984-03-27 | 1985-10-08 | Texaco Inc. | Method for reducing carbon dioxide to provide a product |
US4608132A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1986-08-26 | Texaco Inc. | Means and method for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to provide a product |
US4673473A (en) | 1985-06-06 | 1987-06-16 | Peter G. Pa Ang | Means and method for reducing carbon dioxide to a product |
US4756806A (en) | 1987-06-18 | 1988-07-12 | Gas Research Institute | Hybrid thermoelectrochemical synthesis of gaseous fuels from water and carbon dioxide |
US4804448A (en) | 1987-06-24 | 1989-02-14 | Eltron Research, Inc. | Apparatus for simultaneous generation of alkali metal species and oxygen gas |
US4841731A (en) | 1988-01-06 | 1989-06-27 | Electrical Generation Technology, Inc. | Electrical energy production apparatus |
US4897167A (en) | 1988-08-19 | 1990-01-30 | Gas Research Institute | Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CH4 and C2 H4 |
US5232793A (en) | 1989-09-19 | 1993-08-03 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Method of and apparatus for utilizing and recovering co2 in combustion exhaust gas |
US5246551A (en) | 1992-02-11 | 1993-09-21 | Chemetics International Company Ltd. | Electrochemical methods for production of alkali metal hydroxides without the co-production of chlorine |
IL108506A (en) | 1994-02-01 | 1997-06-10 | Yeda Res & Dev | Solar energy plant |
US6253578B1 (en) | 1996-04-12 | 2001-07-03 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Glass melting process and apparatus with reduced emissions and refractory corrosion |
JPH108280A (ja) | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-13 | Furukawa Battery Co Ltd:The | 化合物の製造方法 |
WO1999045607A1 (en) | 1998-03-03 | 1999-09-10 | Celltech Power, Llc | A carbon-oxygen electricity-generating unit |
US6565733B1 (en) | 1998-12-18 | 2003-05-20 | Corus Aluminium Walzprodukte Gmbh | Method and apparatus for the production of aluminium |
US6471834B2 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2002-10-29 | A. Nicholas Roe | Photo-assisted electrolysis apparatus |
US7004247B2 (en) | 2001-04-24 | 2006-02-28 | Shell Oil Company | Conductor-in-conduit heat sources for in situ thermal processing of an oil shale formation |
GB0222382D0 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2002-11-06 | Qinetiq Ltd | Improved process for removing oxygen from metal oxides by electrolysis in a fused salt |
NO318012B1 (no) | 2003-03-17 | 2005-01-17 | Norsk Hydro As | Strukturelle elementer for benyttelse i en elektrolysecelle |
JP3725145B2 (ja) | 2003-07-14 | 2005-12-07 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | 溶融塩電解浴の制御装置及びその制御方法 |
US7459065B2 (en) | 2004-02-18 | 2008-12-02 | General Motors Corporation | Hydrogen generator photovoltaic electrolysis reactor system |
US7241950B2 (en) | 2004-03-03 | 2007-07-10 | Gas Technology Institute | Solar cell electrolysis of water to make hydrogen and oxygen |
AU2005246876A1 (en) | 2004-05-19 | 2005-12-01 | Sri International | Liquid anode electrochemical cell |
US7252901B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2007-08-07 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Conversion of raw carbonaceous fuels |
CN101657568B (zh) | 2005-10-13 | 2013-05-08 | 曼得拉能源替代有限公司 | 二氧化碳的持续并流电化学还原 |
NO20054895L (no) * | 2005-10-21 | 2007-04-23 | Norsk Hydro As | Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av karbonmaterialer |
JP4872364B2 (ja) | 2006-02-01 | 2012-02-08 | ソニー株式会社 | 液体移動装置 |
US8365529B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2013-02-05 | United Technologies Corporation | High temperature molten salt receiver |
JP5367575B2 (ja) | 2006-09-28 | 2013-12-11 | ビー−ポッズ・ホールディングス・プロプライエタリー・リミテッド | 太陽エネルギー収集装置 |
US20080135403A1 (en) | 2006-12-11 | 2008-06-12 | Jang Bor Z | Home hydrogen fueling station |
US7645931B2 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2010-01-12 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Apparatus to reduce the cost of renewable hydrogen fuel generation by electrolysis using combined solar and grid power |
CN101981744A (zh) | 2007-04-03 | 2011-02-23 | 新空能量公司 | 用于产生可再生氢并截留二氧化碳的电化学系统、装置和方法 |
US20090016948A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 | 2009-01-15 | Young Edgar D | Carbon and fuel production from atmospheric CO2 and H2O by artificial photosynthesis and method of operation thereof |
JP5144755B2 (ja) | 2007-07-13 | 2013-02-13 | ユニバーシティ オブ サザン カリフォルニア | メタノール製造のための水媒体中の二酸化炭素の一酸化炭素及び水素への電気分解 |
