JP6888428B2 - 4輪駆動車及び4輪駆動車の制御方法 - Google Patents
4輪駆動車及び4輪駆動車の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/348—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/354—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having separate mechanical assemblies for transmitting drive to the front or to the rear wheels or set of wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
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- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
- F16D11/14—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts with clutching members movable only axially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D13/00—Friction clutches
- F16D13/22—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members
- F16D13/38—Friction clutches with axially-movable clutching members with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs
- F16D13/52—Clutches with multiple lamellae ; Clutches in which three or more axially moveable members are fixed alternately to the shafts to be coupled and are pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
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- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/06—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch
- F16D25/062—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces
- F16D25/063—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially
- F16D25/0635—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs
- F16D25/0638—Fluid-actuated clutches in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in, i.e. rotating with the clutch the clutch having friction surfaces with clutch members exclusively moving axially with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae
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- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
- F16D25/08—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member
- F16D25/082—Fluid-actuated clutches with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member the line of action of the fluid-actuated members co-inciding with the axis of rotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
- B60K23/0808—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch
- B60K2023/0816—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch for varying front-rear torque distribution with a central differential
- B60K2023/0833—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch for varying front-rear torque distribution with a central differential for adding torque to the rear wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
- B60K2023/085—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles automatically actuated
- B60K2023/0858—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles automatically actuated with electric means, e.g. electro-hydraulic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
- B60K2023/085—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles automatically actuated
- B60K2023/0866—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles automatically actuated with hydraulic means only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
- B60K5/04—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
- B60Y2400/421—Dog type clutches or brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/42—Clutches or brakes
- B60Y2400/424—Friction clutches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
- F16D2011/002—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts using an external and axially slidable sleeve for coupling the teeth of both coupling components together
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D11/00—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts
- F16D2011/008—Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts characterised by the form of the teeth forming the inter-engaging parts; Details of shape or structure of these teeth
