JP7009027B2 - Wafer processing method - Google Patents

Wafer processing method Download PDF

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JP7009027B2
JP7009027B2 JP2017172836A JP2017172836A JP7009027B2 JP 7009027 B2 JP7009027 B2 JP 7009027B2 JP 2017172836 A JP2017172836 A JP 2017172836A JP 2017172836 A JP2017172836 A JP 2017172836A JP 7009027 B2 JP7009027 B2 JP 7009027B2
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wafer
sealing material
cutting groove
sealing
alignment
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JP2019050249A (en
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克彦 鈴木
祐人 伴
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Disco Corp
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Disco Corp
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Priority to JP2017172836A priority Critical patent/JP7009027B2/en
Priority to KR1020180103486A priority patent/KR102581129B1/en
Priority to CN201811035733.3A priority patent/CN109473349B/en
Priority to DE102018215246.2A priority patent/DE102018215246A1/en
Priority to TW107131418A priority patent/TWI797156B/en
Priority to SG10201807743WA priority patent/SG10201807743WA/en
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Description

本発明は、ウェーハを加工して５Ｓモールドパッケージを形成するウェーハの加工方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for processing a wafer to form a 5S mold package by processing the wafer.

ＬＳＩやＮＡＮＤ型フラッシュメモリ等の各種デバイスの小型化及び高密度実装化を実現する構造として、例えばデバイスチップをチップサイズでパッケージ化したチップサイズパッケージ（ＣＳＰ）が実用に供され、携帯電話やスマートフォン等に広く使用されている。更に、近年はこのＣＳＰの中で、チップの表面のみならず全側面を封止材で封止したＣＳＰ、所謂５Ｓモールドパッケージが開発され実用化されている。 As a structure that realizes miniaturization and high-density mounting of various devices such as LSI and NAND flash memory, for example, a chip size package (CSP) in which a device chip is packaged in a chip size is put into practical use, and a mobile phone or a smartphone is used. It is widely used for such purposes. Further, in recent years, in this CSP, a CSP in which not only the surface of the chip but also all the side surfaces are sealed with a sealing material, a so-called 5S mold package, has been developed and put into practical use.

従来の５Ｓモールドパッケージは、以下の工程によって製作されている。
（１）半導体ウェーハ（以下、ウェーハと略称することがある）の表面にデバイス（回路）及びバンプと呼ばれる外部接続端子を形成する。
（２）ウェーハの表面側から分割予定ラインに沿ってウェーハを切削し、デバイスチップの仕上がり厚さに相当する深さの切削溝を形成する。
（３）ウェーハの表面をカーボンブラック入りの封止材で封止する。
（４）ウェーハの裏面側をデバイスチップの仕上がり厚さまで研削して切削溝中の封止材を露出させる。
（５）ウェーハの表面はカーボンブラック入りの封止材で封止されているため、ウェーハ表面の外周部分の封止材を除去してターゲットパターン等のアライメントマークを露出させ、このアライメントマークに基づいて切削すべき分割予定ラインを検出するアライメントを実施する。
（６）アライメントに基づいて、ウェーハの表面側から分割予定ラインに沿ってウェーハを切削して、表面及び全側面が封止材で封止された５Ｓモールドパッケージに分割する。 The conventional 5S mold package is manufactured by the following process.
(1) External connection terminals called devices (circuits) and bumps are formed on the surface of a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as a wafer).
(2) The wafer is cut from the surface side of the wafer along the planned division line to form a cutting groove having a depth corresponding to the finished thickness of the device chip.
(3) The surface of the wafer is sealed with a sealing material containing carbon black.
(4) The back surface side of the wafer is ground to the finished thickness of the device chip to expose the sealing material in the cutting groove.
(5) Since the surface of the wafer is sealed with a sealing material containing carbon black, the sealing material on the outer peripheral portion of the wafer surface is removed to expose the alignment mark such as the target pattern, and the alignment mark is used as the basis. Alignment is performed to detect the planned division line to be cut.
(6) Based on the alignment, the wafer is cut from the surface side of the wafer along the planned division line, and the wafer is divided into 5S mold packages whose surface and all side surfaces are sealed with a sealing material.

上述したように、ウェーハの表面はカーボンブラックを含む封止材で封止されているため、ウェーハ表面に形成されているデバイス等は肉眼では全く見ることはできない。この問題を解決してアライメントを可能とするため、上記（５）で記載したように、ウェーハ表面の封止材の外周部分を除去してターゲットパターン等のアライメントマークを露出させ、このアライメントマークに基づいて切削すべき分割予定ラインを検出してアライメントを実行する技術を本出願人は開発した（特開２０１３－０７４０２１号公報及び特開２０１６－０１５４３８号公報参照）。 As described above, since the surface of the wafer is sealed with a sealing material containing carbon black, the devices and the like formed on the surface of the wafer cannot be seen with the naked eye at all. In order to solve this problem and enable alignment, as described in (5) above, the outer peripheral portion of the encapsulant on the wafer surface is removed to expose the alignment mark such as the target pattern, and this alignment mark is used. Based on this, the applicant has developed a technique for detecting a planned division line to be cut and performing alignment (see JP2013-074021A and JP2016-015438).

