JP7047885B1 - 調光シート - Google Patents
調光シート Download PDFInfo
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- JP7047885B1 JP7047885B1 JP2020189124A JP2020189124A JP7047885B1 JP 7047885 B1 JP7047885 B1 JP 7047885B1 JP 2020189124 A JP2020189124 A JP 2020189124A JP 2020189124 A JP2020189124 A JP 2020189124A JP 7047885 B1 JP7047885 B1 JP 7047885B1
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- dimming
- layer
- transparent
- liquid crystal
- dimming sheet
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- ZMZHRHTZJDBLEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-phenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical class C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMZHRHTZJDBLEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YCPMSWJCWKUXRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[9-[4-(2-prop-2-enoyloxyethoxy)phenyl]fluoren-9-yl]phenoxy]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OCCOC(=O)C=C)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(OCCOC(=O)C=C)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 YCPMSWJCWKUXRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl carbamate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.CCOC(N)=O UHESRSKEBRADOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 benzoic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1(O)CCCCC1 QNODIIQQMGDSEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002262 Schiff base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-prop-2-enoyloxy-2-(prop-2-enoyloxymethyl)propyl] prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C HVVWZTWDBSEWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005337 azoxy group Chemical group [N+]([O-])(=N*)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C1=CC=CC=C1 IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133502—Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
- G02F1/13345—Network or three-dimensional gels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
- G02F1/13392—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers dispersed on the cell substrate, e.g. spherical particles, microfibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
- G02F1/13398—Spacer materials; Spacer properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/13439—Electrodes characterised by their electrical, optical, physical properties; materials therefor; method of making
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
- G02F1/13347—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals working in reverse mode, i.e. clear in the off-state and scattering in the on-state
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
Abstract
Description
[調光シート]
調光シートは、車両が備える窓に嵌め込まれた透明部材に取り付けられる。透明部材は、例えば、ウィンドシールドガラス、サイドウィンドウガラス、リヤウィンドウガラス、および、ルーフガラスなどであってよい。調光シートは、透明部材の形状に追従することが可能な可撓性を有している。そのため、調光シートが透明部材に貼り付けられている状態において、調光シートは曲面状を有してよい。調光シートの型式は、ノーマル型であってもよいし、リバース型であってもよい。
(条件1)透明高分子層12Aの屈折率と、スペーサー13の屈折率との差が、0.04以下である。
表1を参照して実施例および比較例を説明する。なお、以下に説明する実施例および比較例では、以下に記載の第1モノマーから第7モノマーのうち、複数のモノマーによって透明樹脂層を形成した。
