JP6778747B2 - 胃腸炎症性腸疾患の処置のための、jak阻害剤化合物のプロドラッグ - Google Patents
胃腸炎症性腸疾患の処置のための、jak阻害剤化合物のプロドラッグ Download PDFInfo
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- JP6778747B2 JP6778747B2 JP2018526682A JP2018526682A JP6778747B2 JP 6778747 B2 JP6778747 B2 JP 6778747B2 JP 2018526682 A JP2018526682 A JP 2018526682A JP 2018526682 A JP2018526682 A JP 2018526682A JP 6778747 B2 JP6778747 B2 JP 6778747B2
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- KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiracizine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)CN(C)C)C2=CC(NC(=O)OCC)=CC=C21 KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229960000984 tocofersolan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940039887 tofacitinib 5 mg Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004247 tofacitinib citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108091006106 transcriptional activators Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005591 trimellitate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036269 ulceration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940039916 xeljanz Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPICBUSOMSTKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N xylazine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1NC1=NCCCS1 BPICBUSOMSTKRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001600 xylazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940055760 yervoy Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002076 α-tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004835 α-tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Description
発明の分野
本発明は、消化管へのJAK阻害剤の標的送達のためにデザインされた化合物を対象とする。本発明は、そのような化合物を含む薬学的組成物、胃腸炎症性疾患を処置するためにそのような化合物を使用する方法、ならびにそのような化合物の調製に有用なプロセスおよび中間体にも関する。
主に潰瘍性大腸炎およびクローン病を含む炎症性腸疾患は、消化管の全部または一部の慢性炎症を伴う。潰瘍性大腸炎は、直腸および大腸の粘膜層の炎症および潰瘍化を特徴とし、クローン病は主に回腸を侵すが、腸管に沿ってあらゆる場所で起こり得る。一般的な症候としては、下痢、血便および腹痛が挙げられる。潰瘍性大腸炎の臨床経過は、間欠性であり、悪化と緩解の期間を交互に繰り返すことによって特徴付けられる。発生率は、開発途上国よりも先進国においてより高いと見られる。主要な先進工業国の推定130万人が潰瘍性大腸炎に罹患しており、その数は、人口増加に伴って増加すると予想される。潰瘍性大腸炎を有する患者は、直腸結腸がんを発症するリスクが高い(例えば、Daneseら、N Engl J Med,2011,365,1713−1725)。加えて、先進国では推定100万人がクローン病を患っている。
潰瘍性大腸炎および他の胃腸炎症性疾患の処置のために、消化管において、臨床効果を最適化する一方で、十分に高いトファシチニブ曝露を経口投与で達成して、全身用量制限全身曝露を回避する化合物を提供することが望ましいであろう。
1つの態様では、本発明は、JAK阻害剤トファシチニブの新規グルクロニド含有プロドラッグを提供する。そのようなプロドラッグは、豊富なβ−グルクロニダーゼ(これは、グルクロニド含有プロドラッグ部分を選択的に切断して、消化管、特に結腸におけるトファシチニブの放出をトリガーする)を含有または産生する腸内微生物叢を利用する。
nは、0、1または2であり;
R1は、水素、C1−4アルキル、C1−3アルコキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、ハロ、シアノ、ヒドロキシおよびトリフルオロメチル(trifluromethyl)から選択され;
各R2は、存在する場合には、C1−4アルキル、C1−3アルコキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、ハロ、シアノ、ヒドロキシルおよびトリフルオロメチルから独立して選択され;
R3は、水素、メチルまたはエチルであり;
R4は、水素、メチルまたはエチルである)またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩に関する。
R1は、水素、C1−4アルキル、C1−3アルコキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、ハロ、シアノ、ヒドロキシおよびトリフルオロメチルから選択される)またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩に関する。