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
Description
本発明の実施の形態について、図1乃至図7を参照して説明する。なお、以下に説明する実施の形態は、本発明を実施する上での好適な具体例として示すものであり、技術的に好ましい種々の技術的事項を具体的に例示している部分もあるが、本発明の技術的範囲は、この具体的態様に限定されるものではない。
図6は、油圧回路7及び制御装置2の構成例を模式的に示す構成図である。油圧回路7は、制御装置2から供給される電流に応じたトルクを発生する電動モータ71と、電動モータ71によって作動する単一の油圧ポンプ72と、第1の制御弁73及び第2の制御弁74と、リリーフ弁75とを有している。電動モータ71と油圧ポンプ72とは、連結軸721によって連結されている。なお、連結軸721と電動モータ71との間に、電動モータ71の回転を所定の減速比で減速する減速機を設けてもよい。電動モータ71は、例えばDCブラシレスモータであるが、電動モータ71としてブラシ付きDCモータを用いてもよい。また、電動モータ71は、その回転速度を検出可能な回転速センサ711を有しており、回転速センサ711の検出結果が制御装置2に出力される。
次に、制御装置2の制御部21が実行する4輪駆動車1の制御方法について説明する。制御部21は、2輪駆動状態での走行時に噛み合いクラッチ40ならびに第1及び第2の多板クラッチ62L,62Rを解放状態とし、プロペラシャフト5の回転が停止したディスコネクト状態とする。また、制御部21は、2輪駆動状態から4輪駆動状態に移行する際、第1の多板クラッチ62Lを介して左後輪14Lから伝達されるトルクによってプロペラシャフト5の回転を増速させて噛み合いクラッチ40の第1回転部材41及び第3回転部材43を回転同期させ、第1回転部材41と第3回転部材43とを噛み合わせる。このとき、制御部21は、第2の多板クラッチ62Rからはプロペラシャフト5の回転を増速させる増速トルクを伝達させない。以下、図7を参照して、制御部21が実行する制御処理をより詳細に説明する。
図8は、比較例に係る駆動力断続装置4及び駆動力配分装置6の動作例を示すタイミングチャートである。この比較例では、時刻t3において、制御部21が第2の制御弁74の弁開度を4輪駆動状態において右後輪14Rに伝達すべき駆動力に応じた値としており、その他の動作は図7に示したものと同じである。
以上説明した本実施の形態によれば、ディスコネクト状態での走行時に2輪駆動状態から4輪駆動状態へ切り替える際、第2の多板クラッチ62Rからはプロペラシャフト5の回転を増速させるトルクが伝達されず、噛み合いクラッチ40の回転同期がなされるまで、第1の多板クラッチ62Lから伝達されるトルクのみによってプロペラシャフト5が増速される。これにより、第1回転部材41と第3回転部材43とが噛み合わされるまでプロペラシャフト5の回転が急加速されることがなく、NVの発生が抑制される。
以上、本発明を実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、これらの実施の形態は特許請求の範囲に係る発明を限定するものではない。また、実施の形態の中で説明した特徴の組合せの全てが発明の課題を解決するための手段に必須であるとは限らない点に留意すべきである。
11…エンジン(駆動源)
13L,13R…前輪(主駆動輪)
14L,14R…後輪(補助駆動輪)
2…制御装置
40…噛み合いクラッチ
41,43…第1及び第3回転部材(一対の噛み合い部材)
5…プロペラシャフト
6…駆動力配分装置
604L…第1のシリンダ室
604R…第2のシリンダ室
621…アウタクラッチプレート
622…インナクラッチプレート
62L…第1の多板クラッチ
62R…第2の多板クラッチ
67L…第1のピストン
67R…第2のピストン
7…油圧回路
71…電動モータ
72…油圧ポンプ
73…第1の制御弁
74…第2の制御弁
Claims (3)
- 駆動源の駆動力が一対の主駆動輪及び一対の補助駆動輪に伝達される4輪駆動状態と前記駆動力が前記一対の主駆動輪にのみ伝達される2輪駆動状態とを切り替え可能な4輪駆動車であって、
前記2輪駆動状態で前記駆動力を前記補助駆動輪側に伝達するプロペラシャフトと、
相対回転可能な一対の噛み合い部材を有し、前記駆動源から前記プロペラシャフトへの前記駆動力の伝達を遮断可能な噛み合いクラッチと、
前記プロペラシャフトから前記一対の補助駆動輪のうち一方の補助駆動輪への前記駆動力の伝達を遮断可能な第1の多板クラッチと、
前記プロペラシャフトから前記一対の補助駆動輪のうち他方の補助駆動輪への前記駆動力の伝達を遮断可能な第2の多板クラッチと、
前記第1の多板クラッチを軸方向に押圧する第1のピストンと、
前記第2の多板クラッチを軸方向に押圧する第2のピストンと、
油圧ポンプ及び複数の制御弁を有し、前記油圧ポンプから吐出される作動油を前記複数の制御弁を介して前記第1及び第2のピストンのそれぞれに対応するシリンダ室に供給する油圧回路と、
前記噛み合いクラッチ及び前記油圧回路を制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記第1及び第2の多板クラッチは、軸方向に押圧されることにより摩擦接触する複数のクラッチプレートを有し、
前記制御装置は、前記2輪駆動状態での走行時に前記噛み合いクラッチならびに前記第1及び第2の多板クラッチを解放状態として前記プロペラシャフトの回転を停止させ、前記2輪駆動状態から前記4輪駆動状態に移行する際、前記第1の多板クラッチを介して前記一方の補助駆動輪から伝達されるトルクによって前記プロペラシャフトの回転を増速させて前記一対の噛み合い部材を回転同期させて噛み合わせると共に、前記第2の多板クラッチからは前記プロペラシャフトの回転を増速させるトルクを伝達させず、前記一対の噛み合い部材が噛み合わされるまで前記第2の多板クラッチによるトルク伝達がなされない状態を維持し、かつ前記一対の噛み合い部材が噛み合わされる時までに前記第2のピストンのシリンダ室に前記作動油を供給して前記第2の多板クラッチの前記複数のクラッチプレート間の隙間を詰める、
4輪駆動車。 - 前記制御装置は、前記第1の多板クラッチの前記複数のクラッチプレート間の隙間詰めがされた後に前記第2のピストンのシリンダ室に前記作動油を供給する、
請求項1に記載の4輪駆動車。 - 駆動源の駆動力が一対の主駆動輪及び一対の補助駆動輪に伝達される4輪駆動状態と前記駆動力が前記一対の主駆動輪にのみ伝達される2輪駆動状態とを切り替え可能な4輪駆動車の制御方法であって、
前記4輪駆動車は、
前記2輪駆動状態で前記駆動力を前記補助駆動輪側に伝達するプロペラシャフトと、
相対回転可能な一対の噛み合い部材を有し、前記駆動源から前記プロペラシャフトへの前記駆動力の伝達を遮断可能な噛み合いクラッチと、
前記プロペラシャフトから前記一対の補助駆動輪のうち一方の補助駆動輪への前記駆動力の伝達を遮断可能な第1の多板クラッチと、
前記プロペラシャフトから前記一対の補助駆動輪のうち他方の補助駆動輪への前記駆動力の伝達を遮断可能な第2の多板クラッチと、
前記第1の多板クラッチを軸方向に押圧する第1のピストンと、
前記第2の多板クラッチを軸方向に押圧する第2のピストンと、
油圧ポンプ及び複数の制御弁を有し、前記油圧ポンプから吐出される作動油を前記複数の制御弁を介して前記第1及び第2のピストンのそれぞれに対応するシリンダ室に供給する油圧回路とを備え、
前記第1及び第2の多板クラッチは、軸方向に押圧されることにより摩擦接触する複数のクラッチプレートを有し、
前記2輪駆動状態での走行時に前記噛み合いクラッチならびに前記第1及び第2の多板クラッチを解放状態として前記プロペラシャフトの回転を停止させ、前記2輪駆動状態から前記4輪駆動状態に移行する際、前記第1の多板クラッチを介して前記一方の補助駆動輪から伝達されるトルクによって前記プロペラシャフトの回転を増速させて前記一対の噛み合い部材を回転同期させて噛み合わせると共に、前記第2の多板クラッチからは前記プロペラシャフトの回転を増速させるトルクを伝達させず、前記一対の噛み合い部材が噛み合わされるまで前記第2の多板クラッチによるトルク伝達がなされない状態を維持し、かつ前記一対の噛み合い部材が噛み合わされる時までに前記第2のピストンのシリンダ室に前記作動油を供給して前記第2の多板クラッチの前記複数のクラッチプレート間の隙間を詰める、
4輪駆動車の制御方法。
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