特開２０１３－０７４０２１号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-074021 特開２０１６－０１５４３８号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-015438

しかし、上記公開公報に記載されたアライメント方法では、ダイシング用の切削ブレードに替えてエッジトリミング用の幅の広い切削ブレードをスピンドルに装着してウェーハの外周部分の封止材を除去する工程が必要であり、切削ブレードの交換及びエッジトリミングにより外周部分の封止材を除去する手間が掛かり、生産性が悪いという問題がある。 However, the alignment method described in the above-mentioned publication requires a step of mounting a wide cutting blade for edge trimming on the spindle instead of the cutting blade for dicing and removing the encapsulant on the outer peripheral portion of the wafer. Therefore, there is a problem that it takes time and effort to remove the sealing material of the outer peripheral portion by replacing the cutting blade and trimming the edge, resulting in poor productivity.

本発明はこのような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とするところは、ウェーハ表面に被覆されたカーボンブラックを含む封止材を通してアライメント工程を実施可能なウェーハの加工方法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing a wafer in which an alignment step can be carried out through a sealing material containing carbon black coated on the wafer surface. That is.

本発明によると、交差して形成された複数の分割予定ラインによって区画された表面の各領域にそれぞれ複数のバンプを有するデバイスが形成されたウェーハの加工方法であって、該ウェーハの表面側から該分割予定ラインに沿って切削ブレードによってデバイスチップの仕上がり厚さに相当する深さの切削溝を形成する切削溝形成工程と、該切削溝形成工程を実施した後、該切削溝を含む該ウェーハの表面を封止材で封止する封止工程と、該封止工程を実施した後、該ウェーハの裏面側から該デバイスチップの仕上がり厚さまで該ウェーハを研削して該切削溝中の該封止材を露出させる研削工程と、該研削工程を実施した後、該ウェーハの表面側から赤外線撮像手段によって該封止材を透過してウェーハの表面側を撮像してアライメントマークを検出し、該アライメントマークに基づいてレーザー加工すべき該分割予定ラインを検出するアライメント工程と、該アライメント工程を実施した後、該封止材に対して透過性を有する波長のレーザービームの集光点を該切削溝中の該封止材の内部に位置付けて、該ウェーハの表面側から該分割予定ラインに沿ってレーザービームを照射して、該封止材の内部に改質層を形成する改質層形成工程と、該改質層形成工程を実施した後、該切削溝中の該封止材に外力を付与して該改質層を分割起点として該封止材によって表面及び４側面が囲繞された個々のデバイスチップに分割する分割工程と、を備え、該封止工程では、該赤外線撮像手段が受光する赤外線が透過するような透過性を有し、カーボンブラックを含む該封止材によって該ウェーハの表面が封止され、該カーボンブラックの含有率は、０．１質量％以上０．２質量％以下であることを特徴とするウェーハの加工方法が提供される。 According to the present invention, there is a method for processing a wafer in which a device having a plurality of bumps is formed in each region of a surface partitioned by a plurality of intersecting scheduled division lines, from the surface side of the wafer. A cutting groove forming step of forming a cutting groove having a depth corresponding to the finished thickness of the device chip by a cutting blade along the planned division line, and after performing the cutting groove forming step, the wafer including the cutting groove. After performing the sealing step of sealing the front surface of the wafer with a sealing material, the wafer is ground from the back surface side of the wafer to the finished thickness of the device chip, and the sealing in the cutting groove is performed. After performing the grinding step to expose the stop material and the grinding step, the alignment mark is detected by transmitting the sealing material from the surface side of the wafer through the sealing material and imaging the surface side of the wafer. An alignment step of detecting the planned split line to be laser-processed based on the alignment mark, and after performing the alignment step, the cutting point of the laser beam having a wavelength transparent to the encapsulant is cut. A modified layer is formed inside the encapsulant by irradiating a laser beam from the surface side of the wafer along the planned division line to form a modified layer inside the encapsulant. After performing the step and the modified layer forming step, an external force was applied to the sealing material in the cutting groove, and the surface and four side surfaces were surrounded by the sealing material with the modified layer as a split starting point. A split step of dividing into individual device chips is provided, and in the sealing step, the wafer has a transparency such that the infrared rays received by the infrared imaging means are transmitted, and the sealing material containing carbon black is used to transmit the wafer. A method for processing a wafer is provided, wherein the surface of the laser is sealed and the content of the carbon black is 0.1% by mass or more and 0.2% by mass or less .

好ましくは、アライメント工程で用いる赤外線撮像手段はＩｎＧａＡｓ撮像素子を含む。 Preferably, the infrared image pickup means used in the alignment step includes an InGaAs image pickup device.