(a)式12’の化合物
および
(b)式14’の化合物を脱保護して、式1の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩を提供すること
を含むプロセスに関する。
他の態様の中でも、本発明は、JAKキナーゼ阻害剤トファシチニブのグルクロニドプロドラッグ、その薬学的に許容され得る塩およびその調製のための中間体を提供する。
トファシチニブ(2)は、3−((3R,4R)−4−メチル−3−(メチル(7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−イル)アミノ)ピペリジン−1−イル)−3−オキソプロパンニトリルとして特定され得る。
定義
(a)疾患、障害または病状の発生を予防すること、すなわち、疾患もしくは病状の再発を予防すること、またはその疾患もしくは病状になりやすい患者の予防的処置;
(b)疾患、障害または病状を回復させること、すなわち、患者の疾患、障害もしくは病状を排除するかまたはそれらを後退させること(他の治療剤の効果を相殺することを含む);
(c)疾患、障害または病状を抑制すること、すなわち、患者の疾患、障害または病状の発症を遅延させるかまたは停止させること;または
(d)患者の疾患、障害または病状の症候を軽減すること。
以下の置換基および値は、本発明の種々の態様および実施形態の代表例を提供することを意図する。これらの代表的な値は、そのような態様および実施形態をさらに定義および例示することを意図し、他の実施形態を排除すること、または本発明の範囲を限定することを意図しない。
式(I)の化合物は、添付の実施例に詳細に記載されている合成アプローチにしたがって調製され得る。式1の化合物の調製について具体的にスキーム1に示されているように、合成の重要な工程は、トファシチニブと保護形態のグルクロニドプロドラッグ部分12’との間の尿素結合の形成である。スキーム1では、PGaは、ヒドロキシル保護基、好ましくはアリルまたはアセチルを表すが、tert−ブチルジメチルシリルなどのシリル保護基を含む他のヒドロキシル保護基も使用され得る。
スキーム1
スキーム2
薬学的組成物
錠剤経口固形剤形
本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩(40g)を微結晶性セルロース(445g)、二酸化ケイ素ヒュームド(10g)およびステアリン酸(5g)と十分に混合する。次いで、錠剤プレスで混合物を圧縮して、各100mg重量の錠剤を形成する。各錠剤は、経口投与に好適な8mgの活性剤/単位用量を提供する。
本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩(10g)をコーンスターチ(50g)、クロスカルメロースナトリウム(25g)、ラクトース(110mg)およびステアリン酸マグネシウム(5mg)と十分に混合する。次いで、錠剤プレスで混合物を圧縮して、各200mg重量の錠剤を形成する。各錠剤は、経口投与に好適な10mgの活性剤/単位用量を提供する。
本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩は、例えば、カプセル1つあたり4mg、10mgまたは20mgの活性な作用物質という単位投与量が提供されるように、微結晶性セルロース、ポリビニルピロリドンおよびクロスカルメロースナトリウムと4:5:1:1の比で湿式造粒によって混和され、ゼラチンまたはヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースのカプセルに充填される。
本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩(1〜50mg)を空の経口投与用ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース(HPMC)カプセルに充填する。
キャップ付ボトル中で、本発明の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩(50mg)を100mLの低カロリー混合ベリースポーツドリンクと混合し、完全に溶解する。種々の容量のこの溶液を量り分けて、異なる用量レベルを提供する。
液体製剤
腸溶コーティングされた経口剤形
腸溶コーティングされた経口剤形
有用性
併用療法
Ac=アセチル
ACN=アセトニトリル
alloc=アリルオキシカルボニル
d=日
DCM=ジクロロメタン
DIPEA=N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMAP=4−ジメチルアミノピリジン
Et3N=トリエチルアミン
EtOAc=酢酸エチル
EtOH=エタノール
h=時間
IPA=イソプロピルアルコール
MeOH=メタノール
min=分
RT=室温
tBu=tert−ブチル
TFA=トリフルオロ酢酸
THF=テトラヒドロフラン
カラム:C18、5μm 21.2×150mmまたはC18、5μm 21×250またはC14、5μm 21×150mm
カラム温度:室温
流速:20.0mL/分
移動相:A=水+0.05%TFA
B=ACN+0.05%TFA、
注入体積:(100〜1500μL)
検出器の波長:214nm
方法A
機器:Agilent 1260 HPLC
カラム:LUNA C18(2)、150×4.60mm、3ミクロン
カラム温度:35℃
流速:1.2mL/分
注入体積:5μL
サンプル調製:1:1 ACN:水に溶解して約0.5mg/mL溶液
移動相:A=水:ACN:TFA(98:2:0.05)
B=水:ACN:TFA(30:70:0.05)
検出器の波長:230nm
勾配:合計28分間(時間(分)/%B):0/10、20/100、22/100、23/10、28/10
方法B
機器:Agilent 1260 HPLC
カラム:Zorbax−Bonus RP C14、30×2.1mm、1.8ミクロン
カラム温度:60℃
流速:1.2mL/分
注入体積:3μL
サンプル調製:1:1 ACN:水に溶解して約1.0mg/mL溶液
移動相:A=水:TFA(99.9%:0.1%)
B=ACN:TFA(99.9%:0.1%)
検出器の波長:214nm
勾配:合計3.0分間(時間(分)/%B):0/5、1.5/65、1.8/95、2.1/95、2.5/5、3.0/5
