JP6667500B2 - 食欲増進剤としてのヒドロキシフラバノン - Google Patents
食欲増進剤としてのヒドロキシフラバノン Download PDFInfo
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- JP6667500B2 JP6667500B2 JP2017504393A JP2017504393A JP6667500B2 JP 6667500 B2 JP6667500 B2 JP 6667500B2 JP 2017504393 A JP2017504393 A JP 2017504393A JP 2017504393 A JP2017504393 A JP 2017504393A JP 6667500 B2 JP6667500 B2 JP 6667500B2
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- acid
- homoeriodictyol
- blood
- products
- food
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- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSTCPEBQYSOEHV-QNDFHXLGSA-N trilobatin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC(C=C1O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GSTCPEBQYSOEHV-QNDFHXLGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCIUNNCOWYEUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium [[hydroxy-[hydroxy(phosphonooxy)phosphoryl]oxyphosphoryl]oxy-oxidophosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O.[K+].[K+].[K+] PCIUNNCOWYEUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- LSKHZZSZLMMIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium;hydron;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O LSKHZZSZLMMIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- YJCJAUSWVUZMSY-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;4-[(2,4-diamino-5-methylphenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate;4-[[2,4-diamino-5-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=C(N)C(C)=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1N.NC1=CC(N)=C(N=NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 YJCJAUSWVUZMSY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MLIKYFGFHUYZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydron;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O MLIKYFGFHUYZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- WCTNXGFHEZQHDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N valencene Natural products C1CC(C)(C)C2(C)CC(C(=C)C)CCC2=C1 WCTNXGFHEZQHDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1O WKOLLVMJNQIZCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUUBOHWZSQXCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillic acid Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 TUUBOHWZSQXCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRPWWVNUCXQDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillylamine Chemical compound COC1=CC(CN)=CC=C1O WRPWWVNUCXQDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004108 vegetable carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012712 vegetable carbon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015192 vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000834 vinyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019164 vitamin B2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011712 vitamin K Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011728 vitamin K2 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019143 vitamin K2 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046010 vitamin k Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940041603 vitamin k 3 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000009637 wintergreen oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N xanthophyll Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CC(O)CC1(C)C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2C=C(C)C(O)CC2(C)C FJHBOVDFOQMZRV-XQIHNALSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008210 xanthophylls Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000969 xylosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N β-Carotene Chemical compound CC=1CCCC(C)(C)C=1\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C(\C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C OENHQHLEOONYIE-JLTXGRSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical class OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N γ-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1 QUEDXNHFTDJVIY-DQCZWYHMSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C23/00—Other dairy products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G4/00—Chewing gum