本発明のウェーハの加工方法によると、赤外線撮像手段が受光する赤外線が透過するような封止材でウェーハの表面を封止し、赤外線撮像手段によって封止材を透過してウェーハに形成されたアライメントマークを検出し、アライメントマークに基づいてアライメントを実施できるようにしたので、従来のようにウェーハの表面の外周部分の封止材を除去することなく、簡単にアライメント工程を実施できる。 According to the wafer processing method of the present invention, the surface of the wafer is sealed with a sealing material that transmits infrared rays received by the infrared imaging means, and the sealing material is transmitted through the sealing material by the infrared imaging means to form the wafer. Since the alignment mark is detected and the alignment can be performed based on the alignment mark, the alignment process can be easily performed without removing the sealing material on the outer peripheral portion of the surface of the wafer as in the conventional case.

よって、封止材に対して透過性を有する波長のレーザービームの集光点を切削溝中の封止材の内部に位置付けて、ウェーハの表面側からレーザービームを照射して、切削溝中の封止材の内部に改質層を形成し、該改質層を分割起点としてウェーハを該封止材によって表面及び４側面が囲繞された個々のデバイスチップに分割することができる。 Therefore, the focusing point of the laser beam having a wavelength that is transparent to the encapsulant is positioned inside the encapsulant in the cutting groove, and the laser beam is irradiated from the surface side of the wafer in the cutting groove. A modified layer can be formed inside the encapsulant, and the wafer can be divided into individual device chips having a surface and four side surfaces surrounded by the encapsulant, using the modified layer as a split starting point.

半導体ウェーハの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a semiconductor wafer. 切削溝形成工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the cutting groove forming process. 封止工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the sealing process. 研削工程を示す一部断面側面図である。It is a partial cross-sectional side view which shows the grinding process. アライメント工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the alignment process. 図６（Ａ）は改質層形成工程を示す断面図、図６（Ｂ）は改質層形成工程を示す拡大断面図である。FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing a modified layer forming step, and FIG. 6B is an enlarged sectional view showing a modified layer forming step. 分割装置の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a dividing device. 分割ステップを示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the division step. 分割ステップ実施後のウェーハの一部拡大断面図である。It is a partially enlarged sectional view of the wafer after the division step.

以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図１を参照すると、本発明の加工方法で加工するのに適した半導体ウェーハ（以下、単にウェーハと略称することがある）１１の表面側斜視図が示されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Referring to FIG. 1, a front perspective view of a semiconductor wafer (hereinafter, may be simply abbreviated as a wafer) 11 suitable for processing by the processing method of the present invention is shown.

半導体ウェーハ１１の表面１１ａにおいては、複数の分割予定ライン（ストリート）１３が格子状に形成されており、直交する分割予定ライン１３によって区画された各領域にはＩＣ、ＬＳＩ等のデバイス１５が形成されている。 On the surface 11a of the semiconductor wafer 11, a plurality of scheduled division lines (streets) 13 are formed in a grid pattern, and devices 15 such as ICs and LSIs are formed in each region partitioned by the orthogonal scheduled division lines 13. Has been done.

各デバイス１５の表面には複数の電極バンプ（以下、単にバンプと略称することがある）１７を有しており、ウェーハ１１はそれぞれ複数のバンプ１７を備えた複数のデバイス１５が形成されたデバイス領域１９と、デバイス領域１９を囲繞する外周余剰領域２１とをその表面に備えている。 The surface of each device 15 has a plurality of electrode bumps (hereinafter, may be simply abbreviated as bumps) 17, and the wafer 11 is a device in which a plurality of devices 15 having the plurality of bumps 17 are formed. A region 19 and an outer peripheral surplus region 21 surrounding the device region 19 are provided on the surface thereof.

本発明実施形態のウェーハの加工方法では、まず、第１の工程として、ウェーハ１１の表面側から分割予定ライン１３に沿って切削ブレードによってデバイスチップの仕上がり厚さに相当する深さの切削溝を形成する切削溝形成工程を実施する。この切削溝形成工程を図２を参照して説明する。 In the wafer processing method of the present invention, first, as a first step, a cutting groove having a depth corresponding to the finished thickness of the device chip is formed from the surface side of the wafer 11 along the planned division line 13 by a cutting blade. The cutting groove forming step to be formed is carried out. This cutting groove forming process will be described with reference to FIG.

切削ユニット１０は、スピンドル１２の先端部に着脱可能に装着された切削ブレード１４と、撮像手段（撮像ユニット）１８を有するアライメントユニット１６とを備えている。撮像ユニット１８は、可視光で撮像する顕微鏡及びカメラを有するほか、赤外線画像を撮像する赤外線撮像素子を備えている。本実施形態では、赤外線撮像素子としてＩｎＧａＡｓ撮像素子を採用した。 The cutting unit 10 includes a cutting blade 14 detachably attached to the tip of the spindle 12 and an alignment unit 16 having an image pickup means (imaging unit) 18. The image pickup unit 18 includes a microscope and a camera that capture images with visible light, and also includes an infrared image pickup element that captures an infrared image. In this embodiment, an InGaAs image sensor is used as the infrared image sensor.

