JP6779435B2 - 炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6779435B2 JP6779435B2 JP2017035244A JP2017035244A JP6779435B2 JP 6779435 B2 JP6779435 B2 JP 6779435B2 JP 2017035244 A JP2017035244 A JP 2017035244A JP 2017035244 A JP2017035244 A JP 2017035244A JP 6779435 B2 JP6779435 B2 JP 6779435B2
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- calcium carbonate
- sintered body
- sintering
- producing
- porous sintered
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims description 202
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 100
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 85
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LIFHMKCDDVTICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(chloromethyl)phenanthridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCl)=NC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 LIFHMKCDDVTICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C01F11/18—Carbonates
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Description
本発明において用いる炭酸カルシウムは、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造に用いることができるものであれば特に限定されない。緻密な壁部を有する多孔質焼結体を作製することができるという観点からは、透過型電子顕微鏡観察により測定した粒子径分布における平均粒子径(D50)が0.05〜0.30μmの範囲内である炭酸カルシウムが好ましい。
本発明において用いる焼結助剤は、炭酸カルシウムを焼結させて多孔質焼結体を製造することが可能なものであれば、特に限定されることなく用いることができる。焼結助剤としては、例えば、リチウム、ナトリウム及びカリウムの内の少なくとも2種の炭酸塩を含み、かつ融点が600℃以下である焼結助剤が挙げられる。焼結助剤の融点は、550℃以下であることが好ましく、530℃以下であることがより好ましく、450〜520℃の範囲であることがさらに好ましい。焼結助剤の融点を上記範囲にすることにより、より低温で焼成して炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を製造することができる。焼結の際には、炭酸カルシウムに添加して使用することから、実際の融点は上記の温度よりさらに低くなるため焼結助剤として十分に機能する。焼結助剤は、炭酸カリウム及び炭酸リチウムの混合物であることが好ましい。焼結助剤の融点は、例えば、相図から求めることができるし、示差熱分析(DTA)により測定することも可能である。
本発明の分散液には、ゲル化剤が含まれる。ゲル化剤を含むことにより、発泡後の分散発泡体中の気泡の強度が上がり、発泡体の形状を安定化することができる。ゲル化剤としては、メチルセルロースなどの多糖類や、イソブチレン―無水マレイン酸共重合体のアルカリ水溶性ポリマーなどが挙げられる。
本発明においては、水などの分散媒に炭酸カルシウムを徐々に添加しながら、ディスパー、ミキサー、ボールミル等の攪拌力の強い装置を用いて、炭酸カルシウムを分散媒に分散することが好ましい。焼結助剤が必要な場合には、一般に、分散液に添加する。炭酸カルシウムの含有量は、一般に、分散液中において30〜70質量%であることが好ましい。このとき、必要であれば炭酸カルシウム100質量部に対して0〜3質量部程度のポリアクリル酸塩などの高分子界面活性剤を分散剤として添加してもよい。
本発明において用いる発泡剤としては、ラウリル硫酸トリエタノールアミンなどのアルキル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸エステル塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル酢酸塩、アルキルポリグルコシドなどが挙げられる。
本発明では、上記分散液に発泡剤を添加した後撹拌し泡立てることにより発泡体を作製する。発泡剤は、分散液中の発泡剤の濃度が0.01〜5質量%程度となるように添加することが好ましく、0.1〜3質量%程度となるように添加することがより好ましい。攪拌は、ハンドミキサーやディスパーなどで行うことが好ましい。撹拌を行うことで分散液の温度が上昇することがあるため、必要であれば、分散液を冷却しながら撹拌を行ってもよい。
本発明においては、作製した発泡体をゲル化する。発泡体をゲル化することにより、焼結の際に発泡体の形状を保持することができる。ゲル化させる方法としては、分散液中のカルシウムイオンで架橋構造を作ることによりゲル化させる方法、ゲル化剤自身の温度特性を利用してゲル化を促進させる方法などが挙げられる。
本発明においては、ゲル化した発泡体を焼結することにより、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を製造する。本発明においては、仮焼結した後、本焼結することが好ましい。これにより、発泡体中に含まれている有機分が残存、炭化して黒ずんだり、有機分が急激に分解を起こすことで、焼結体にヒビの発生を生じることを防ぐことができる。
本発明の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の気孔率は、50体積%以上であることが好ましく、60体積%以上であることがより好ましく、70体積%以上であることがより好ましく、80体積%以上であることがさらに好ましく、82体積%以上であることが特に好ましい。これにより、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を、生体用途などにも用いることができる。なお、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の気孔率の上限値は特に限定されるものではないが、一般には、95体積%である。
(炭酸カルシウム)
純度99.61質量%、平均粒子径(D50)0.15μm、BET比表面積10m2/gである炭酸カルシウムを用いた。平均粒子径(D50)は、測定対象である炭酸カルシウム粒子について、透過型電子顕微鏡観察により1500個の粒子径を測定し、粒子径分布から求めた。BET比表面積は、島津製作所製のフローソーブ2200を用いて、1点法により測定した。純度は、差分法により導出した。具体的には、誘導結合プラズマ発光分析装置を用いて、質量既知の試料を溶解した測定検液中の不純物量を測定し、得られた結果の和を不純物含量として、全体から不純物含量を引いた値を純度とした。
イオン交換水55質量部と、炭酸カルシウム100質量部と、メチルセルロース0.55質量部と、特殊ポリカルボン酸型高分子界面活性剤2.5質量部(有効部数1.0質量部)と、炭酸カリウム0.32質量部と、炭酸リチウム0.28質量部とをホモディスパーを用いて混合し、分散液を得た。メチルセルロースはゲル化剤であり、特殊ポリカルボン酸型高分子界面活性剤は分散剤であり、炭酸カリウム及び炭酸リチウムは焼結助剤である。
得られた分散液に、発泡剤としてのラウリル硫酸トリエタノールアミン0.97質量部(有効部数0.39質量部)を添加し、ハンドミキサーで、1000rpm、10分間撹拌して泡立て、発泡体を作製した。