FR2919618B1 (fr) | 2007-08-02 | 2009-11-13 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Electrolyseur haute temperature et haute pression a fonctionnement allothermique et forte capacite de production |
US8152988B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2012-04-10 | Energy & Enviromental Research Center Foundation | Electrochemical process for the preparation of nitrogen fertilizers |
CA2700732A1 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2009-04-23 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Cryogenic treatment of gas |
US7910258B2 (en) | 2008-04-09 | 2011-03-22 | Hce, Llc | Natural gas direct carbon fuel cell |
US20100000874A1 (en) | 2008-06-24 | 2010-01-07 | Sundrop Fuels, Inc. | Various methods and apparatus for solar assisted fuel production |
BRPI0914492A2 (pt) | 2008-10-30 | 2015-10-27 | Power Generation Technologies Dev Fund L P | "dispositivo, toroide de combustão, câmara de combustão, método, câmara de combustão toroidal, lúmen, primeira superfície, segunda superfície, etapa de separação, etapa de moldagem, etapa de liberação, moldagem e catálise" |
CA2742755C (en) | 2008-11-06 | 2015-10-20 | Yeda Research And Development Co. Ltd. | Methods and apparatus of electrochemical production of carbon monoxide, and uses thereof |
US9758881B2 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2017-09-12 | The George Washington University | Process for electrosynthesis of energetic molecules |
NO330584B1 (no) | 2009-05-28 | 2011-05-23 | Univ For Miljo Og Biovitenskap Inst For Mat Realfag Og Teknologi | CO2-innfanging i saltsmelter |
CN102895847A (zh) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 武汉大学 | 一种co2捕集并资源化的方法 |
US9297082B2 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2016-03-29 | The George Washington University | Process for synthesis of calcium oxide |
US20160016805A1 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2016-01-21 | Cambridge Enterprise Limited | Method for producing synthetic diamonds |
CN107849706A (zh) | 2015-02-26 | 2018-03-27 | 乔治华盛顿大学 | 制备碳纳米纤维的方法和系统 |
-
2016
- 2016-02-26 CN CN201680023833.7A patent/CN107849706A/zh active Pending
- 2016-02-26 EP EP16756506.8A patent/EP3261988B1/en active Active
- 2016-02-26 EP EP23174231.3A patent/EP4235054A3/en active Pending
- 2016-02-26 WO PCT/US2016/019918 patent/WO2016138469A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-02-26 US US15/553,720 patent/US10730751B2/en active Active
- 2016-02-26 JP JP2017545590A patent/JP7085838B2/ja active Active
- 2016-02-26 CN CN202311584979.7A patent/CN117926282A/zh active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-06-09 JP JP2021096785A patent/JP2021152220A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140202874A1 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-24 | Saratoga Energy Research Partners, LLC | Electrolytic generation of graphite |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN117926282A (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
CN107849706A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
WO2016138469A1 (en) | 2016-09-01 |
US10730751B2 (en) | 2020-08-04 |
US20180044183A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
EP3261988A4 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
JP2018513911A (ja) | 2018-05-31 |
EP3261988A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
EP3261988C0 (en) | 2023-07-26 |
EP4235054A2 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
EP3261988B1 (en) | 2023-07-26 |
EP4235054A3 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
JP2021152220A (ja) | 2021-09-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7085838B2 (ja) | カーボンナノファイバー製造のための方法及びシステム | |
US11402130B2 (en) | Methods and systems for carbon nanofiber production | |
Singh et al. | Material-based generation, storage, and utilisation of hydrogen | |
Crabtree et al. | The hydrogen fuel alternative | |
Zhang et al. | Thermo-chemical conversion of carbonaceous wastes for CNT and hydrogen production: a review | |
Lang et al. | A review on hydrogen production: methods, materials and nanotechnology | |
WO2011116141A2 (en) | Clean steel production process using carbon-free renewable energy source | |
JP3108079B2 (ja) | 燃料電池、炭酸ガス固定複合発電方法 | |
Ozalp et al. | An overview of direct carbon fuel cells and their promising potential on coupling with solar thermochemical carbon production | |
Deng et al. | Construction of S-scheme Zn0. 2Cd0. 8S/biochar aerogel architectures for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen production under sunlight irradiation | |
Lobato et al. | Impact of carbonaceous particles concentration in a nanofluidic electrolyte for vanadium redox flow batteries | |