切削溝形成工程を実施する前に、まず撮像ユニット１８でウェーハ１１の表面を可視光で撮像し、各デバイス１５に形成されているターゲットパターン等のアライメントマークを検出し、このアライメントマークに基づいて切削すべき分割予定ライン１３を検出するアライメントを実施する。 Before carrying out the cutting groove forming step, the surface of the wafer 11 is first imaged with visible light by the image pickup unit 18, an alignment mark such as a target pattern formed on each device 15 is detected, and based on this alignment mark. Alignment is performed to detect the planned division line 13 to be cut.

アライメント実施後、矢印Ｒ１方向に高速回転する切削ブレード１４をウェーハ１１の表面１１ａ側から分割予定ライン１３に沿ってデバイスチップの仕上がり厚さに相当する深さに切り込ませ、ウェーハ１１を吸引保持した図示しないチャックテーブルを矢印Ｘ１方向に加工送りすることにより、分割予定ライン１３に沿って切削溝２３を形成する切削溝形成工程を実施する。 After the alignment is performed, the cutting blade 14 rotating at high speed in the arrow R1 direction is cut from the surface 11a side of the wafer 11 along the planned division line 13 to a depth corresponding to the finished thickness of the device chip, and the wafer 11 is sucked and held. A cutting groove forming step of forming the cutting groove 23 along the scheduled division line 13 is carried out by machining and feeding the chuck table (not shown) in the direction of the arrow X1.

この切削溝形成工程を、切削ユニット１０を分割予定ライン１３のピッチずつ加工送り方向Ｘ１と直交する方向に割り出し送りしながら、第１の方向に伸長する分割予定ライン１３に沿って次々と実施する。 This cutting groove forming step is carried out one after another along the scheduled division line 13 extending in the first direction while indexing and feeding the cutting unit 10 in the direction orthogonal to the machining feed direction X1 by the pitch of the scheduled division line 13. ..

次いで、図示しないチャックテーブルを９０°回転した後、第１の方向に直交する第２の方向に伸長する分割予定ライン１３に沿って同様な切削溝形成工程を次々と実施する。 Next, after rotating the chuck table (not shown) by 90 °, the same cutting groove forming step is carried out one after another along the planned division line 13 extending in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction.

切削溝形成工程を実施した後、図３に示すように、ウェーハ１１の表面１１ａに封止材２０を塗布して、切削溝２３を含むウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを封止材で封止する封止工程を実施する。封止材２０は流動性があるため、封止工程を実施すると、切削溝２３中に封止材２０が充填される。 After performing the cutting groove forming step, as shown in FIG. 3, the sealing material 20 is applied to the surface 11a of the wafer 11 and the surface 11a of the wafer 11 including the cutting groove 23 is sealed with the sealing material. Carry out a stopping process. Since the sealing material 20 has fluidity, when the sealing step is performed, the sealing material 20 is filled in the cutting groove 23.

封止材２０としては、質量％でエポキシ樹脂又はエポキシ樹脂＋フェノール樹脂１０．３％、シリカフィラー８５．３％、カーボンブラック０．１～０．２％、その他の成分４．２～４．３％を含む組成とした。その他の成分としては、例えば、金属水酸化物、三酸化アンチモン、二酸化ケイ素等を含む。 The encapsulant 20 includes epoxy resin or epoxy resin + phenol resin 10.3%, silica filler 85.3%, carbon black 0.1 to 0.2%, and other components 4.2 to 4. By mass%. The composition contained 3%. Other components include, for example, metal hydroxides, antimony trioxide, silicon dioxide and the like.

このような組成の封止材２０でウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを被覆してウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを封止すると、封止材２０中にごく少量含まれているカーボンブラックにより封止材２０が黒色となるため、封止材２０を通してウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを見ることは通常困難である。 When the surface 11a of the wafer 11 is covered with the sealing material 20 having such a composition and the surface 11a of the wafer 11 is sealed, the sealing material 20 becomes black due to the carbon black contained in the sealing material 20 in a very small amount. Therefore, it is usually difficult to see the surface 11a of the wafer 11 through the sealing material 20.

ここで、封止材２０中にカーボンブラックを混入させるのは、主にデバイス１５の静電破壊を防止するためであり、現在のところカーボンブラックを含有しない封止材は市販されていない。 Here, the reason why carbon black is mixed in the sealing material 20 is mainly to prevent electrostatic breakdown of the device 15, and at present, a sealing material that does not contain carbon black is not commercially available.

