JP7030358B2 - パーキンソン病バイオマーカーとしてのmiRNA及びこれを用いた診断キット - Google Patents
パーキンソン病バイオマーカーとしてのmiRNA及びこれを用いた診断キット Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)被検者から取得したサンプル中に含まれたmiR-494-3p、miR-501-5p、miR-1244、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAの発現量を正常群サンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量と比較する段階;及び
(b)前記被検者のサンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量が正常群サンプル中に含まれたmiRNAの発現量よりも減少した場合、パーキンソン病と診断する段階。
(a)被検者から取得したサンプル中に含まれたmiR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAの発現量を正常群サンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量と比較する段階;及び
(b)前記被検者のサンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量が正常群サンプル中に含まれたmiRNAの発現量よりも増加した場合、パーキンソン病と診断する段階。
(a)被検者から取得したサンプル中に含まれたmiR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAの発現量を正常群サンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量と比較する段階;及び
(b)前記被検者のサンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量が正常群サンプル中に含まれたmiRNAの発現量よりも増加した場合、パーキンソン病と診断する段階。
(i)miR-494-3p、miR-501-5p、miR-1244、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が下向き調節(down-regulation)される場合、パーキンソン病誘発物質と判断する段階。
(i)miR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が上向き調節(up-regulation)される場合、パーキンソン病誘発物質と判断する段階。
(i)miR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が上向き調節(up-regulation)される場合、パーキンソン病誘発物質と判断する段階。
(i)miR-494-3p、miR-501-5p、miR-1244、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が上向き調節(up-regulation)される場合、パーキンソン病治療剤と判断する段階。
(i)miR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が下向き調節(down-regulation)される場合、パーキンソン病治療剤と判断する段階。
(i)miR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が下向き調節(down-regulation)される場合、パーキンソン病治療剤と判断する段階。
(i)本発明は、パーキンソン病の診断のための情報を提供する方法を提供する。
1.SH-SY5Y細胞培養
C57BL/6SH-SY5Y神経芽細胞(neuroblast cell)は、熱非働化ウシ胎児血清(heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum)(GIBCO,MD,USA)が最終濃度10%となるように添加されたDMEM(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium,Invitrogen,MD,USA)培地を用いて、37℃湿潤5% CO2チャンバー内で培養した(Jang,S.-W.,Oh,M.-S.,Yang,S.I.& Cho,E.-M.Gene expression profiles of human neuroblastoma cells exposed to CuO nanoparticles and Cu ions.BioChip Journal 10,140-149(2016))。そして、6-ヒドロキシドーパミン(6-hydroxy dopamine,Sigma-Aldrich,St.Louis,MO,USA)は、PBS(phosphate buffered saline)に溶かして-80℃に保管しながら、使用の度に、分注された培地の試薬を使用し、特に光に注意(light sensitive)した。
細胞の生存に関する観察のためには安定したテトラゾリウム塩(stable tetrazolium salt)WST-1アッセイ(Sigma-Aldrich,St.Louis,MO,USA)を使用したが、SH-SY5Y細胞を96-ウェルプレートの各ウェルに5000cellsにして6-ヒドロキシドーパミン(6OHDA、25μM、24h)を処置した。単にPBSを処置した対照群と比較し、実験終了2時間前にWST-1溶液を10μl/ウェル添加して37℃チャンバー内培養した。実験終了後、450nmで変化した色を測定して確認した。
6OHDA(25μM、24h)が処理されたSH-SY5Y細胞株のtotal RNAは、Trizol reagentを使用して分離した。その方法は、メーカーの勧告方法にそのまま従った(Invitrogen,California,USA)。分離されたRNAの総量と純度はNanoDrop ND-2000spectrophotometer(Nano Drop,Delaware,USA)を用いて260/280nm(比率1.8~2.0)比率を基準に測定した(Kim,G.W.e.a.Integrative analyses of differential gene expression and DNA methylation of ethylbenzene-exposed workers.BioChip Journal 9,259-267(2015))。
