JP7006594B2 - プリプレグおよび繊維強化複合材料 - Google Patents
プリプレグおよび繊維強化複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7006594B2 JP7006594B2 JP2018527251A JP2018527251A JP7006594B2 JP 7006594 B2 JP7006594 B2 JP 7006594B2 JP 2018527251 A JP2018527251 A JP 2018527251A JP 2018527251 A JP2018527251 A JP 2018527251A JP 7006594 B2 JP7006594 B2 JP 7006594B2
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- prepreg
- epoxy resin
- fiber
- resin
- thermoplastic resin
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Description
また、これらのエポキシ樹脂と硬化剤からなるエポキシ樹脂組成物(硬化助剤を含んでいても良い)の粘度が低く、プリプレグのハンドリング性に問題が生じる場合は、エポキシ樹脂組成物を予備反応させ、粘度を増加させることも有効である。粘度の増加に伴い、プリプレグに適切な粘着性を付与することができ、ハンドリング性が向上したり、あるいはプリプレグの保存安定性を向上させることが可能となる。
σ=(H5-H2)/T
と定義する。
(1)構成要素[A]:強化繊維
[炭素繊維]
・炭素繊維(製品名:“トレカ(登録商標)”T800S-24K-10E、フィラメント数24,000、引張強度5.9GPa、引張弾性率290GPa、引張伸度2.0%、東レ株式会社製)。
[エポキシ樹脂]
・ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂(製品名:“jER(登録商標)”825、三菱ケミカル(株)製)
・テトラグリシジルジアミノジフェニルメタン(製品名:“アラルダイト(登録商標)”MY721、ハンツマン・アドバンスト・マテリアルズ社製)
・ビスフェノールF型エポキシ(製品名:“エピクロン(登録商標)”830、DIC(株)製)。
[芳香族アミン硬化剤]
・4,4’-ジアミノジフェニルスルホン(製品名:“セイカキュアS”、和歌山精化工業(株)製)。
[熱可塑性樹脂]
・下記の製造方法で得られたポリアミド微粒子(平均粒子径:13μm)
透明ポリアミド(“グリルアミド(登録商標)”TR55、エムスケミー・ジャパン(株)製)90部、エポキシ樹脂(“jER(登録商標)”828、三菱ケミカル(株)社製)7.5部および硬化剤(“トーマイド(登録商標)”#296、(株)ティーアンドケイ東華製)2.5部を、クロロホルム300部とメタノール100部の混合溶媒中に添加して均一溶液を得た。次に、得られた均一溶液を塗装用のスプレーガンを用い、撹拌している3000部のn-ヘキサンの液面に向かって霧状に吹き付けて溶質を析出させた。析出した固体を濾別し、n-ヘキサンでよく洗浄した後に、100℃の温度で24時間の真空乾燥を行い、球状のセミIPN構造を有するエポキシ改質ポリアミド粒子を得た。
・ポリエーテルスルホン(製品名:“スミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003P、住友化学(株)社製)。
以下の測定方法を用いて各実施例のエポキシ樹脂組成物およびプリプレグを測定した。
プリプレグをナイフにより切断し、その破面をSEM(“VHX(商標登録)”5000”キーエンス社製)により観察し、前記手法に従い、含浸率φ=(エポキシ樹脂組成物が付着していない炭素繊維の本数)/(単位幅あたりに存在する炭素繊維の総本数)とした。
プリプレグをナイフにより切断し、その破面をSEM(“VHX(商標登録)”5000、キーエンス社製)により観察し、各炭素繊維の中心点の座標を取得し、前記手法に従い、局在化パラメータσを算出した。
前記手法に従い、繊維配向方向100mm、繊維垂直方向50mmの短冊状プリプレグを8層積層し、プリプレグ積層体の繊維方向に流れる空気量、プリプレグ両端の気圧Pa、Pvを測定した。また、式1に従い、面内方向の浸透係数Kを評価した。
23℃の環境下でプリプレグをナイフで切断した際に、その端部に発生する毛羽、積層時のプリプレグの面外方向の剥離、積層時の貼り合わせによる修正のしやすさを確認し、以下の基準によりその優劣を判断した。
A :良好
B :積層可能であるが、端部から一部の毛羽が発生
C :積層可能であるが、端部から毛羽が発生し、貼り合わせの修正も工夫を要する
D :不良。
縦300mm×横150mmのプリプレグを一方向に16枚積層し、プリプレグ積層体とした後、プリプレグ積層体の両表面に厚さ100μmのPTFEフィルムを配置し、厚さ10mmのアルミ板の上にのせ、ナイロンフィルムで覆った。さらに、25℃環境下で、プリプレグ積層体の周囲の真空度を3kPaとし、3時間放置し、揮発分を除去した。その後、真空度を3kPaに維持したまま1.5℃/分の速度で120℃の温度まで昇温して180分間保持し、さらに1.5℃/分の速度で180℃の温度まで昇温して120分間保持し、樹脂を硬化させることにより、繊維強化複合材料を得た。この繊維強化複合材料から縦10mm×横10mmのサンプル片を3個切り出し、その断面を研磨後、繊維強化複合材料の上下面が視野内に収まるように50倍のレンズを用いて光学顕微鏡で観察し、画像を取得した。取得画像から、ボイド領域と総断面積の割合を算出することにより各画像のボイド率を算出した。同様の作業を各サンプルにつき3箇所、合計9箇所実施し、その平均値を各評価水準のボイド率とした。