封止材２０の塗布方法は特に限定されないが、バンプ１７の高さまで封止材２０を塗布するのが望ましく、次いでエッチングにより封止材２０をエッチングして、バンプ１７の頭出しをする。 The method of applying the encapsulant 20 is not particularly limited, but it is desirable to apply the encapsulant 20 to the height of the bump 17, and then the encapsulant 20 is etched by etching to cue the bump 17.

封止工程を実施した後、ウェーハ１１の裏面１１ｂ側からデバイスチップの仕上がり厚さまでウェーハ１１を研削して、第１の切削溝２３中の封止材２０を露出させる研削工程を実施する。 After performing the sealing step, the wafer 11 is ground from the back surface 11b side of the wafer 11 to the finished thickness of the device chip to expose the sealing material 20 in the first cutting groove 23.

この研削工程を図４を参照して説明する。ウェーハ１１の表面１１ａに表面保護テープ２２を貼着し、研削装置のチャックテーブル２４で表面保護テープ２２を介してウェーハ１１を吸引保持する。 This grinding process will be described with reference to FIG. The surface protective tape 22 is attached to the surface 11a of the wafer 11, and the wafer 11 is sucked and held by the chuck table 24 of the grinding apparatus via the surface protective tape 22.

研削ユニット２６は、スピンドルハウジング２８中に回転可能に収容され図示しないモーターにより回転駆動されるスピンドル３０と、スピンドル３０の先端に固定されたホイールマウント３２と、ホイールマウント３２に着脱可能に装着された研削ホイール３４とを含んでいる。研削ホイール３４は、環状のホイール基台３６と、ホイール基台３６の下端外周に固着された複数の研削砥石３８とから構成される。 The grinding unit 26 is detachably mounted on a spindle 30 rotatably housed in a spindle housing 28 and rotationally driven by a motor (not shown), a wheel mount 32 fixed to the tip of the spindle 30, and a wheel mount 32. Includes a grinding wheel 34. The grinding wheel 34 is composed of an annular wheel base 36 and a plurality of grinding wheels 38 fixed to the outer periphery of the lower end of the wheel base 36.

研削工程では、チャックテーブル２４を矢印ａで示す方向に例えば３００ｒｐｍで回転しつつ、研削ホイール３４を矢印ｂで示す方向に例えば６０００ｒｐｍで回転させると共に、図示しない研削ユニット送り機構を駆動して研削ホイール３４の研削砥石３８をウェーハ１１の裏面１１ｂに接触させる。 In the grinding step, the chuck table 24 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow a at, for example, 300 rpm, the grinding wheel 34 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow b at, for example, 6000 rpm, and a grinding unit feed mechanism (not shown) is driven to drive the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel 38 of 34 is brought into contact with the back surface 11b of the wafer 11.

そして、研削ホイール３４を所定の研削送り速度で下方に所定量研削送りしながらウェー１１の裏面１１ｂを研削する。接触式又は非接触式の厚み測定ゲージでウェーハ１１の厚さを測定しながら、ウェーハ１１を所定の厚さ、例えば１００μｍに研削して、切削溝２３中に埋設された封止材２０を露出させる。 Then, the back surface 11b of the way 11 is ground while the grinding wheel 34 is grounded downward by a predetermined amount at a predetermined grinding feed rate. While measuring the thickness of the wafer 11 with a contact-type or non-contact-type thickness measuring gauge, the wafer 11 is ground to a predetermined thickness, for example, 100 μm, and the sealing material 20 embedded in the cutting groove 23 is exposed. Let me.

研削工程を実施した後、ウェーハ１１の表面１１ａ側から赤外線撮像手段によって封止材２０を通してウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを撮像し、ウェーハ１１の表面に形成されている少なくとも２つのターゲットパターン等のアライメントマークを検出し、これらのアライメントマークに基づいてレーザー加工すべき分割予定ライン１３を検出するアライメント工程を実施する。 After performing the grinding process, the surface 11a of the wafer 11 is imaged from the surface 11a side of the wafer 11 through the sealing material 20 by an infrared imaging means, and alignment marks such as at least two target patterns formed on the surface of the wafer 11 are aligned. Is detected, and an alignment step of detecting the scheduled division line 13 to be laser-processed based on these alignment marks is performed.

このアライメント工程について、図５を参照して詳細に説明する。アライメント工程を実施する前に、ウェーハ１１の裏面１１ｂ側を外周部が環状フレームＦに装着されたダイシングテープＴに貼着する。 This alignment process will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Before performing the alignment step, the back surface 11b side of the wafer 11 is attached to the dicing tape T whose outer peripheral portion is attached to the annular frame F.

アライメント工程では、図５に示すように、ダイシングテープＴを介してレーザー加工装置のチャックテーブル４０でウェーハ１１を吸引保持し、ウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを封止している封止材２０を上方に露出させる。そして、クランプ４２で環状フレームＦをクランプして固定する。 In the alignment step, as shown in FIG. 5, the wafer 11 is sucked and held by the chuck table 40 of the laser processing apparatus via the dicing tape T, and the sealing material 20 sealing the surface 11a of the wafer 11 is moved upward. Expose. Then, the annular frame F is clamped and fixed by the clamp 42.