・第1モノマー アクリル酸ヘキシル(屈折率1.428)
・第2モノマー アクリル酸ドデシル(屈折率1.443)
・第3モノマー エトキシ化o‐フェニルフェノールアクリレート(屈折率1.577)
・第4モノマー シクロヘキシルアクリレート(屈折率1.460)
・第5モノマー ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート(屈折率1.480)
・第6モノマー 9,9‐ビス[4‐(2‐アクリロイルオキシエトキシ)フェニル]フルオレン(屈折率1.622)
・第7モノマー ウレタンアクリレート(サートマー・ジャパン(株)製、CN962)(屈折率1.482)
調光層を形成するための塗液における全固形分量に対して、液晶(メルク社製、MNC‐6609)を50質量%、第1モノマーを9質量%、第4モノマーを18質量%、第5モノマーを6質量%、第7モノマーを15質量%に設定した。これにより、塗液のうちで、透明樹脂層を形成する材料が硬化された状態での屈折率を1.50に調整した。また、塗液における全固形分量に対して、重合開始剤(IGM Resins社製、Omnirad 184(Irgacure 184))(OmniradおよびIrgacureは登録商標)を1質量%、PMMA製のスペーサー(早川ゴム(株)製、SD‐BD15)(屈折率1.50)を1質量%に設定した。
実施例1において、塗液の組成を以下のように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、実施例2の調光シートを得た。すなわち、塗液における全固形分量に対して、第2モノマーを9質量%、第4モノマーを18質量%、第5モノマーを6質量%、第7モノマーを15質量%に設定した。これにより、透明樹脂層を形成する材料が硬化された状態での屈折率を1.51に調整した。
実施例1において用いたスペーサーとは異なる直径を有したスペーサー(早川ゴム(株)製、SD‐BD17)(屈折率1.50)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、実施例3の調光シートを得た。
実施例3において、塗液の組成を以下のように変更した以外は、実施例3と同様の方法によって、実施例4の調光シートを得た。すなわち、塗液における全固形分量に対して、第3モノマーを9質量%、第4モノマーを18質量%、第6モノマーを6質量%、第7モノマーを15質量%に設定した。これにより、透明樹脂層を形成する材料が硬化された状態での屈折率を1.55に調整した。
実施例4において、ジビニルベンゼン共重合体製のスペーサー(積水化学(株)製、SP‐215)(屈折率1.57)を用いた以外は、実施例4と同様の方法によって、比較例1の調光シートを得た。
実施例1において、ジビニルベンゼン共重合体製のスペーサー(積水化学(株)製、SP‐215)(屈折率1.57)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法によって、比較例2の調光シートを得た。
各調光シートについて、透明状態でのヘイズを測定した。この際に、JIS K 7136:2000に準拠した方法を用いて、調光シートのヘイズを測定した。また、調光シートにおけるヘイズの値が飽和する電圧を一対の透明電極層間に印加したときのヘイズを透明状態でのヘイズとして測定した。その後、各調光シートを110℃に維持された空間内に720時間にわたって静置することによって、各調光シートに対する加速試験を行った。そして、加速試験後の各調光シートについて、試験前と同様の方法によって透明状態でのヘイズを測定した。
加速試験前と加速試験後の各々においてヘイズを測定した結果は、以下の表2に示す通りであった。なお、液晶を除いた組成においてモノマーを硬化させた場合に得られる透明高分子層の屈折率は、液状体での屈折率よりも0.04だけ高いことが認められている。液晶を含む組成においてモノマーを硬化させた場合においても液晶と分離された状態でモノマーの硬化が進むため得られる透明高分子層の屈折率は液状体での屈折率よりも0.04だけ高いと推定される。
(1)スペーサー13が、飽和炭化水素によって構成されたPMMAによって形成されるから、高温な環境において、調光シート10N,10Rが有する光学特性の劣化が抑えられる。したがって、調光シート10N,10Rの信頼性が高められる。
11A…第1透明電極層
11B…第2透明電極層
12…調光層
13…スペーサー
14A…第1透明基材
14B…第2透明基材
15A…第1配向層
15B…第2配向層
Claims (4)
- ヘイズの値が6%以下であり、観測対象の輪郭を調光シートを通して視覚認識可能とする透明状態と、前記観測対象の前記輪郭を前記調光シートを通して視覚認識不能とする白濁した状態である不透明状態とを有するように構成された前記調光シートであって、
第1透明電極層と、
第2透明電極層と、
前記第1透明電極層と前記第2透明電極層とに挟まれた調光層であって、複数の空隙を含む透明高分子層と、各空隙に充填され、液晶分子を含む液晶組成物とを含む前記調光層と、
前記調光層のなかに位置する複数のスペーサーと、を備え、
各スペーサーは、ポリメタクリル酸メチル樹脂によって形成され、
前記透明高分子層は、2種以上の単位構造が重合した高分子によって形成され、三次元の網目状を有し、
前記2種以上の単位構造は、芳香環を含む単位構造を2種以上含み、
前記調光層は、単位体積当たりにおいて40質量%以上60質量%以下の前記透明高分子層を含む
調光シート。 - 前記芳香環を含む単位構造は、エトキシ化o‐フェニルフェノールアクリレートに由来する単位構造、および、9,9‐ビス[4‐(2‐アクリロイルオキシエトキシ)フェニル]フルオレンに由来する単位構造を含む
請求項1に記載の調光シート。 - 前記スペーサーの屈折率が、1.5であり、
前記透明高分子層の屈折率と、前記スペーサーの屈折率との差が、0.04以下である
請求項1または2に記載の調光シート。 - 前記透明高分子層は、シクロヘキシルアクリレートに由来する単位構造、および、ウレタンアクリレートに由来する単位構造をさらに含む
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の調光シート。
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JP2005326801A (ja) | 2003-09-24 | 2005-11-24 | Sharp Corp | 液晶表示装置 |
JP2015503773A (ja) | 2011-12-29 | 2015-02-02 | サン−ゴバン グラス フランス | 液晶による可変の散乱を有する複層グレージング |
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