miRNA発現プロファイリング分析のためにAffymetrix miRNA4.0アレイ(Lee,S.E.e.a.Identification and characterization of MicroRNAs in acrolein-stimulated endothelial cells:Implications for vascular disease..BioChip Journal 9,144-155(2015))を使用し、マイクロアレイデータ(microarray data)はGEO(Gene Expression Omnibus)データベースを用いて分析した。
miRNA発現の様相に基づくmiRNAターゲット遺伝子の予測のために、TargetScan6.2 DBを活用し、miRanda algorithm(Kim,G.W.et al.Integrative analyses of differential gene expression and DNA methylation of ethylbenzene-exposed workers.BioChip Journal 9,259-267(2015))に従った。また、最も頻繁に多量で発現変化を示すmiRNAターゲットは、GOカテゴリー(Gene Ontology categories)(http://www.geneontology.org/)(Cho,H.et al.A relationship between miRNA and gene expression in the mouse Sertoli cell line after exposure to bisphenol A.BioChip Journal 4,75-81(2010);Jeong,S.I.et al.MicroRNA microarray analysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to benzo(a)pyrene.BioChip Journal 6,191-196(2012);Park,H.R.,Lee,S.E.,Yang,H.,Son,G.W.& Park,Y.S.Functional screening of altered microRNA expression in 3-methylcholanthrene-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells.BioChip Journal 8,260-268(2014);Park,J.H.et al.Expression profiles of miRNAs during ethanol-induced differentiation of neural stem cells.BioChip Journal 6,73-83(2012))を用いて再確認した。log2倍率変化(log2 fold change)に基づいて、発現の増減が目立つ順序でmiRを選別した。
6-OHDA(Sigma,St.Louis,USA)による毒性がドーパミン性神経細胞にのみ影響を与え得るようにノルアドレナリン運搬体ブロッカー(noradrenalin transporter blocker)であるデシプラミン(desipramine)(12.5mg/kg;Sigma,St.Louis,USA)を、6-OHDAを注入する30分前に実験動物に腹腔で注入した。ケタミン(Ketamine)(40mg/kg)とキシラジン(xylazine)(5mg/kg)混合液を腹腔注射して実験動物が深い麻酔状態に入ると呼吸麻酔し、脳定位装置(David KOPF instrument.,CA,USA)に固定し、頭の皮膚を切開して頭骨を露出させた後、頭頂点を確認し、それを基点にして裏側に1.1mm、右に1.2mm移動した地点に、歯科用ドリルを用いて小さな穴をあけた。穴から腹部側に5.0mm地点まで26ゲージ針を挿入して右側の内側前脳束(medial forebrain bundle;MFB)に位置させた。5μLのハミルトンシリンジ(Hamilton syringe)を用いて0.1%アスコルビン酸(ascorbic acid)を溶かした6-OHDA 2μL(2.5μg/μL)を注入ポンプ(Infusion pump)(Harvard Apparatus.,USA)を用いて0.5μL/minの速度で注入した。別の5μLのハミルトンシリンジを用いて5uL実験物質miRNAを0.5μL/minの速度で注入し、注入完了して5分をさらに待ってからハミルトンシリンジを除去し、皮膚を縫合した。左側は内部対照群(internal control)として使用するために何にも注入しなかった。実験動物をケタミン(70mg/kg)とキシラジン(8mg/kg)との混合液で麻酔した後、心臓を通じて4%パラホルムアルデヒド(paraformaldehyde)(0.1Mリン酸緩衝液内、pH7.4)で貫流固定して脳組織を摘出した。
1.PDモデルの細胞の死滅段階で減少したmiR
前記発現の増減が目立つmiRNAのうち、PDモデルの細胞の死滅段階で発現の減少が最も目立つmiRは、図1の通りである。このうち、miR494-3pはまだパーキンソン病関連報告がない状態であり、顕著な減少が毎実験ごとに反復して現れた。その他にも、対数比(log ratio)を基準に-2.0(30%)以上の減少を示したmiRを図1に列挙した。また、その中、miR-1244は、バイオインフォマティクスデータ解析(bioinformatic data analysis)の結果、‘TBC1ドメインファミリーメンバー2B(TBC1 domain family member 2B)’というタンパク質をターゲティングするものと分析された。ここで重要な点は、パーキンソン病における神経細胞死滅で特異的に現れる遺伝子と知られたいずれか一つをターゲティングする根本的な調節子としてのmiRNAを見出したことである(A Network View on Parkinson’s Disease,Comput Struct Biotechnol J.2013;7:e201304004)。
