JP6757357B2 - 半導体のヘテロ構造およびその形成方法 - Google Patents
半導体のヘテロ構造およびその形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6757357B2 JP6757357B2 JP2018069559A JP2018069559A JP6757357B2 JP 6757357 B2 JP6757357 B2 JP 6757357B2 JP 2018069559 A JP2018069559 A JP 2018069559A JP 2018069559 A JP2018069559 A JP 2018069559A JP 6757357 B2 JP6757357 B2 JP 6757357B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 207
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005435 mesosphere Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 37
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002259 gallium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum gallium Chemical compound [Al].[Ga] RNQKDQAVIXDKAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylgallium Chemical compound CC[Ga](CC)CC RGGPNXQUMRMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylgallium Chemical compound C[Ga](C)C XCZXGTMEAKBVPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005533 two-dimensional electron gas Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01L29/02—Semiconductor bodies ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
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- H01L21/02367—Substrates
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Description
2つのヘテロ構造を準備し、その1つを、実質的に同じドーパント濃度を有する複数のドーパント濃度領域(高ドーパント濃度領域、低ドーパント濃度領域)を接続する連続的傾斜層を含むIII−V層を有するもの(実施例1)とした。従って、実施例1は、図2に示されるものと同様なIII−V層のドーパント濃度プロファイルを有する。
Claims (16)
- ヘテロ構造であって、
基板と、
前記基板上に配置された中間層と、
前記中間層上に配置された第1主面を有するIII−V族層であって、当該III−V族層の厚さ全体にわたる前記第1主面からの成長方向に沿って、第2主面で終端するまでに、少なくとも1つのドーパント濃度の増加および少なくとも1つのドーパント濃度の減少を伴った複数の傾斜を含むように変化するドーパント濃度を有するIII−V族層と、
を備え、前記複数の傾斜は、前記成長方向に沿った少なくとも1つの連続的な傾斜を含み、前記連続的な傾斜の領域の厚さは、約0.001μm〜20μmであり、
前記ドーパント濃度は、より高いドーパント濃度の領域からより低いドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜と、より低いドーパント濃度の領域からより高いドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜とを繰り返すことによって、前記III−V族層の前記成長方向に沿って変化し、それぞれ次に続くより高いドーパント濃度の領域からより低いドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域は、先行するより高いドーパント濃度の領域からより低いドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域に対して薄い、ヘテロ構造。 - 前記ドーパント濃度は、前記III−V族層の厚さ全体にわたる前記第1主面からの成長方向に沿って、前記第2主面で終端するまでに、より低いドーパント濃度からより高いドーパント濃度への少なくとも1つの傾斜を含むように変化する、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- それぞれ次に続くより高いドーパント濃度の領域は、先行するより高いドーパント濃度の領域に対して、より低いドーパント濃度を有するか又は実質的に同じドーパント濃度を有する、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- それぞれ次に続くより低いドーパント濃度の領域は、先行するより低いドーパント濃度の領域に対して、より低いドーパント濃度を有するか又は実質的に同じドーパント濃度を有する、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- それぞれ次に続くより高いドーパント濃度の領域が、先行するより高いドーパント濃度の領域に対して薄い、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- それぞれ次に続くより低いドーパント濃度の領域が、先行するより低いドーパント濃度の領域に対して厚い、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- それぞれ次に続くより低いドーパント濃度の領域からより高いドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域は、先行するより低いドーパント濃度の領域からより高いドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域に対して厚い、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- ドーパントが、炭素、酸素、水素、シリコン、ゲルマニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウム、亜鉛、鉄、クロム、およびカドミウムのうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載のヘテロ構造。
- ヘテロ構造であって、
基板と、
前記基板上に配置された中間層と、
前記中間層上に配置された第1主面を有するIII−V族層であって、当該III−V族層の厚さ全体にわたる前記第1主面からの成長方向に沿って、第2主面で終端するまでに、複数の傾斜を含む周期的態様で変化するドーパント濃度を有するIII−V族層と、
を備え、前記周期的態様は、低ドーパント濃度から高ドーパント濃度への少なくとも1つの連続的な傾斜を含み、前記連続的な傾斜の領域の厚さは、約0.001μm〜20μmであり、
前記周期的態様は、高ドーパント濃度から低ドーパント濃度への複数の傾斜を含み、それぞれ次に続く高ドーパント濃度の領域から低ドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域は、先行する高ドーパント濃度の領域から低ドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域に対して薄い、ヘテロ構造。 - それぞれ次に続く傾斜の最高ドーパント濃度が、先行する傾斜の最高ドーパント濃度に対して実質的に同じである、請求項9に記載のヘテロ構造。
- それぞれ次に続く傾斜の最低ドーパント濃度が、先行する傾斜の最低ドーパント濃度に対して実質的に同じである、請求項9に記載のヘテロ構造。
- ドーパントが、炭素、酸素、水素、シリコン、ゲルマニウム、マグネシウム、ベリリウム、亜鉛、鉄、クロム、およびカドミウムのうちの少なくとも1つである、請求項9に記載のヘテロ構造。
- ヘテロ構造を製造する方法であって、
基板上に中間層を堆積すること、
前記中間層上にIII−V族層を堆積すること、
を備え、前記III−V族層は、当該III−V族層の厚さ全体にわたる第1主面からの成長方向に沿って、第2主面で終端するまでに、少なくとも1つのドーパント濃度の増加および少なくとも1つのドーパント濃度の減少を伴った複数の傾斜を含むように変化するドーパント濃度プロファイルを有し、前記複数の傾斜は、前記成長方向に沿った少なくとも1つの連続的な傾斜を含み、前記連続的な傾斜の領域の厚さは、約0.001μm〜20μmであり、
前記III−V族層は、高ドーパント濃度から低ドーパント濃度への複数の傾斜を含む周期的態様で変化するドーパント濃度を有し、それぞれ次に続く高ドーパント濃度の領域から低ドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域は、先行する高ドーパント濃度の領域から低ドーパント濃度の領域への傾斜領域に対して薄い、方法。 - ドーパント濃度を減少させる1つまたは複数の傾斜は、1000℃未満の温度を1000℃よりも高い温度まで上昇させるように制御すること、3μm/時間よりも大きい成長速度を3μm/時間未満の成長速度まで低下させるように制御すること、または200Torr未満の圧力を200Torrよりも高い圧力まで増加させるように制御することによって形成される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- ドーパント濃度を増加させる1つまたは複数の傾斜は、1000度よりも高い温度を1000度未満の温度まで低下させるように制御すること、3μm/時間未満の成長速度を3μm/時間よりも大きい成長速度まで上昇させるように制御すること、または200Torrよりも高い圧力を200Torr未満の圧力まで増加させるように制御することによって形成される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 1つまたは複数の傾斜が、5×1018/cm3を超える濃度から5×1018/cm3未満の濃度までのドーパント濃度の減少、または5×1018/cm3未満の濃度から5×1018/cm3を超える濃度までのドーパント濃度の増加を有する、請求項13に記載の方法。
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