以下の生物学的アッセイの1つまたはそれよりも多くによって、本発明の化合物を特徴付けた。アッセイの説明では、式1の化合物を化合物1と別称する場合があり、本発明のさらなる化合物についても同様である。
例えば、本発明は、以下の項目を提供する。
(項目1)
式(I)の化合物:
[式中、
nは、0、1または2であり;
R 1 は、水素、C 1−4 アルキル、C 1−3 アルコキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、ハロ、シアノ、ヒドロキシおよびトリフルオロメチル(trifluromethyl)から選択され;
各R 2 は、存在する場合には、C 1−4 アルキル、C 1−3 アルコキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、ハロ、シアノ、ヒドロキシルおよびトリフルオロメチルから独立して選択され;
R 3 は、水素、メチルまたはエチルであり;
R 4 は、水素、メチルまたはエチルである]またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
(項目2)
R 1 が水素である、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目3)
R 1 がニトロである、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目4)
R 1 がアミノである、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目5)
nが0である、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目6)
nが1である、項目1に記載の化合物。
(項目7)
式(II)の化合物:
[式中、
R 1 は、水素、C 1−4 アルキル、C 1−3 アルコキシ、アミノ、ニトロ、ハロ、シアノ、ヒドロキシおよびトリフルオロメチルから選択される]またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
(項目8)
R 1 が、水素、メチル、メトキシ、アミノ、ニトロおよびクロロから選択される、項目7に記載の化合物。
(項目9)
R 1 が水素である、項目7に記載の化合物。
(項目10)
R 1 がアミノである、項目7に記載の化合物。
(項目11)
式1の化合物
またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
(項目12)
前記化合物が(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)−6−(4−((((2−(4−(((3R,4R)−1−(2−シアノアセチル)−4−メチルピペリジン−3−イル)(メチル)アミノ)−N−メチル−7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−7−カルボキサミド)エチル)(メチル)カルバモイル)−オキシ)メチル)−2−ニトロフェノキシ)−3,4,5−トリヒドロキシテトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−カルボン酸である、項目11に記載の化合物。
(項目13)
β−グルクロニダーゼ酵素と接触すると、式2の化合物:
またはその塩が生成される、項目11に記載の化合物。
(項目14)
薬学的に許容され得るキャリアと、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物とを含む、薬学的組成物。
(項目15)
項目1に記載の化合物を調製するためのプロセスであって、式(I−A)の化合物:
[式中、R 1 、R 2 、R 3 、R 4 およびnは、項目1で定義されるとおりであり;各PG a は独立して、ヒドロキシル保護基であり;PG b は、カルボキシル保護基である]またはその塩を脱保護して、式(I)の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩を提供する工程を含む、プロセス。
(項目16)
R 1 がニトロであり;R 3 およびR 4 がメチルであり;各PG a がアセチルであり;PG b がメチルであり;nが0である、項目15に記載のプロセス。
(項目17)
項目11に記載の化合物を調製するためのプロセスであって、
(a)式12’の化合物:
[式中、各PG a は独立して、ヒドロキシル保護基である]またはその塩を式13の化合物:
と反応させて、式14’の化合物:
を提供する工程
および
(b)式14’の化合物を脱保護して、式1の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩を提供する工程
を含む、プロセス。
(項目18)
式13の化合物:
またはその塩。
(項目19)
哺乳動物における胃腸炎症性疾患の処置において使用するための、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
(項目20)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患が潰瘍性大腸炎である、項目19に記載の化合物。
(項目21)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患がクローン病である、項目19に記載の化合物。
(項目22)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に関連する大腸炎である、項目19に記載の化合物。
(項目23)
哺乳動物における胃腸炎症性疾患の処置のための医薬を製造するための、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物の使用。
(項目24)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患が潰瘍性大腸炎である、項目23に記載の使用。
(項目25)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患がクローン病である、項目23に記載の使用。
(項目26)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に関連する大腸炎である、項目23に記載の使用。
(項目27)
哺乳動物における胃腸炎症性疾患を処置する方法であって、薬学的に許容され得るキャリアと、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物とを含む薬学的組成物を前記哺乳動物に投与する工程を含む、方法。
