JP6845385B1 - 接合用金属ペースト及び接合方法 - Google Patents
接合用金属ペースト及び接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6845385B1 JP6845385B1 JP2020571890A JP2020571890A JP6845385B1 JP 6845385 B1 JP6845385 B1 JP 6845385B1 JP 2020571890 A JP2020571890 A JP 2020571890A JP 2020571890 A JP2020571890 A JP 2020571890A JP 6845385 B1 JP6845385 B1 JP 6845385B1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/80—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected
- H01L24/83—Methods for connecting semiconductor or other solid state bodies using means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected using a layer connector
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/103—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
- B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L24/28—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L24/29—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the layer connectors prior to the connecting process of an individual layer connector
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- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
- B23K2103/56—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26 semiconducting
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- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
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Abstract
Description
接合用金属ペーストは、特定の金属粒子、溶剤、および特性を補完する添加成分から構成される。
本発明で利用される金属ナノ粒子は、出願人が既に市販しているものの他、本願発明の趣旨に従うものであれば、市販の粒子や、文献に記載された粒子を採用することができる。ナノ粒子を作成する方法は、本発明で指定した粒子径範囲と性質を満足するのであれば、湿式法や乾式法のいずれの方法により作成された粒子を採用することが可能である。本発明の趣旨に従う金属ナノ粒子としては、平均一次粒子径(透過型電子顕微鏡写真、走査型電子顕微鏡写真から算出される数平均粒子径)が10〜100nm、好ましくは15〜80nm、一層好ましくは20〜60nm、より一層好ましくは、20〜40nmである。該数平均粒子径のことを一次粒子径の個数平均値ともいう。粒子の表面には、自然焼結を抑制するための有機物被覆(キャッピング層)が形成されていることが好ましい。粒子径が細かくなることで、金属ナノ粒子の溶融温度が低くなるので、接合体の形成温度を低くすることができるため好ましい。ただし、あまりにも小さい場合には、常温での焼結を避けるために厚いキャッピング層を形成させなければならなくなるので好ましくない。厚いキャッピング層を形成してしまうと、粒子間の分散はさせやすく単分散なものが得られやすくなるが、キャッピング層を除去し、金属の焼結を進行させるためには高温での処理が必要になったり、金属層の中に有機物が残存してしまい接合強度の低下や導電率の低下の原因にもなったりするので好ましくない。また、単分散になりすぎると、粒子の回収が難しくなるので生産性が低下する原因にもなる。