一方向プリプレグを、45度ずつずらしながら24枚積層することで、[+45°/0°/-45°/90°]3sの積層構成を有するプリプレグ積層体とし、プリプレグ積層体の両表面に厚さ100μmのPTFEフィルムを配置し、厚さ10mmのアルミ板の上にのせ、ナイロンフィルムで覆った。さらに、25℃環境下で、プリプレグ積層体の周囲の真空度を3kPaとし、3時間放置し、揮発分を除去した。その後、1.5℃/分の速度で120℃の温度まで昇温し、真空度を3kPaに維持したまま180分間保持し、その後1.5℃/分の速度で180℃の温度まで昇温し、120分間保持してプリプレグを硬化させ、繊維強化複合材料を作製した。この繊維強化複合材料から、縦150mm×横100mmのサンプルを切り出し、SACMA SRM 2R-94に従ってサンプルの中心部に6.7J/mmの落錘衝撃を与え、衝撃後圧縮強度を求めた。
60質量部の“アラルダイト(登録商標)”MY721および40質量部の“jER(登録商標)”825を混練機中に加え、さらに12質量部の“スミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pを加えて加熱溶解させ、次いで硬化剤として“セイカキュアS”を46質量部混練して、エポキシ樹脂に不溶な熱可塑樹脂を含まないエポキシ樹脂組成物(第1フィルム用)を作製した。同様に、60質量部の“アラルダイト(登録商標)”MY721および40質量部の“jER(登録商標)”825を混練機中に加え、さらに12質量部の“スミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pを加えて加熱溶解させ、熱可塑性樹脂粒子であるポリアミド微粒子を45質量部混練し、次いで硬化剤として“セイカキュアS”を46質量部混練して、エポキシ樹脂に不溶な熱可塑樹脂を含むエポキシ樹脂組成物(第2フィルム用)を作製した。
第1フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を、実施例2は110℃、実施例3は120℃、実施例4は130℃、実施例5は140℃にした以外は実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物の“スミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pの含有量を実施例6は20部、実施例7は30部とする以外は実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物および第2フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物の“jER(登録商標)”825の半量を“エピクロン(登録商標)”830に置き換え、第2フィルムの“スミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pの量を18質量部とし、第1フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を130℃とする以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物および第2フィルム用のエポキシ樹脂組成物の“jER(登録商標)”825の半量を“エピクロン(登録商標)”830に置き換え、第2フィルムの“スミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pの量を15質量部とし、第1フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を140℃とする以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂と第2フィルム用エポキシ樹脂の両方にポリアミド微粒子を23部添加する点、および、ローラー表面温度を比較例1は140℃、比較例2は120℃に変えた点以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物および第2フィルム用のエポキシ樹脂組成物の“jER(登録商標)”825の半量を“エピクロン(登録商標)”830に置き換え、第2フィルムのスミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pの量を18質量部とし、第1フィルム、第2フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を70℃に変えた以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物および第2フィルム用のエポキシ樹脂組成物のスミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pの含有量を8質量部、第1フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を130℃、第2フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を120℃とする以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
<比較例5>
第1フィルム用エポキシ樹脂組成物および第2フィルム用のエポキシ樹脂組成物のスミカエクセル(登録商標)”PES5003Pの含有量を6質量部、第1フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を140℃、第2フィルムを転写する際のローラー表面温度を100℃とする以外は、実施例1と同様の方法でプリプレグを作製し、繊維強化複合材料を得た。