アライメント工程では、図２に示した切削装置の撮像ユニット１８と同様なレーザー加工装置の撮像ユニット１８Ａの赤外線撮像素子でウェーハ１１の表面１１ａを撮像する。封止材２０は、撮像ユニット１８の赤外線撮像素子が受光する赤外線が透過する封止材から構成されているため、赤外線撮像素子によってウェーハ１１の表面１１ａに形成された少なくとも２つのターゲットパターン等のアライメントマークを検出することができる。 In the alignment step, the surface 11a of the wafer 11 is imaged by the infrared image pickup element of the image pickup unit 18A of the laser processing apparatus similar to the image pickup unit 18 of the cutting apparatus shown in FIG. Since the sealing material 20 is composed of a sealing material that transmits infrared rays received by the infrared image pickup element of the image pickup unit 18, at least two target patterns formed on the surface 11a of the wafer 11 by the infrared image pickup element can be used. Alignment marks can be detected.

好ましくは、赤外線撮像素子として感度の高いＩｎＧａＡｓ撮像素子を採用する。好ましくは、撮像ユニット１８Ａは、露光時間等を調整できるエクスポージャーを備えている。 Preferably, an InGaAs image sensor having high sensitivity is adopted as the infrared image sensor. Preferably, the image pickup unit 18A is provided with an exposure that can adjust the exposure time and the like.

次いで、これらのアライメントマークを結んだ直線が加工送り方向と平行となるようにチャックテーブル４０をθ回転し、更にアライメントマークと分割予定ライン１３の中心との距離だけチャックテーブル４０を加工送り方向Ｘ１（図６（Ａ）参照）と直交する方向に移動することにより、レーザー加工すべき分割予定ライン１３を検出する。 Next, the chuck table 40 is rotated by θ so that the straight line connecting these alignment marks is parallel to the machining feed direction, and the chuck table 40 is further rotated by the distance between the alignment mark and the center of the scheduled division line 13 in the machining feed direction X1. By moving in a direction orthogonal to (see FIG. 6A), the scheduled division line 13 to be laser-processed is detected.

アライメント工程を実施した後、図６（Ａ）に示したように、ウェーハ１１の表面１１ａ側から分割予定ライン１３に沿ってレーザー加工装置のレーザーヘッド（集光器）４６から封止材２０に対して透過性を有する波長（例えば１０６４ｎｍ）のレーザービームＬＢをその集光点を切削溝２３中の封止材２０の内部に位置付けて照射し、チャックテーブル４０を矢印Ｘ１方向に加工送りすることにより、切削溝２３中の封止材２０の内部に図６（Ｂ）に示すような改質層２５を形成する改質層形成工程を実施する。 After performing the alignment step, as shown in FIG. 6A, from the surface 11a side of the wafer 11 to the sealing material 20 from the laser head (concentrator) 46 of the laser processing device along the scheduled division line 13. On the other hand, a laser beam LB having a transmissive wavelength (for example, 1064 nm) is irradiated with the condensing point positioned inside the sealing material 20 in the cutting groove 23, and the chuck table 40 is machined and fed in the direction of arrow X1. A modified layer forming step of forming the modified layer 25 as shown in FIG. 6B is carried out inside the sealing material 20 in the cutting groove 23.

この改質層形成工程を、第１の方向に伸長する分割予定ライン１３に沿って次々と実施した後、チャックテーブル４０を９０°回転し、第１の方向に直交する第２の方向に伸長する分割予定ライン１３に沿って次々と実施する。 After performing this modified layer forming step one after another along the planned division line 13 extending in the first direction, the chuck table 40 is rotated by 90 ° and extended in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction. It is carried out one after another along the planned division line 13.

改質層形成工程実施後、図７に示す分割装置５０を使用してウェーハ１１に外力を付与し、ウェーハ１１を個々のデバイスチップ２７へと分割する分割工程を実施する。図７に示す分割装置５０は、環状フレームＦを保持するフレーム保持手段５２と、フレーム保持手段５２に保持された環状フレームＦに装着されたダイシングテープＴを拡張するテープ拡張手段５４を具備している。 After the modified layer forming step is carried out, an external force is applied to the wafer 11 using the dividing device 50 shown in FIG. 7, and the dividing step of dividing the wafer 11 into individual device chips 27 is carried out. The dividing device 50 shown in FIG. 7 includes a frame holding means 52 for holding the annular frame F and a tape expanding means 54 for expanding the dicing tape T attached to the annular frame F held by the frame holding means 52. There is.