本発明において、金属粒子を併用する場合には、市販の金属粒子を採用することが可能である。この際の粒子は湿式法で作成したものであっても、乾式法で作成されたもののいずれでもかまわない。本発明で利用される金属粒子としては、レーザー回折型粒度分布装置で計測される体積換算の累積50%粒子径(D50粒子径)が1.0〜5.0μmである金属粒子を含む。金属ペースト(の塗膜)の焼結時には、金属ナノ粒子が焼結して、金属粒子を連結するようにして、金属接合層が形成される。この際金属接合層にボイドが形成されにくくするためには、金属粒子のD50粒子径は1.2〜3.0μmであることが好ましく、1.4〜2.0μmであることがより好ましい。
本発明で使用される溶媒は、焼成温度よりも低い温度で揮散する性質を有するものを用いるとよい。揮散は沸騰による蒸発であっても、分解であってもよい。具体的には沸点もしくは分解温度が300℃以下のものを採用することが好ましい。
本発明において、重要なのは上述した溶剤候補において、その溶剤の沸点を階層ごとに分類し、それらを組み合わせることにより、金属層の形成段階において溶剤の沸騰や分解のタイミングを一度に行わせるのではなく、数段階に分けて行わせることにある。そうすることによって、焼結による金属層の収縮が一度に進みすぎることを緩和することが可能となる。
40〜700℃における金属ペーストの重量減少は、ペーストを構成する溶媒、添加物および粒子の表面を構成する有機物の総和である。本発明のペーストにおける熱処理温度(最大で300℃)よりもはるかに高温での熱処理後の重量減少量を基準としているのは、ペースト中における難燃もしくは難分解性の物質をも除去されうる温度を基準とすることにより、ペースト中の有機物として除去可能な量を算出することを目的としたためである。この温度よりも高温としてしまうと、金属の焼結が進み、金属層中に有機物が取り込まれたままになり、用を足さなくなるので適当ではない。以降、重量減少量のことを減量値ともいう。
本発明における金属ペーストは窒素中における40〜100℃における重量減少量は40〜700℃における重量減少量累積値L700を100とした場合、25以上75以下、好ましくは30以上70以下、一層好ましくは60以下、より一層好ましくは50以下である。この値が70よりも大きい値を示すと、低温領域においてペーストから一挙に溶剤が脱離することを示すため、焼結の不均一化の原因にもなるので好ましくない。また、溶剤等の非金属成分の一定量が残存することによって、昇温による被接合部材の熱膨張と、接合材で形成された塗膜の収縮という反対方向の動きによる、金属ナノ粒子と被接合部材との接点の減少が抑制されることにより、金属層の良好な形成に寄与するため好ましい。
本発明における金属ペーストは窒素中における40〜150℃における重量減少量は40〜700℃における重量減少量累積値L700を100とした場合、90以上、好ましくは93以上、一層好ましくは95以上である。この値が低い場合には、ペースト中に難分解、難脱離性成分が多く金属層の形成に影響をする場合があるため好ましくない。
本発明における金属ペーストは窒素中における40〜200℃における重量減少量は40〜700℃における重量減少量累積値L700を100とした場合、95以上、好ましくは98以上である。この値が低い場合には、ペースト中に難分解、難脱離性成分が多く金属層の形成に影響をする場合があるため好ましくない。この値が99.9を上回ると、焼成温度を200〜300℃に設定していた場合に、粒子の焼結が局所的に進行してしまう場合があり好ましくない。
ペーストにおける焼結性や接合強度へ影響を及ぼさない範囲内で、本発明のペーストには公知の添加物を適正な範囲内で添加することが出来る。具体的には、酸系分散剤やリン酸エステル系分散剤などの分散剤、ガラスフリットなどの焼結促進剤、酸化防止剤、粘度調整剤、有機バインダー(例えば樹脂バインダー)、無機バインダー、pH調整剤、緩衝剤、消泡剤、レベリング剤、揮発抑制剤が挙げられる。添加剤の接合材における含有量は、0.1質量%以下とすることが好ましい。
本発明の金属ペーストは、金属ナノ粒子と溶剤、更に他の任意成分を公知の方法で混練することで、製造することができる。混練の方法は特に制限されるものではなく、例えば、各成分を個別に用意し、任意の順で、超音波分散、ディスパー、三本ロールミル、ボールミル、ビーズミル、二軸ニーダー、又は公転式攪拌機などで混練することによって、接合用金属ペーストを製造することができる。
本発明による接合は、本発明の接合材の実施の形態を用いて2つの被接合部材を接合する方法であり、この方法により、端部まで均一な接合層を形成することができ、接合強度が高くかつ金属接合層のボイド量が十分に低減された接合体を得ることができる。本発明の接合方法の実施の形態は、塗膜形成工程と、載置工程と、焼結工程とを有し、その他予備乾燥工程等を実施してもよい。以下、これら各工程について説明する。