表1、表3に示されるように、含浸率φが同等のプリプレグにおいても、粒子層を片側に配置し、未含浸部の重心位置を粒子側に局在化させることにより、通気量が高く、繊維強化複合材料のボイド率も1%以下となり、CAI値も高くなった。未含浸領域の揮発分の除去効率が向上することにより、ボイド発生量の低下、およびCAI値の向上につながったと考えられる。
表2、表3に示すように、実施例6~7では熱可塑性樹脂成分の配合量を実施例1~5対比多く配合した。その結果、樹脂が増粘し含浸率φが低下することにより、プリプレグのハンドリング性はやや悪化するものの、含浸率φを30%~95%の範囲にすることで、通気量を高くすることができ、ボイド率を1%以下とし、CAI値も高くなった。比較例3では、プリプレグ積層体の作製が困難であったが、含浸度が低すぎることが原因と考えられる。
表2、表3に示すように、実施例8~9では、ローラー温度を高めに設定することで、実施例1対比含浸率φを高めている。比較例4と比較して、いずれも局在化パラメータσは同等だが、含浸率φを30~95%、およびプリプレグの面内方向の浸透係数Kを20((1-φ))/100)×4.0×10-12 m2以上にすることにより、低ボイド率、高CAIを示すことが明らかとなった。比較例5はボイドが多数発生したが、局在化パラメータσが高すぎるため、未含浸部の連続性が確保出来ないことが原因と考えられる。
2:エポキシ樹脂に不溶な熱可塑性樹脂
3:層間形成層
4:エポキシ樹脂層
5:強化繊維
6:強化繊維層
7:未含浸層
8:等分線
9:プリプレグ積層体
10:シーラント
11:カバーフィルム
12:金属板
13:ガラステープ
14:空気流量計
15:通気口
16:圧力計
17:真空ポンプ
Claims (4)
- 層状に配置された強化繊維[A]に、エポキシ樹脂[B]および硬化剤[C]を含むエポキシ樹脂組成物が部分的に含浸され、その含浸率φが30~95%であって、該エポキシ樹脂[B]に不溶な熱可塑性樹脂[D]がプリプレグ片側表面に偏在しており、かつ該強化繊維[A]の層において、エポキシ樹脂組成物の未含浸部が該熱可塑性樹脂[D]が偏在する側に局在化しており、かつ該局在化の度合いを規定する局在化パラメータσが、0.10<σ<0.45の範囲にあるプリプレグ。
- 面内方向の浸透係数Kが2.0×(1-φ/100)×10-14[m2]以上である、請求項1に記載のプリプレグ。
- 強化繊維[A]が一方向に配列した連続繊維である、請求項1または2に記載のプリプレグ。
- 強化繊維[A]が織物形態である、請求項1または2に記載のプリプレグ。
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| EP3835343A4 (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2022-05-25 | Toray Industries, Inc. | PREPREG, PREPREG LAMINATE AND FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE |
| JP7619044B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-23 | 2025-01-22 | 東レ株式会社 | 複合プリプレグおよび繊維強化樹脂成形体 |
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| WO2022254587A1 (ja) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-12-08 | 昭和電工マテリアルズ株式会社 | プリプレグ、積層板、金属張り積層板、プリント配線板、半導体パッケージ並びにプリプレグの製造方法及び金属張り積層板の製造方法 |
| CN115542213A (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-12-30 | 潍坊新力超导磁电科技有限公司 | 一种磁共振梯度线圈层积浸脂工艺 |
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| JP2004263086A (ja) | 2003-03-03 | 2004-09-24 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | プリプレグおよびその製造方法 |
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| JPWO2018181254A1 (ja) | 2020-02-06 |
| RU2019130624A (ru) | 2021-04-29 |
| US20200010632A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
| KR20190127685A (ko) | 2019-11-13 |
| EP3604410A4 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
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| EP3604410A1 (en) | 2020-02-05 |
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