JP6825789B2 - 組織の高分解能マッピングのためのシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
組織の高分解能マッピングのためのシステムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2014年11月19日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/081,710号明細書および2015年5月11日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/159,898号明細書に対する優先権を主張し、それらの各々の全内容が全体として参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
置またはシステムとともに、前記別個のマッピングシステムによって適切に対象とされていない組織領域におけるマッピングデータを提供するためにロービング(roving)装置として使用され、別個のマッピング装置またはシステムは複数のマッピング電極を備える。
ジュールに電気的に結合されている。
ップ電極または高分解能セクション電極によって取得された標的解剖学的領域の高分解能マッピングの少なくとも一部に基づく。一実施形態では、高分解能マッピングデータを受け取るステップは、カテーテルに配置された高分解能チップ電極に通電する前、通電する間、または通電した後に発生する。
、システムは出力デバイス(たとえば、1つまたは複数のモニタ)を備える。いくつかの実施形態では、プロセッサはデータ取得装置内に統合されている。他の実施形態では、プロセッサはデータ取得装置とは別個である。
グシステムの複数のマッピング電極からデータを受け取るように構成されている。一実施形態では、別個のデータ取得システムはプロセッサに作動的に結合するように構成されている。
ステムの一部であり、多電極装置またはシステムは少なくとも1つの拡張可能部材を備え、マッピング電極のうちの少なくともいくつかは少なくとも1つの拡張可能部材に配置されている。いくつかの実施形態では、ロービングシステムはカテーテルを備え、カテーテルは少なくとも1つのマッピング電極を備える。一実施形態では、標的解剖学的領域は対象者の心臓に沿ってまたはその近くに位置する。いくつかの実施形態では、標的解剖学的領域は心臓組織を含む。いくつかの実施形態では、3次元マップは活性化マップ、伝播速度マップ、電圧マップまたは旋回マップのうちの少なくとも1つを含む。いくつかの実施形態では、
すること、別個のマッピングシステムとの統合(たとえば、シームレスなまたは略シームレスな統合)を提供すること、より安全かつより信頼性の高いアブレーション処置を提供すること等である。
ラックパッドまたは他の入力デバイス等、1つまたは複数の入出力デバイスまたはコンポーネント44を含むことができる。こうしたデバイスにより、医師または他の使用者は、システム10に情報を入力しかつ/またはシステム10から情報を受け取ることができる。いくつかの実施形態では、出力デバイス44は、組織温度情報、接触情報、他の測定情報および/もしくは他のデータ、または特定の治療処置を調節するために有用であり得る指標を提供する、タッチスクリーンまたは他のディスプレイを含むことができる。
より大きい(たとえば、20〜25倍、25〜30倍、30倍より大きい等)場合がある。さらに他の実施形態では、遠位側電極30Aおよび近位側電極30Bの長さは略等しい。いくつかの実施形態では、遠位側電極30Aは、(たとえば、1〜2倍、2〜3倍、3〜4倍、4〜5倍、5〜6倍、6〜7倍、7〜8倍、8〜9倍、9〜10倍、10〜11倍、11〜12倍、12〜13倍、13〜14倍、14〜15倍、15〜16倍、16〜17倍、17〜18倍、18〜19倍、19〜20倍、上記範囲の間の値等、1〜20倍)近位側電極30Bより長い。
1mm等(たとえば、0.1〜0.2mm、0.2〜0.3mm、0.3〜0.4mm、0.4〜0.5mm、0.5〜0.6mm、0.6〜0.7mm、0.7〜0.8mm、0.8〜0.9mm、0.9〜1.0mm、上記範囲の間の値、0.1mmより小さい、1mmより大きい等)、0.5mmより大きいかまたは小さい。
施形態では、セパレータ118は、約0.5mmの長さを有することができる。しかしながら、他の実施形態では、セパレータ118の長さは、要求または必要に応じて、0.5mmより大きいかまたは小さい(たとえば、0.1〜0.2mm、0.2〜0.3mm、0.3〜0.4mm、0.4〜0.5mm、0.5〜0.6mm、0.6〜0.7mm、0.7〜0.8mm、0.8〜0.9mm、0.9〜1.0mm、上記範囲の間の値、0.1mmより小さい、1mmより大きい等)場合がある。セパレータは、1つまたは複数の絶縁材料(たとえば、金属または合金の導電率より約1000以下(たとえば、500〜600、600〜700、700〜800、800〜900、900〜1000、1000〜1100、1100〜1200、1200〜1300、1300〜1400、1400〜1500、上記範囲の間の値、500より小さい、1500を超える等)低い導電性を有する材料)を含むことができる。セパレータは、たとえば、テフロン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(PEEK)、ポリオキシメチレン、アセタール樹脂またはポリマー等の1つまたは複数の絶縁材料を含むことができる。
熱を除去するのに役立つことができる。いくつかの実施形態では、こうした開放灌注システムは、特に、電極が接触する組織に沿って、標的組織の過熱の可能性を防止するかまたは低減させるのに役立つことができる。開放灌注設計はまた、図2に概略的に示すシステムにも組み込まれる。たとえば、図2に示すように、遠位側電極または電極部分30Aは複数の出口ポート36を含むことができ、生理食塩水または他の灌注流体はそこを通って出ることができる。
極の近くに送達することができ、第2チューブまたは他の導管を用いて、カテーテルを通して反対方向に流体を戻すことができる。