本工程では、一方の被接合部材に本発明の接合用金属ペーストをスクリーン印刷、メタルマスク印刷、インクジェット印刷といった印刷法などにより塗布して塗膜を形成する。選択された印刷方法により、ペーストやインクの粘度は適宜調整されうる。前記一方の被接合部材の例としては、基板が挙げられる。基板としては、銅基板などの金属基板、銅と何らかの金属(例えばW(タングステン)やMo(モリブデン))との合金基板、銅板をSiN(窒化珪素)やAlN(窒化アルミニウム)などに挟んだセラミック基板、更にPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)基板などのプラスチック基板、場合によってプリント配線基板などが挙げられる。さらにこれらを積層した積層基板も、本発明の接合方法を適用することが出来る。被接合部材の接合材が塗布される個所は、金属でメッキされていてもよい。塗膜中の金属成分との接合相性の観点からは、前記一方の被接合部材の金属メッキにおける金属の種類は、接合材における金属成分の構成金属と同じとすることも出来る。
続いて、前記の一方の被接合部材上に形成された塗膜の上に、他方の被接合部材を載置する。この他方の被接合部材の例としては、SiチップやSiCチップなどの半導体素子、一方の被接合部材の例として挙げたのと同様の基板が挙げられる。また、基板にはペーストは塗布せず、SiチップやSiCチップやICチップの裏面にペーストを塗布して準備することも出来る。
他方の被接合部材が載置された塗膜を加熱して焼結する際に、余分な有機成分を除去する目的で、塗膜上に他方の被接合部材を載置する前又は後に(載置工程の前又は後に)、塗膜を予備乾燥する予備乾燥工程を実施してもよい。予備乾燥は塗膜から溶剤の一部を除去することを目的としており、溶剤が揮発し、かつ金属ナノ粒子が焼結を実質的に起こさないような条件で乾燥する。このため、予備乾燥は塗膜を60〜150℃で加熱することによって実施することが好ましい。この加熱による乾燥は大気圧下で行ってもよいし、減圧ないし真空下で行ってもよい。また、次に説明する焼結工程において、焼結温度までの昇温速度が7℃/分以下であれば、焼結温度までの昇温をもって予備乾燥工程を実施することができる。基板や金属粒子の成分として酸化されやすい金属が構成成分として含まれている(例えば、銅や銅合金が基板の金属や、金属粒子として使用することを想定する)場合、酸化防止の観点から不活性雰囲気中で実施することが好ましい。
載置工程を実施して必要に応じて予備乾燥工程を実施した後、2つの被接合部材にサンドイッチされた塗膜を1.5℃/分〜10℃/分の昇温速度で室温から200〜350℃の焼結温度まで昇温し、その焼結温度で1分以上2時間未満の時間保持して、前記塗膜から金属接合層を形成する。この金属接合層は、接合強度に優れ、またボイドが少ない。従ってこの焼結により、2つの被接合部材を強固に、高い信頼性をもって接合することができる。
[金属ナノ粒子の調製]
5Lの反応槽に水3400gを入れ、この反応槽の下部に設けたノズルから3000mL/分の流量で窒素を反応槽内の水中に600秒間流して溶存酸素を除去した後、反応槽の上部から3000mL/分の流量で窒素を反応槽中に供給して反応槽内を窒素雰囲気にするとともに、反応槽内に設けた撹拌羽根付き撹拌棒により撹拌しながら、反応槽内の水の温度が60℃になるように調整した。この反応槽内の水に28質量%のアンモニアを含むアンモニア水7gを添加した後、1分間撹拌して均一な溶液にした。この反応槽内の溶液に有機化合物として飽和脂肪酸であるヘキサン酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)45.5g(銀に対するモル比は1.98)を添加して4分間撹拌して溶解した後、還元剤として50質量%のヒドラジン水和物(大塚化学株式会社製)23.9g(銀に対して4.82当量)を添加して、還元剤溶液とした。
金属粒子として、走査型電子顕微鏡により測定した平均一次粒子径が800nmの銀粒子であるAG−3−60(DOWAハイテック株式会社製)を用意した。
下記表1に記載の金属成分及び非金属成分を表1に記載の配合割合(質量%)で混練して、実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜7の接合材を調製した。表1では、非金属成分を溶剤として記載している。
上記で調製した実施例1〜5及び比較例1〜7の各接合材を10mm×10mm(厚さ1mm)の銅基板にメタルマスク(開口部2.5mm×2.5mm、厚さ70μm)で塗布した。銅基板上に形成された各接合材の塗膜上に、2mm×2mm(厚さ0.3mm)の、底面(被接合面)が正方形形状のSi素子を載置して、0.47Nの力を1秒かけた。これをN2雰囲気中で、25℃から250℃まで3℃/分で昇温させ、250℃で60分間、焼成して銀接合層を形成し、接合体を得た。