前記発現の増減が目立つmiRNAのうち、PDモデルの細胞の死滅段階で発現の増加が最も目立つmiRは、図2の通りである。
前記発現の増減が目立つmiRNAの配列情報は、次の通りである:
PDモデルの細胞の死滅段階で発現の減少が最も目立つmiRNAは、hsa-miR-494-3p(配列目録第1配列:UGAAACAUACACGGGAAACCUC)、hsa-miR-1244(配列目録第2配列:AAGUAGUUGGUUUGUAUGAGAUGGUU)、hsa-miR-6768-5p(配列目録第3配列:CACACAGGAAAAGCGGGGCCCUG)、hsa-miR-4324(配列目録第4配列:CCCUGAGACCCUAACCUUAA)、hsa-miR-4726-5p(配列目録第5配列:AGGGCCAGAGGAGCCUGGAGUGG)及びhsa-miR-501-5p(配列目録第6配列:AAUCCUUUGUCCCUGGGUGAGA)である。
脳の効能評価は、パーキンソン病の主要病変となる黒質緻密部の細胞生存率をH&E染色で確認比較した。
図3~図9から確認できるように、6-OHDAのみ注入された内部対照群(internal control)(図3)において神経細胞死滅だけでなく、組織の変形によってその大きさが過度に収縮しているのに対し、miR494-3p(図4)、miR1244(図5)、miR4324(図6)、miR4726-5p(図7)、miR6768-5p(図8)又はmiR501-5p(図9)を投与した実験群では神経細胞が生きていることが確認された。このことから、本発明のmiRNAが神経細胞死滅作用を防御するのに優れた効果を有すると証明された。
Claims (8)
- 下記の段階を含むパーキンソン病の診断のための情報を提供する方法:
(a)被検者から取得したサンプル中に含まれたmiR-494-3p、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAの発現量を正常群サンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量と比較する段階;及び
(b)前記被検者のサンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量が正常群サンプル中に含まれたmiRNAの発現量よりも減少したことを確認する段階。 - 前記方法は、下記の段階をさらに含むことを特徴とするパーキンソン病の診断のための情報を提供する、請求項1に記載の方法:
(a)被検者から取得したサンプル中に含まれたmiR-1226-5p、miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAの発現量を正常群サンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量と比較する段階;及び
(b)前記被検者のサンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量が正常群サンプル中に含まれたmiRNAの発現量よりも増加したことを確認する段階。 - 下記の段階を含むパーキンソン病の診断のための情報を提供する方法:
(a)被検者から取得したサンプル中に含まれたmiR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAの発現量を正常群サンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量と比較する段階;及び
(b)前記被検者のサンプル中に含まれた前記miRNAの発現量が正常群サンプル中に含まれたmiRNAの発現量よりも増加したことを確認する段階。 - 下記の段階を含むパーキンソン病誘発物質のスクリーニング方法:
(i)miR-494-3p、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が下向き調節(down-regulation)される場合、前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質をパーキンソン病誘発物質と判断する段階。 - 下記の段階を含むパーキンソン病誘発物質のスクリーニング方法:
(i)miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が上向き調節(up-regulation)される場合、前記パーキンソン病誘発候補物質をパーキンソン病誘発物質と判断する段階。 - 下記の段階を含むパーキンソン病治療剤のスクリーニング方法:
(i)miR-494-3p、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が上向き調節(up-regulation)される場合、前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質をパーキンソン病治療剤と判断する段階。 - 下記の段階を含むパーキンソン病治療剤のスクリーニング方法:
(i)miR-4767及びmiR-3064-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを発現する細胞にパーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理し、該細胞から前記miRNAの発現量を確認する段階;及び
(ii)前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質を処理した細胞において前記miRNAの発現量が下向き調節(down-regulation)される場合、前記パーキンソン病治療剤候補物質をパーキンソン病治療剤と判断する段階。 - miR-494-3p、miR-6768-5p、miR-4324及びmiR-4726-5pから構成された群から選ばれる1つ又はそれ以上のmiRNAを有効成分として含むパーキンソン病の予防又は治療用薬剤学的組成物。
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