つかの実施形態では、フィルタリング素子84の静電容量は、特定の周波数または周波数範囲における目標インピーダンスに基づいて選択される。たとえば、いくつかの実施形態では、200kHz〜10MHzの周波数(たとえば、200〜300kHz、300〜400kHz、400〜500kHz、500〜600kHz、600〜700kHz、700〜800kHz、800〜900kHz、900〜1000kHz、最大10MHz、または上記範囲の間の高い方の周波数等)でシステムを動作させることができる。したがって、隣接する電極または電極部分を互いに結合するコンデンサは、特定の周波数に対する目標インピーダンスに基づいて選択することができる。たとえば、100nFコンデンサは、500kHzの動作アブレーション周波数で約3Ωの結合インピーダンスを提供する。
を有する。いくつかの実施形態では、こうしたシステム500は、対象者の心腔(たとえば、心房、心室)内に配置されかつそこで拡張するようなサイズであり、形状であり、かつ/または他に構成される。いくつかの構成では、ストラットは、拡張したシステム500が、それが配置される体内腔または他の空間(たとえば、心房)に沿うかまたは概して沿うのを可能にするように十分な弾性、安定性、可撓性および/または他の特性を有する。図9には、市販のシステムの一表現を示すが、マッピング電極を備えるこうしたシステムは、たとえば、対象者の標的組織、所望のまたは必要な電極の数等、1つもしくは複数の要素および/または他の考慮事項に応じて、他の任意の形状、サイズおよび/または構成を含むことができる。たとえば、他の実施形態では、特定の用途または使用に対する要求または必要に応じて、こうしたシステムは、より多いかまたはより少ない電極、非球形の形状(たとえば、円錐形、円筒状、不規則等)等を含むことができる。
に依存することはない。例として、図10に概略的に示すように、別個のマッピングシステム500のマッピング電極520の間の1つまたは複数のギャップに対して、高分解能チップ設計の高分解能能力を用いてマッピングの観点から「充填する」かまたは対処することができる。したがって、図10に概略的に示すように、追加のマッピングデータが必要とされるかまたは要求される場所530に、高分解能チップ電極システムを向けることができる。
ング装置もしくはシステム20は、1つまたは複数の双極マッピング電極(たとえば、高分解能チップ電極)を含むことができる。したがって、こうした構成では、電極を用いて、参照電極を使用することなくマッピングデータを取得することができる。しかしながら、いくつかの実施形態では、多電極マッピング装置もしくはシステム500および/またはロービング装置もしくはシステム20は、1つまたは複数の単極マッピング電極を含むことができる。こうした構成では、それらの単極電極に対して所望のマッピングデータを取得するために、1つまたは複数の参照電極が必要である。したがって、いくつかの実施形態では、マッピングシステム600は、1つまたは複数の参照電極を含む場合がある。こうした参照電極は、要求または必要に応じて、対象者の外部(たとえば、右脚電極等、対象者の皮膚に固定された電極)、および/または対象者の内部(たとえば、対象者の上大静脈もしくは下大静脈または他の血管内)に配置することができる。
ッピング電極を備える拡張可能装置と、高分解能カテーテルと拡張可能マッピング装置のマッピング電極との両方からマッピングデータを受け取るように構成されたデータ取得装置とを備える。こうした構成では、システムは、データ取得装置からマッピングデータを受け取り、かつこうしたデータを処理して(たとえば、位置合せして)組織の改善されたマップ(たとえば、3次元マップ)を生成するように構成されたプロセッサをさらに含むことができる。いくつかの実施形態では、システムは、ディスプレイまたは他の出力デバイスを備える(またはディスプレイまたは他の出力デバイスに、たとえば有線または無線接続を介して作動的に結合するように構成される)。
になり、かつ/またはさまざまな症状を治療するために必要なアブレーションの回数を減少させることができる。
テムは、別個のマッピング装置またはシステム(たとえば、多電極マッピングシステムまたは装置、高分解能電極を有するロービングカテーテル等)から受け取られたマッピングデータを受け取りかつそれを処理するために、別個のプロセッサを必要としない。ロービングカテーテルは、スプリットチップ電極設計および/または他の任意の高分解能構成を含むことができる。プロセッサは、ロービングカテーテルおよび別個のマッピング装置またはシステムから取得されるマッピングデータに基づいて、組織を選択的に焼灼するように構成することができる。
ピュータ実行可能命令として実施することができる。当業者には理解されるように、有形のコンピュータ記憶媒体に格納されたこうしたコンピュータ実行可能命令は、コンピュータプロセッサ等のコンピュータハードウェアによって実行される具体的な関数を定義する。概して、こうした実施形態では、コンピュータ実行可能命令は、少なくとも1つのコンピュータプロセッサによってアクセス可能なメモリにロードされる。したがって、少なくとも1つのコンピュータプロセッサはそれらの命令を実行し、コンピュータハードウェアに対して、コンピュータ実行可能命令によって定義された具体的な関数を実行させる。当業者には理解されるように、コンピュータ実行可能命令のコンピュータによる実行は、具体的な機能を実行するように配線されるハードウェア回路を含む電子ハードウェアによる同じ機能の実行と均等である。したがって、本明細書に例示する実施形態は、典型的には、コンピュータハードウェアおよびコンピュータ実行可能命令の何らかの組合せとして実施されるが、本明細書に例示する実施形態は、本明細書に例示する具体的な関数を実行するように配線された1つまたは複数の電子回路として実施することも可能である。
