JP6704923B2 - 鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を得るための方法、鉱石類ダスト抑制樹脂、鉱石粒子排出の抑制のための方法および樹脂の使用 - Google Patents
鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を得るための方法、鉱石類ダスト抑制樹脂、鉱石粒子排出の抑制のための方法および樹脂の使用 Download PDFInfo
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- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/16—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with inorganic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08J11/18—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/18—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material
- C08J11/28—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with organic material by treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
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- E21F5/08—Rock dusting of mines; Depositing other protective substances
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0286—Cleaning means used for separation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ポリマー材料の技術的採掘およびリサイクルに関する。より具体的には、本発明は、鉱石ダスト抑制剤として使用される樹脂を得るための方法に関する。この方法は、ポリエチレンテレフタレート熱可塑性ポリマー(またはPET)のケミカルリサイクルに由来する。鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を得るための方法は、陽イオン性界面活性剤である、ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド(hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide)(CTAB)の存在下で、消費後のPETボトル(post-consumption PET bottles)(PETpc)から得られたポリエチレンテレフタレートポリマーの解重合反応方法論を使用することによって開示される。本発明において得られる鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を使用することによる鉱石粒子の排出を抑制するための方法もまた、本発明の一部である。
鉱業は多くの国の経済にとって非常に重要である。技術水準からの周知の事実によれば、鉱石類はその天然の形態で市販されている(特に、鉄鉱石)か、または例えば、ペレットの形態で圧縮されている。第2の場合では、輸送される前に、これらのペレットは、工場炉で熱処理に付され、その後、処理され、包装され、輸送される。この手順は定期的に使用されているが、ペレット間での連続的な摩擦による多量の微細な粒子または鉱石ダストまたは鉱石粒子の形成を含む、この生産プロセスから生じる多くの不利益があることは周知の事実である。
本発明は、PET熱可塑性ポリマーのケミカルリサイクルによって鉱物粉末抑制樹脂を得るための方法に関する。本発明の方法は、陽イオン性界面活性剤、好ましくは、ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド(CTAB)の存在下で、主として消費後のPETボトル廃棄物から得られたPETポリマーの解重合反応方法論を使用する。
本発明を実施するためには、消費後のPETプラスチック(PETpc)が、解重合反応の前に、i)選択収集からの、PETpcからなる廃プラスチックの選択;ii)廃プラスチックからのPETpcとは異なる材料の部分(例えば、ボトルの上部および下部)の除去;iii)洗浄;iv)乾燥;v)粉砕および断片サイズの標準化を含んでなる予備的リサイクル・清浄プロセスに付されることが一般的である。
実施例2に記載のとおりに得られた中間樹脂200mLに、最終粘度を高めるために生成物PVP K−90(ポリビニルピロリドン)10gを添加し、密度d=1.17g/mLおよび粘度η=55.6mm2/sまたは55.6cStの粘度を有する鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を得る。
Claims (17)
- 鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を得るための方法であって、以下の工程:
i)陽イオン性界面活性剤およびアルカリ性媒体の存在下で清浄なPETpcの断片を解重合する工程;
ii)解重合反応の完了後に反応媒体を中和し、テレフタル酸モノマー(TPA)を沈殿させる工程;
iii)エチレングリコールを含有する残りの媒体を濾過し、過剰の相補的な塩をアルコール性溶媒で抽出する工程;
iv)工程iii)で得られた溶液を追加の蒸発プロセスに付して過剰の水を除去し、その結果、中間樹脂を得る工程;
v)工程iv)で得られた中間樹脂に増粘剤を添加して、鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を得る工程;および所望により、
vi)工程v)で得られた鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂の疎水性を増加させる薬剤を添加する工程
を含んでなることを特徴とする方法。 - 消費後のPETプラスチック(PETpc)が、
a)選択収集物からの、PETpcからなるプラスチック廃棄物の選択;
b)前記プラスチック廃棄物のPETpcとは異なる材料の部分(例えば、ボトルの上部および下部)の排除;
c)洗浄;
d)乾燥;
e)粉砕および断片サイズの標準化
を含んでなる予備的清浄・リサイクルプロセスに付されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 工程i)で使用される陽イオン性界面活性剤が、ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウムブロミド(CTAB)であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程i)に記載の解重合反応が1〜2時間行われ、温度が90〜110℃の範囲内に維持されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程iii)において、抽出アルコール性溶媒が、イソプロピルアルコール、エチルアルコールおよびメタノールからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記アルコール性溶媒がイソプロピルアルコールであることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 使用後、前記アルコール性溶媒が蒸留によって回収され、別の工程で塩除去のために再使用され得ることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 工程v)で添加される増粘剤がピロリドン類からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記増粘剤がポリビニルピロリドンであることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 所望により、工程vi)で添加される疎水性を増加させる薬剤が、植物から得られたリグニンおよびポリエチレンワックスからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記薬剤が、50%エタノール−水混合物での抽出によって葉および木々の枝から得られたリグニンであることを特徴とする、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法で得られたエチレンテレフタレートポリマー解重合生成物の樹脂であることを特徴とする、鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂。
- 3373、1457、1296、1075および1037cm−1の赤外領域(IV)にある5つの吸収ピークのそれぞれに特徴的な官能基で構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項12に記載の樹脂。
- 比色試験で観察される結晶化速度が遅いことを特徴とする、請求項12または13に記載の樹脂。
- 低温の臨界条件において良好な安定性を示すことを特徴とする、請求項12〜14のいずれか一項に記載の樹脂。
- 請求項12〜15のいずれか一項に記載の鉱石ダスト抑制樹脂を使用することを特徴とする、鉱石粒子排出の抑制のための方法。
- 鉱石ダスト抑制における、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法で得られた樹脂の使用。
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PCT/BR2015/000165 WO2016082010A1 (pt) | 2014-11-28 | 2015-10-29 | Processo para obtenção de resina supressora de pó de minério, resina supressora de pó de minérios, processo para inibição da emissão de particulados de minérios e uso da resina |
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