発泡体を紙で作製した成形型に入れ、成形型を熱風乾燥機に移し、熱風乾燥機内で発泡体を80℃、0.5時間加熱することにより、発泡体をゲル化させた。ゲル化した発泡体を、80℃、12時間加熱することにより、乾燥させた。
ゲル化して乾燥させた発泡体を、仮焼結温度(400℃)まで5℃/分の昇温速度で昇温させ、昇温後10時間仮焼結を行った。次に、400℃から、同様の昇温速度で本焼結温度(510℃)まで昇温させ、昇温後3時間本焼結を行い、その後、10℃/分の速度で室温まで冷却し、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を得た。
発泡剤の量を、0.97質量部から0.04質量部に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発泡体を作製し、作製した発泡体をゲル化して焼結し、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を得た。得られた炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の気孔率は、64体積%であった。
ゲル化剤として、イソブチレン―無水マレイン酸共重合体のアルカリ水溶性ポリマーを用いる以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発泡体を作製し、作製した発泡体をゲル化して焼結し、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を得た。得られた炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の気孔率は、78体積%であった。
ゲル化剤を用いないこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発泡体を作製し、作製した発泡体をゲル化して焼結した。しかしながら、焼結の際に発泡体の形状を維持することができず、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を得ることができなかった。
図1〜図4は、実施例1で得られた炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の走査型電子顕微鏡写真である。図1は倍率25倍、図2は倍率150倍、図3は倍率5000倍、図4は倍率20000倍である。図1及び図2から明らかなように、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体は、焼結体の外部に至る連通孔を有していることがわかる。また、図3及び図4から明らかなように、炭酸カルシウム粒子が緻密に焼結されて、緻密な壁部を有する多孔質焼結体が形成されていることがわかる。
純度99.99質量%、平均粒子径(D50)0.15μm、BET比表面積10m2/gである炭酸カルシウムを用い、焼結助剤としての炭酸カリウム及び炭酸リチウムを分散液に添加しない以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発泡体を作製し、作製した発泡体をゲル化して焼結し、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を得た。得られた炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の気孔率は、84体積%であった。
純度99.91質量%、平均粒子径(D50)0.15μm、BET比表面積10m2/gである炭酸カルシウムを用い、焼結助剤としての炭酸カリウム及び炭酸リチウムを分散液に添加しない以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発泡体を作製し、作製した発泡体をゲル化して焼結し、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を得た。得られた炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の気孔率は、81体積%であった。
焼結助剤としての炭酸カリウム及び炭酸リチウムを分散液に添加しない以外は、実施例1と同様にして、発泡体を作製し、作製した発泡体をゲル化して焼結したが、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体は得られなかった。
Claims (9)
- 炭酸カルシウムとゲル化剤とを含む分散液を調製する工程と、
前記分散液に発泡剤を添加した後撹拌して泡立て、発泡体を作製する工程と、
前記発泡体をゲル化する工程と、
前記ゲル化した発泡体を焼結することにより、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体を製造する工程とを備える、炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。 - 前記分散液が焼結助剤を含む、請求項1に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記焼結助剤が、リチウム、ナトリウム及びカリウムの内の少なくとも2種の炭酸塩またはフッ化物を含み、かつ融点が600℃以下である、請求項2に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記分散液が、前記炭酸カルシウムを20体積%以上含有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記焼結する工程が、仮焼結した後、本焼結する工程である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 仮焼結の温度が200〜500℃の範囲内であり、本焼結の温度が仮焼結の温度以上で、かつ420〜600℃の範囲内である、請求項5に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記炭酸カルシウムが、透過型電子顕微鏡観察により測定した粒子径分布における平均粒子径(D50)が0.05〜0.30μmの範囲内である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記炭酸カルシウムのBET比表面積が5〜25m2/gである、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
- 前記炭酸カルシウムの純度が99.9質量%以上である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の炭酸カルシウム多孔質焼結体の製造方法。
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JP5694847B2 (ja) | 2011-05-18 | 2015-04-01 | 株式会社白石中央研究所 | 高純度炭酸カルシウムの製造方法 |
CN104030718B (zh) * | 2014-05-20 | 2015-08-19 | 广州医科大学 | 一种掺杂痕量元素的多孔碳酸钙陶瓷及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2017038360A1 (ja) * | 2015-08-31 | 2017-03-09 | 株式会社ジーシー | 炭酸カルシウムを含有する多孔質体の製造方法、炭酸アパタイトを含有する多孔質体の製造方法 |
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US11097987B2 (en) | 2021-08-24 |
US20200055783A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
WO2018155681A1 (ja) | 2018-08-30 |
EP3587379A4 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
KR20190124701A (ko) | 2019-11-05 |
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JP2018140890A (ja) | 2018-09-13 |
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