フレーム保持手段５２は、環状のフレーム保持部材５６と、フレーム保持部材５６の外周に配設された固定手段としての複数のクランプ５８から構成される。フレーム保持部材５６の上面は環状フレームＦを載置する載置面５６ａを形成しており、この載置面５６ａ上に環状フレームＦが載置される。 The frame holding means 52 is composed of an annular frame holding member 56 and a plurality of clamps 58 as fixing means arranged on the outer periphery of the frame holding member 56. The upper surface of the frame holding member 56 forms a mounting surface 56a on which the annular frame F is mounted, and the annular frame F is mounted on the mounting surface 56a.

そして、載置面５６ａ上に載置された環状フレームＦは、クランプ５８によってフレーム保持手段５６に固定される。このように構成されたフレーム保持手段５２はテープ拡張手段５４によって上下方向に移動可能に支持されている。 Then, the annular frame F mounted on the mounting surface 56a is fixed to the frame holding means 56 by the clamp 58. The frame holding means 52 configured in this way is supported by the tape expanding means 54 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

テープ拡張手段５４は、環状のフレーム保持部材５６の内側に配設された拡張ドラム６０を具備している。拡張ドラム５０の上端は蓋５２で閉鎖されている。この拡張ドラム６０は、環状フレームＦの内径より小さく、環状フレームＦに装着されたダイシングテープＴに貼着されるウェーハ１１の外径より大きい内径を有している。 The tape expanding means 54 includes an expansion drum 60 disposed inside the annular frame holding member 56. The upper end of the expansion drum 50 is closed by a lid 52. The expansion drum 60 has an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the annular frame F and larger than the outer diameter of the wafer 11 attached to the dicing tape T attached to the annular frame F.

拡張ドラム６０はその下端に一体的に形成された支持フランジ６４を有している。テープ拡張手段５４は更に、環状のフレーム保持部材５６を上下方向に移動する駆動手段６６を具備している。この駆動手段６６は支持フランジ６４上に配設された複数のエアシリンダ６８から構成されており、そのピストンロッド７０はフレーム保持部材５６の下面に連結されている。 The expansion drum 60 has a support flange 64 integrally formed at the lower end thereof. The tape expanding means 54 further includes a driving means 66 for moving the annular frame holding member 56 in the vertical direction. The drive means 66 is composed of a plurality of air cylinders 68 arranged on the support flange 64, and the piston rod 70 thereof is connected to the lower surface of the frame holding member 56.

複数のエアシリンダ６８から構成される駆動手段６６は、環状のフレーム保持部材５６を、その載置面５６ａが拡張ドラム６０の上端である蓋６２の表面と略同一高さとなる基準位置と、拡張ドラム６０の上端より所定量下方の拡張位置との間で上下方向に移動する。 The drive means 66 composed of a plurality of air cylinders 68 extends the annular frame holding member 56 to a reference position where the mounting surface 56a thereof is substantially the same height as the surface of the lid 62 which is the upper end of the expansion drum 60. It moves up and down with the expansion position below the upper end of the drum 60 by a predetermined amount.

以上のように構成された分割装置５０を用いて実施するウェーハ１１の分割工程について図８を参照して説明する。図８（Ａ）に示すように、ウェーハ１１をダイシングテープＴを介して支持した環状フレームＦを、フレーム保持部材５６の載置面５６ａ上に載置し、クランプ５８によってフレーム保持部材５６に固定する。この時、フレーム保持部材５６はその載置面５６ａが拡張ドラム６０の上端と略同一高さとなる基準位置に位置付けられる。 The dividing process of the wafer 11 carried out by using the dividing device 50 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 8A, the annular frame F in which the wafer 11 is supported via the dicing tape T is placed on the mounting surface 56a of the frame holding member 56 and fixed to the frame holding member 56 by the clamp 58. do. At this time, the frame holding member 56 is positioned at a reference position where the mounting surface 56a thereof is substantially at the same height as the upper end of the expansion drum 60.

次いで、エアシリンダ６８を駆動してフレーム保持部材５６を図８（Ｂ）に示す拡張位置に下降する。これにより、フレーム保持部材５６の載置面５６ａ上に固定されている環状フレームＦを下降するため、環状フレームＦに装着されたダイシングテープＴは拡張ドラム６０の上端縁に当接して主に半径方向に拡張される。 Next, the air cylinder 68 is driven to lower the frame holding member 56 to the extended position shown in FIG. 8 (B). As a result, the annular frame F fixed on the mounting surface 56a of the frame holding member 56 is lowered, so that the dicing tape T attached to the annular frame F abuts on the upper end edge of the expansion drum 60 and mainly has a radius. Expanded in the direction.

その結果、ダイシングテープＴに貼着されているウェーハ１１には放射状に引っ張り力が作用する。このようにウェーハ１１に放射状に引っ張り力が作用すると、分割予定ライン１３に沿って封止材２０中に形成された改質層２５が分割起点となってウェーハ１１が改質層２５に沿って図９の拡大図に示すように割断され、封止材２０によって表面及び４側面が囲繞された個々のデバイスチップ２７に分割される。 As a result, a tensile force acts radially on the wafer 11 attached to the dicing tape T. When the tensile force acts radially on the wafer 11 in this way, the reforming layer 25 formed in the encapsulant 20 along the scheduled division line 13 serves as a split starting point, and the wafer 11 is along the reforming layer 25. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 9, it is divided into individual device chips 27 which are cut and whose surface and four side surfaces are surrounded by the sealing material 20.