はない。本明細書に開示した方法は、専門家によって行われるいくつかの行為を含むが、それらは、明示的にまたは暗示的に、それらの行為の任意の第3者の命令も含むことができる。たとえば、「カテーテルを前進させること」または「アブレーション部材にエネルギーを送達すること」等の行為は、それぞれ「カテーテルを前進させるように命令すること」または「アブレーション部材にエネルギーを送達するように命令すること」を含む。本明細書に開示する範囲はまた、そのあらゆる部分的重なり、部分的範囲およびその組合せも包含する。「最大」、「少なくとも」、「〜を超える」、「より小さい」、「間」等の用語は、列挙される数字を含む。「約」または「およそ」等の用語に続く数字は、列挙される数字を含む。たとえば、「約10mm」は「10mm」を含む。「実質的に」等の用語に続く用語または句は、列挙される用語または句を含む。たとえば、「実質的に平行」は「平行」を含む。
Claims (18)
- 対象者の標的組織を高分解能マッピングしかつ焼灼する装置であって、
近位端および遠位端を備える細長い本体、
前記細長い本体に配置された第1電極部分と、
前記第1電極部分に隣接して配置された第2電極部分であって、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分は、前記対象者の組織と接触し、かつ前記組織を少なくとも部分的に焼灼するのに十分な高周波エネルギーを送達するように構成されている、少なくとも1つの第2電極部分、ならびに
前記第1電極部分と前記第2電極部分との間に配置された少なくとも1つの絶縁ギャップであって、前記第1電極部分と前記第2電極部分とを分離するギャップ幅を有する、少なくとも1つの絶縁ギャップ
を備え、
前記装置が、焼灼エネルギーが前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分に送達されていないときに前記組織に関する高分解能マッピングデータを取得するように、前記対象者の標的組織内に配置されるように構成されており、
前記装置が、別個のマッピング装置またはシステムとともに、前記別個のマッピングシステムによって適切に対象とされていない組織領域におけるマッピングデータを提供するためにロービング装置として使用され、前記別個のマッピング装置またはシステムが複数のマッピング電極を備え、
前記第1電極部分が、フィルタリング素子を用いて前記第2電極部分に電気的に結合するように構成され、前記フィルタリング素子が、コイル及びコンデンサを有するLC回路を含み、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を介して焼灼エネルギーを送達するために使用される周波数で低インピーダンスを示すように構成されており、
前記第1電極部分と前記第2電極部分とを電気的に分離することにより、標的解剖学的領域に沿った高分解能マッピングが容易になり、
前記装置が、前記取得されたマッピングデータの一部に基づき、焼灼エネルギーが前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を介して送達されると、前記対象者の標的組織の1つまたは複数の領域を焼灼するように構成されており、
前記フィルタリング素子が、第1高周波範囲で前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分からの高周波焼灼エネルギーの同時適用を可能にし、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を別々の電極として動作させて、前記第1高周波範囲とは異なる第2周波数範囲
でのマッピングを容易にするように構成されている、
装置。 - 前記第1電極部分と前記第2電極部分とを電気的に分離することにより、標的解剖学的領域に沿った高分解能マッピングが容易になる、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記第1電極部分が、フィルタリング素子を用いて前記第2電極部分に電気的に結合するように構成され、前記フィルタリング素子が、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を介して焼灼エネルギーを送達するために使用される周波数で低インピーダンスを示すように構成されている、請求項1または2に記載の装置。
- 前記フィルタリング素子が前記細長い本体上またはその中に含まれる、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記装置が、前記取得されたマッピングデータの一部に基づき、焼灼エネルギーが前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分に送達されると、前記対象者の標的組織の1つまたは複数の領域を焼灼するように構成されている、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 組織が適切に焼灼されたか否かを判断するように構成されている、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 組織が適切に焼灼されたか否かの判断が、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を用いて取得された電位図の振幅を基準電位図振幅と比較することによって決定される、請求項6に記載の装置。
- データ取得装置とプロセッサとが作動的に結合するように構成される装置であって、
前記データ取得装置は、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分からマッピングデータを受け取るように構成され、
前記データ取得装置は、前記別個のマッピング装置またはシステムに結合するように、かつ、前記別個のマッピング装置またはシステムからマッピングデータを受け取るように構成され、
前記プロセッサは、前記別個のマッピング装置またはシステムから前記データ取得装置によって受け取られた前記マッピングデータから3次元マップを生成するように構成される、