SERIES4000(DAGE社製)を用い、図1に示すようにして、上記で得られた接合体のシェア強度を測定した。具体的には、接合体は、銅基板3と、その上に形成された銀接合層2と、その上に形成され銀接合層2により銅基板3と接合しているSi素子1とからなる。このSi素子1の側面から、シェアツール4で5mm/minに設定して銅基板3の水平方向に力をかけ、破断したときの力をSi素子1の底面の面積で割って、接合体のシェア強度を求めた。なお、銅基板3から高さ50μmの位置に、シェアツール4の下端が当たるようにして上記試験を行った。
各接合体のSi素子−銀接合層−銅基板の接合部を、マイクロフォーカスX線透視装置(SMX−16LT、島津製作所製)で、撮影した。得られた画像を画像処理ソフト(商品名:ペイントショップ)で2値化した。図2は、実施例3における接合用金属ペーストを用いて形成した接合部を、マイクロフォーカスX線透過装置で撮影した結果である。図3は、比較例4における接合用金属ペーストを用いて形成した接合部を、マイクロフォーカスX線透過装置で撮影した結果である。その後、ボイド率を決定した。得られた粒子のシェア強度およびボイド率は表1に併せて示す。
(金属ナノ粒子の調製)
5Lの反応槽に水3400gを入れ、この反応槽の下部に設けたノズルから3000m
L/分の流量で窒素を反応槽内の水中に600秒間流して溶存酸素を除去した後、反応槽の上部から3000mL/分の流量で窒素を反応槽中に供給して反応槽内を窒素雰囲気にするとともに、反応槽内に設けた撹拌羽根付き撹拌棒により撹拌しながら、反応槽内の水の温度が60℃になるように調整した。この反応槽内の水に28重量%のアンモニアを含むアンモニア水7gを添加した後、1分間撹拌して均一な溶液にした。この反応槽内の溶液に有機化合物として飽和脂肪酸であるヘキサン酸(和光純薬工業株式会社製)45.5g(銀に対するモル比は1.98)を添加して4分間撹拌して溶解した後、還元剤として50重量%のヒドラジン水和物(大塚化学株式会社製)23.9g(銀に対して4.82当量)を添加して、還元剤溶液とした。
酸銀水溶液を銀塩水溶液として用意し、この銀塩水溶液の温度が60℃になるように調整し、この銀塩水溶液に硝酸銅三水和物(和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.00008g(銀に対して銅換算で1ppm)を添加した。なお、硝酸銅三水和物の添加は、ある程度高濃度の硝酸銅三水和物の水溶液を希釈した水溶液を狙いの銅の添加量になるように添加することによって行った。
還元反応を開始させた。この還元反応の開始から約10秒で反応液であるスラリーの色の変化が終了し、攪拌しながら10分間熟成させた後、攪拌を終了し、吸引濾過による固液分離を行い、得られた固形物を純水で洗浄し、40℃で12時間真空乾燥して、(ヘキサン酸で被覆された)銀微粒子の乾燥粉末を得た。なお、この銀微粒子中の銀の割合は、加熱によりヘキサン酸を除去した後の重量から、97重量%であることが算出された。また、この銀微粒子の平均一次粒子径を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により求めたところ、17nmであった。
金属粒子として、走査型電子顕微鏡写真(SEM像)により求めた平均一次粒子径が800nmの銀粒子であるAG−3−60(DOWAハイテック株式会社製)を用意した。また比較として、走査型電子顕微鏡写真(SEM像)により求めた平均一次粒子径が300nmであるAG−2−1C(DOWAハイテック株式会社製)を用意した。
下記表1に記載の銀粒子及び溶剤、並びにその他の成分を表1に記載の配合割合(質量
%)で混練して、実施例1及び比較例1の接合材を調製した。
銀微粒子及びAG−3−60を、表1の実施例1についてのこれらの銀粒子の配合割合と同じ質量割合(20:72=21.7:78.3)で、合計100g計量した。また銀微粒子及びAG−2−1Cを、表1の比較例1についてのこれらの銀粒子の配合割合と同じ質量割合(20:72=21.7:78.3)で、合計100g計量した。
メーカー:SII(セイコーインスツルメンツ株式会社)
型番:TMA/SS6200
昇温速度:3℃/min
測定温度:30〜700℃
測定荷重:700mN(プローブ面積:φ3mmなので0.1MPa相当)
測定雰囲気:窒素を熱機械分析装置内に200mL/minの流量で流した。