１０ 切削ユニット
１１ 半導体ウェーハ
１３ 分割予定ライン
１４ 切削ブレード
１５ デバイス
１６ アライメントユニット
１７ 電極バンプ
１８，１８Ａ 撮像ユニット
２０ 封止材
２３ 切削溝
２５ 改質層
２６ 研削ユニット
２７ デバイスチップ
３４ 研削ホイール
３８ 研削砥石
４６ レーザーヘッド（集光器）
５０ 分割装置 10 Cutting unit 11 Semiconductor wafer 13 Scheduled division line 14 Cutting blade 15 Device 16 Alignment unit 17 Electrode bump 18, 18A Imaging unit 20 Encapsulant 23 Cutting groove 25 Modified layer 26 Grinding unit 27 Device chip 34 Grinding wheel 38 Grinding wheel 46 Laser head (concentrator)
50 split device

Claims (2)

交差して形成された複数の分割予定ラインによって区画された表面の各領域にそれぞれ複数のバンプを有するデバイスが形成されたウェーハの加工方法であって、
該ウェーハの表面側から該分割予定ラインに沿って切削ブレードによってデバイスチップの仕上がり厚さに相当する深さの切削溝を形成する切削溝形成工程と、
該切削溝形成工程を実施した後、該切削溝を含む該ウェーハの表面を封止材で封止する封止工程と、
該封止工程を実施した後、該ウェーハの裏面側から該デバイスチップの仕上がり厚さまで該ウェーハを研削して該切削溝中の該封止材を露出させる研削工程と、
該研削工程を実施した後、該ウェーハの表面側から赤外線撮像手段によって該封止材を透過してウェーハの表面側を撮像してアライメントマークを検出し、該アライメントマークに基づいてレーザー加工すべき該分割予定ラインを検出するアライメント工程と、
該アライメント工程を実施した後、該封止材に対して透過性を有する波長のレーザービームの集光点を該切削溝中の該封止材の内部に位置付けて、該ウェーハの表面側から該分割予定ラインに沿ってレーザービームを照射して、該封止材の内部に改質層を形成する改質層形成工程と、
該改質層形成工程を実施した後、該切削溝中の該封止材に外力を付与して該改質層を分割起点として該封止材によって表面及び４側面が囲繞された個々のデバイスチップに分割する分割工程と、を備え、
該封止工程では、該赤外線撮像手段が受光する赤外線が透過するような透過性を有し、カーボンブラックを含む該封止材によって該ウェーハの表面が封止され、
該カーボンブラックの含有率は、０．１質量％以上０．２質量％以下であることを特徴とするウェーハの加工方法。 A method for processing a wafer in which a device having a plurality of bumps is formed in each region of a surface partitioned by a plurality of planned division lines formed at an intersection.
A cutting groove forming step of forming a cutting groove having a depth corresponding to the finished thickness of the device chip by a cutting blade from the surface side of the wafer along the planned division line.
After performing the cutting groove forming step, a sealing step of sealing the surface of the wafer including the cutting groove with a sealing material, and a sealing step.
After performing the sealing step, a grinding step of grinding the wafer from the back surface side of the wafer to the finished thickness of the device chip to expose the sealing material in the cutting groove, and a grinding step.
After performing the grinding step, the alignment mark should be detected by transmitting the sealing material from the surface side of the wafer through the sealing material and imaging the surface side of the wafer, and laser processing should be performed based on the alignment mark. An alignment process for detecting the planned division line and
After performing the alignment step, a condensing point of a laser beam having a wavelength transparent to the encapsulant is positioned inside the encapsulant in the cutting groove, and the wafer is viewed from the surface side of the wafer. A modified layer forming step of irradiating a laser beam along a planned division line to form a modified layer inside the encapsulant.
After performing the modified layer forming step, an external force is applied to the sealing material in the cutting groove, and the surface and four side surfaces are surrounded by the sealing material with the modified layer as a split starting point. With a split process to split into chips,
In the sealing step, the surface of the wafer is sealed by the sealing material containing carbon black, which has a transparency such that the infrared rays received by the infrared imaging means are transmitted.
A method for processing a wafer, wherein the content of the carbon black is 0.1% by mass or more and 0.2% by mass or less . 前記アライメント工程で用いる前記赤外線撮像手段はＩｎＧａＡｓ撮像素子を含む請求項１記載のウェーハの加工方法。 The method for processing a wafer according to claim 1, wherein the infrared image pickup means used in the alignment step includes an InGaAs image pickup element.
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