請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の装置。 - 対象者の標的解剖学的組織に対するマッピングデータを取得するシステムであって、
前記標的解剖学的組織に沿って組織をマッピングするように構成された少なくとも1つの高分解能電極を備えるカテーテルと、
前記カテーテルからマッピングデータを受け取るように構成されたデータ取得装置であって、
別個のマッピング装置に結合するように構成され、前記別個のマッピング装置からマッピングデータを受け取るように構成され、前記別個のマッピング装置が複数のマッピング電極を備える、データ取得装置と、
前記データ取得装置によって前記カテーテルおよび前記別個のマッピング装置から受け取られた前記マッピングデータから3次元マップを生成するように構成されたプロセッサと
を備え、
前記複数のマッピング電極は、少なくとも第1電極部分と第2電極部分とを含み、フィ
ルタリング要素と結合され、前記第1電極部分が、フィルタリング素子を用いて前記第2電極部分に電気的に結合するように構成され、前記フィルタリング素子が、コイル及びコンデンサを有するLC回路を含み、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を介して焼灼エネルギーを送達するために使用される周波数で低インピーダンスを示すように構成されており、
前記第1電極部分と前記第2電極部分とを電気的に分離することにより、標的解剖学的領域に沿った高分解能マッピングが容易になり、
前記装置が、前記取得されたマッピングデータの一部に基づき、焼灼エネルギーが前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を介して送達されると、前記対象者の標的組織の1つまたは複数の領域を焼灼するように構成されており、
前記フィルタリング素子が、第1高周波範囲で前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分からの高周波焼灼エネルギーの同時適用を可能にし、前記第1電極部分および前記第2電極部分を別々の電極として動作させて、前記第1高周波範囲とは異なる第2周波数範囲でのマッピングを容易にするように構成されている、
システム。 - 前記カテーテルが高分解能チップ電極を備える、請求項9に記載のシステム。
- 前記別個のマッピングシステムが少なくとも1つの拡張可能部材を備え、前記複数のマッピング電極のうちの少なくともいくつかが前記少なくとも1つの拡張可能部材に沿って配置されている、請求項9または10に記載のシステム。
- 前記別個のマッピング装置から受け取られた前記マッピングデータが単極信号を含む、請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記別個のマッピング装置から受け取られた前記マッピングデータが双極信号を含む、請求項9〜11のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記カテーテルおよび前記別個のマッピング装置から取得されたマッピングデータを位置合せするかまたは同期させるように構成されている、請求項9〜13のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記3次元マップを表示する出力デバイスに結合するように構成されている、請求項9〜14のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記出力デバイスを備える、請求項15に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが前記データ取得装置内に統合されている、請求項9〜16のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサが前記データ取得装置とは別個である、請求項9〜16のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
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- 2015-11-18 AU AU2015350007A patent/AU2015350007A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20160278857A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
US9510905B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 |
EP3808298B1 (en) | 2023-07-05 |
WO2016081606A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
EP3220844B1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
AU2015350007A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
US10413212B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
CA2967829A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
EP3220844A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
EP3220844A4 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
EP3808298A1 (en) | 2021-04-21 |
US20190350490A1 (en) | 2019-11-21 |
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