上記で調製した実施例1及び比較例1の各接合材を30mm×30mm(厚さ1mm)の銅基板にメタルマスク(開口部13.5mm×13.5mm、厚さ150μm)で塗布した。銅基板上に形成された各接合材の塗膜上に、13mm×13mm(厚さ0.3mm)の、底面が正方形形状のSi素子を載置した。これをN2雰囲気中で25℃から250℃まで3℃/分で昇温させ、当該温度で60分間、無加圧で焼成して銀接合層を形成し、接合体を得た。
各接合体のSi素子−銀接合層−銅基板の接合部を、超音波顕微鏡(C−SAMD−9500、sonoscan社製)で、プローブ(トランスデューサー)として50MHzのものを用いてSi素子側から撮影した。得られた画像を画像処理ソフト(商品名:ペイントショップ)で2値化した後、Si素子の銀接合層と接触する面における、その輪郭を構成する辺からの距離が接触面の中心から前記辺までの距離の20%以内の領域A、すなわちSi素子の各辺から1.3mm以内の領域における、前記銀接合層との間にボイドが生じている面積割合を求めた。黒い部位はボイドなしと判断し、白い部位はボイドありと判断した。
Claims (12)
- 一次粒子径の個数平均値が10〜100nmである金属ナノ粒子(A)を含む接合用金属ペーストであって、ペーストを窒素雰囲気中3℃/分の昇温速度で40℃から700℃まで昇温したときにおける、減量値の累積値(L700)を100としたとき、40℃から100℃まで昇温したときにおける減量値の累積値(L100)が75以下であり、40℃から150℃まで昇温したときにおける減量値の累積値(L150)が90以上であって、40℃から200℃まで昇温したときにおける減量値の累積値(L200)が98以上であって、金属ナノ粒子(A)を含んだ金属粒子、溶剤、分散剤などの添加剤を含む接合用金属ペースト全量を100質量%とし、焼成温度Tb(℃)としたとき、沸点もしくは分解温度がTb−50(℃)以上Tb+50(℃)以下である溶剤が、5質量%以上10質量%以下である、接合用金属ペースト。
- 40℃から200℃まで昇温したときにおける減量値の累積値(L200)が99.9以下の請求項1に記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- 金属ナノ粒子(A)を含んだ金属粒子、溶剤、分散剤などの添加剤を含む接合用金属ペースト全量を100質量%としたとき、焼成温度Tb(℃)としたとき、沸点もしくは分解温度が焼成温度Tb+50(℃)よりも高い成分を1.5質量%以下含有する、請求項1または2に記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- 一次粒子径の個数平均値が10〜100nmである金属ナノ粒子(A)を含んだ金属粒子を含む接合用金属ペーストであって、当該ペーストに含まれる金属粒子は窒素雰囲気中0.1MPaで加圧しながら、3℃/分の昇温速度で30℃から250℃まで昇温しながら行う熱機械分析において計測される収縮率が1.5%以下である、請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- 金属粒子の30℃から200℃まで昇温しながら行う熱機械分析において計測される収縮率が0.5%以下である、請求項4に記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- 金属粒子の30℃から175℃まで昇温しながら行う熱機械分析において計測される収縮率が0.3%以下である、請求項4または5に記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- レーザー回折型粒度分布装置により計測される体積換算の平均粒子径(D50)1.0〜5.0μmの金属粒子(B)を含む、請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- 金属ナノ粒子(A)と金属粒子(B)の重量混合比は(A)/(B)で0.25以下である、請求項7に記載の接合用金属ペースト。
- 2つの被接合部材の接合方法であって、被接合部材に請求項1ないし8のいずれかに記載された接合用金属ペーストを塗布する工程、該塗膜上に他方の前記ペーストの塗布された被接合物をもう一方の被接合部材に戴置する工程、戴置後に200〜350℃の焼結温度まで昇温し、焼結温度で2時間未満保持して、金属接合層を形成する工程を備えた接合方法。
- 接合用金属ペーストを塗布した後に、50〜150℃の温度で乾燥する工程を備えた請求項9に記載の接合方法。
- 焼結温度までの室温からの昇温速度が毎分1.5〜10℃である、請求項9または10に記載の接合方法。
- 接合用金属ペーストを塗布する面積(接合面積)が9mm2以上である、請求項9ないし11のいずれかに記載の接合方法。
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