JP6863020B2 - 触媒及びその製造方法、並びに固体高分子形燃料電池 - Google Patents
触媒及びその製造方法、並びに固体高分子形燃料電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6863020B2 JP6863020B2 JP2017074996A JP2017074996A JP6863020B2 JP 6863020 B2 JP6863020 B2 JP 6863020B2 JP 2017074996 A JP2017074996 A JP 2017074996A JP 2017074996 A JP2017074996 A JP 2017074996A JP 6863020 B2 JP6863020 B2 JP 6863020B2
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 139
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 245
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 122
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 101
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- -1 argon ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002078 nanoshell Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
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Description
12 チャンバ
16 基材ホルダ
18 原料ガス供給部
20 プラズマ生成部
24 放電用ガス供給器
30 プラズマ導入部
40 スパッタリング部
42 保持部材
50、62 触媒
52 炭素粒子
54 担持体
56 鉄粒子
58 炭素ナノ繊維
60 触媒部
70 単セル
72 高分子電解質膜
74 カソード電極
76 アノード電極
82 膜電極接合体
Claims (7)
- 触媒であって、
炭素粒子で形成される担持体と、
前記担持体に担持され、鉄粒子と、鉄と窒素とを含む炭素ナノ繊維と、を有する触媒部と、
を備え、
前記触媒は、酸素還元触媒であることを特徴とする触媒。 - 請求項1に記載の触媒であって、
前記炭素ナノ繊維は、2.69原子%以上3.59原子%以下のFeと、3.17原子%以上11.01原子%以下のNと、を含み、残部が炭素と不可避的不純物とからなることを特徴とする触媒。 - 請求項1または2に記載の触媒であって、
前記炭素粒子は、カーボンブラックであることを特徴とする触媒。 - 触媒の製造方法であって、
炭素粒子からなる基材に、鉄をスパッタリングして鉄粒子を点在させて形成する鉄粒子形成工程と、
前記鉄粒子を点在させた基材に、プラズマ中で、鉄をスパッタリングすると共に、炭素源ガスと、窒素ガスとを供給して、前記炭素源ガスと、前記窒素ガスと、前記スパッタリングされた鉄とを、プラズマ中で同時に反応させて、鉄と窒素とを含む炭素ナノ繊維を形成する炭素ナノ繊維形成工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする触媒の製造方法。 - 請求項4に記載の触媒の製造方法であって、
前記鉄粒子形成工程は、前記基材と、鉄のターゲットとの間に、プラズマを生じさせて、前記基材を基材側のプラズマ周辺部に位置し、プラズマ中で前記鉄をスパッタリングすることを特徴とする触媒の製造方法。 - 請求項5に記載の触媒の製造方法であって、
前記鉄粒子形成工程と、前記炭素ナノ繊維形成工程とは、前記プラズマが、シートプラズマであることを特徴とする触媒の製造方法。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか1つに記載の触媒をカソード電極に備えることを特徴とする固体高分子形燃料電池。
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JP6863020B2 true JP6863020B2 (ja) | 2021-04-21 |
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Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1709213A4 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2012-09-05 | Nanocomp Technologies Inc | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SYNTHESIZING LONG LENGTH NANOSTRUCTURES |
JP2009190948A (ja) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-08-27 | Panasonic Corp | カーボンナノチューブ構造体、これを用いた電極及び電気二重層キャパシタ |
WO2016140227A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-04 | 2016-09-09 | 国立大学法人 群馬大学 | カーボンナノチューブ被覆触媒粒子 |
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