Norouzi et al. | Heavy oil thermal conversion and refinement to the green petroleum: a petrochemical refinement plant using the sustainable formic acid for the process | |
Zhu et al. | Overview of CO 2 capture and electrolysis technology in molten salts: operational parameters and their effects | |
Onwuemezie et al. | Integrated solar-driven hydrogen generation by pyrolysis and electrolysis coupled with carbon capture and Rankine cycle | |
Zhang et al. | Coal chemistry industry: from production of liquid fuels to fine chemicals to carbon materials | |
Azizimehr et al. | A comprehensive review of recent developments in hydrogen production methods using a new parameter | |
Dipta et al. | Recent advances and perspectives in carbon nanotube production from the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide | |
Guan et al. | Hierarchical VSe2-doped NiCoSex yolk-shelled porous prisms as enhanced bifunctional catalytic materials for highly efficient photovoltaics and hydrogen evolution | |
Licht | Carbon nanofibers, precious commodities from sunlight & CO2 to ameliorate global warming, and supplement: Carbon nanofibers (from fossil fuel) electric power plants | |
Licht et al. | Carbon nanofibers, precious commodities from sunlight & CO2 to ameliorate global warming | |
Han et al. | Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Solid Carbon: Development, Challenges, and Perspectives | |
Johnson et al. | Carbon Nanotube Wools Directly from CO2 By Molten Electrolysis Value Driven Pathways to Carbon Dioxide Greenhouse Gas Mitigation | |
AU2021442353B2 (en) | Method and system for nanomaterial production | |
Licht | STEP: Efficient Carbon Capture and Solar Thermal Electrochemical Production of ammonia, fuels, cement, carbon nanotubes, metals and bleach | |
Väisänen | High temperature electrolysis of carbon dioxide |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20181203 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20181203 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20191210 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20191217 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20200226 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20200501 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20200617 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20200714 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20201002 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20201202 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210113 |
|
A02 | Decision of refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A02 Effective date: 20210209 |
|
A711 | Notification of change in applicant |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711 Effective date: 20210528 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20210607 |
|
C60 | Trial request (containing other claim documents, opposition documents) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C60 Effective date: 20210607 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A821 Effective date: 20210528 |
|
A911 | Transfer to examiner for re-examination before appeal (zenchi) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A911 Effective date: 20210714 |
|
C21 | Notice of transfer of a case for reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C21 Effective date: 20210720 |
|
A912 | Re-examination (zenchi) completed and case transferred to appeal board |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A912 Effective date: 20210924 |
|
C211 | Notice of termination of reconsideration by examiners before appeal proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C211 Effective date: 20210928 |
|
C22 | Notice of designation (change) of administrative judge |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C22 Effective date: 20211221 |
|
C23 | Notice of termination of proceedings |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C23 Effective date: 20220405 |
|
C03 | Trial/appeal decision taken |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C03 Effective date: 20220510 |
|
C30A | Notification sent |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: C3012 Effective date: 20220510 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20220607 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7085838 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
S531 | Written request for registration of change of domicile |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R313531 |
|
R350 | Written notification of registration of transfer |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R350 |