(項目28)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患が潰瘍性大腸炎である、項目27に記載の方法。
(項目29)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患がクローン病である、項目27に記載の方法。
(項目30)
前記胃腸炎症性疾患が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に関連する大腸炎である、項目27に記載の方法。
(項目31)
トファシチニブを哺乳動物の結腸に送達する方法であって、トファシチニブのグルクロニド含有プロドラッグを前記哺乳動物に経口投与する工程を含み、前記結腸においてβ−グルクロニダーゼによって前記プロドラッグが切断されて、トファシチニブが放出される、方法。
(項目32)
トファシチニブの前記グルクロニド含有プロドラッグが、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物である、項目31に記載の方法。
Claims (32)
- R1が水素である、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- R1がニトロである、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- R1がアミノである、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- nが0である、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- nが1である、請求項1に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- R1が、水素、メチル、メトキシ、アミノ、ニトロおよびクロロから選択される、請求項7に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- R1が水素である、請求項7に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- R1がアミノである、請求項7に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩。
- 前記化合物が(2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)−6−(4−((((2−(4−(((3R,4R)−1−(2−シアノアセチル)−4−メチルピペリジン−3−イル)(メチル)アミノ)−N−メチル−7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−7−カルボキサミド)エチル)(メチル)カルバモイル)−オキシ)メチル)−2−ニトロフェノキシ)−3,4,5−トリヒドロキシテトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−カルボン酸である、請求項11に記載の化合物。
- 薬学的に許容され得るキャリアと、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩とを含む、薬学的組成物。
- R1がニトロであり;R3およびR4がメチルであり;各PGaがアセチルであり;PGbがメチルであり;nが0である、請求項15に記載のプロセス。
- 哺乳動物における胃腸炎症性疾患の処置において使用するための、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩を含む組成物。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患が潰瘍性大腸炎である、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患がクローン病である、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に関連する大腸炎である、請求項19に記載の組成物。
- 哺乳動物における胃腸炎症性疾患の処置のための医薬を製造するための、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩を含む組成物の使用。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患が潰瘍性大腸炎である、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患がクローン病である、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に関連する大腸炎である、請求項23に記載の使用。
- 哺乳動物における胃腸炎症性疾患を処置するための請求項14に記載の薬学的組成物であって、前記薬学的組成物が、前記哺乳動物に投与されることを特徴とする、薬学的組成物。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患が潰瘍性大腸炎である、請求項27に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患がクローン病である、請求項27に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記胃腸炎症性疾患が、免疫チェックポイント阻害剤療法に関連する大腸炎である、請求項27に記載の薬学的組成物。
- トファシチニブを哺乳動物の結腸に送達するための組成物であって、トファシチニブのグルクロニド含有プロドラッグを含み、前記結腸においてβ−グルクロニダーゼによって前記プロドラッグが切断されて、トファシチニブが放出され、前記組成物が、前記哺乳動物に経口投与されることを特徴とし、そしてここで、前記トファシチニブのグルクロニド含有プロドラッグが請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物またはその薬学的に許容され得る塩である、組成物。
- 前記トファシチニブのグルクロニド含有プロドラッグが、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の化合物である、請求項31に記載の組成物。
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