- A23G4/06—Chewing gum characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/04—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring
- C07D311/22—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4
- C07D311/26—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3
- C07D311/28—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only
- C07D311/30—Benzo[b]pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring with oxygen or sulfur atoms directly attached in position 4 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. flavones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
食欲は、脳の特定部のセロトニン放出が低下し、同時に摂取される経口摂取可能な製品(特に食料品)を介して栄養物に曝されることによって増加することが判明している。空腹感の増加は、特に、胃腸での空腹ホルモングレリンの放出が増大することによって達成され、これは、血液中における高い遊離脂肪酸濃度によって抑制される(Gormsen et al. 2006; Eur J Endocrinologyを参照。)。血液中の脂肪酸の低下は食欲増加に繋がり、周辺細胞(例えば、脂肪細胞)の遊離脂肪酸の吸収の増加によって達成される。
(i)請求項1で定義された化合物の少なくとも1つまたはその塩、
(ii)少なくとも1つの固体担体、
(iii)1又は複数の調味成分。
(i)、(ii)、(iii)の構成要素及びその他の原料の合計は物質混合物の全体量に対して100重量%であり、請求項1に記載の使用により食欲減少を治療する物質混合物である。
・相当するコントロールと比較して、約0.001μMから10μM(約0.03mg/kgから約3mg/kg)の使用により、セロトニン放出を最大70%の割合で減少することができる。
・コントロールと比較して、濃度約0.1μMの使用によって、脂肪細胞における脂肪酸の吸収を増加することができる。
R2はH、OH、OCH3であり、
R3はH、OH、OCH3であり、
及び
R4はH、OH、OCH3であり、
R1基、R2基、R3基、R4基のうちの少なくとも2つはOHを表す。
R1はH又はOHであり、
R2はH、OH、OCH3であり、
R3はH、OH、OCH3であり、
及び
R4はH、OH、OCH3であり、
R1基、R2基、R3基、R4基のうちの少なくとも2つはOHを表す。
このような製品は、製造時、加工時、処理時に経口摂取可能な製品(特に食料品、飼料及び薬剤)に添加される物質であり、ヒト又は動物の口腔に投与される製品を含む。
・糖類 及び/又は
・増粘剤 及び/又は
・ゲル化剤 及び/又は
・甘味料 及び/又は
・調味成分 及び/又は
・保存剤。
本発明の更なる態様は、以下の実施例及び請求項によって明らかにされる。
好ましい経口摂取可能な製品(特に食料品、飼料または薬剤)はチューインガムである。このような製品は、典型的には非水溶性成分と水溶性成分を含む。
チューイングガムベースは、好ましくは、チューイングガム又はバブルガムベースからなる群から選択される。後者はより柔らかく、チューイングガムのバブルを形成させることもできる。
本発明の食料品、飼料、医薬品及び経口摂取可能な調合物は、さらなる原料を含んでもよく、例えば甘味料、食用酸、酸調整剤、増粘剤、及び特に食料品分野及び医薬品分野の両方で使用できる調味成分を含み得るため、原料のリストBとCとの間に明確な境界を引くことができない。従って、原料は適用方法及び使用に基づき、便宜上使用するものである。
本発明で好ましいとされる経口摂取可能な製品(特に食品、飼料品または薬剤)に用いる甘味料は、以下の群(a1)及び(a2)から選択される。
(a1−1)ミラキュリン、モネリン、マビンリン、タウマチン、クルクリン、ブラゼイン、ペンタミジン、D−フェニルアラニン、D−トリプトファン、および天然由来の抽出物または蒸留物であってこれらのアミノ酸および/またはタンパク質を含み生理学的にこれらアミノ酸および/またはタンパク質の塩、特に塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、もしくは塩化アンモニウムとして許容可能なもの;
(a1−2)ネオヘスペリジンジヒドロカルコン、ナリンギンジヒドロカルコン、ステビオサイド、ステビオールビオシド、レバウジオシド、特にレバウジオシドA、レバウジオシドB、レバウジオシドC、レバウジオシドD、レバウジオシドE、レバウジオシドF、レバウジオシドG、レバウジオシドH、ズルコシド、およびルブソシド、スアビオシドA、スアビオシドB、スアビオシドG、スアビオシドH、スアビオシドI、スアビオシドJ、バイユノシド1、バイユノシド2、フロミソシド1、フロミソシド2、フロミソシド3、およびフロミソシド4、アブルソシドA、アブルソシドB、アブルソシドC、アブルソシドD、シクロカリオシドA、およびシクロカリオシドI、オスラジン、ポリポドシドA、ストロジン1、ストロジン2、ストロジン4、セリゲアインA、ジヒドロクエルセチン3−アセテート、ペリラルチン、テロスモシドA15、ペリアンドリンI〜V、プテロカリオシド、シクロカリオシド、ムクロジオシド、trans−アネトール、trans−シンナムアルデヒド、ブリオシド、ブリオノシド、ブリオノズルコシド、カルノシフロシド、スカンデノシド、ギペノシド、トリロバチン、フロリジン、ジヒドロフラバノール、ヘマトキシリン、シアニン、クロロゲン酸、アルビジアサポニン、テロスモシド、ガウジチャウジオシド、モグロシド、モグロシドV、ヘルナンズルチン、モナチン、フィロズルチン、グリチルレチン酸およびその誘導体、特にグリシルリチンなどのグリコシド、およびこれらの化合物の生理学的に許容可能な塩、特に塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウム、もしくは塩化アンモニウムとして許容可能なもの;
(a1−3)抽出物あるいは当該抽出物の濃縮蒸留物であって、以下を含む群から選択されるもの:ソーマトコッカス抽出物(ミラクルフルーツの木)、Stevia亜種、キンカン抽出物、カンゾウ属亜種(特にスペインカンゾウ抽出物、キイチゴ亜種抽出物(特に甜茶)、柑橘類抽出物およびメキシカン・スイートハーブ抽出物;
(a2)合成甘味物質であって、好ましくは以下を含む群から選択されるもの:マガップ、シクラミン酸ナトリウムあるいはその他のシクラミン酸の生理学的に許容可能な塩、アセスルファムKあるいはその他のアセスルファムの生理学的に許容可能な塩、ネオヘスペリジンジヒドロカルコン、ナリンギンジヒドロカルコン、サッカリン、サッカリン−ナトリウム塩、アスパルテーム、スーパーアスパルテーム、ネオテーム、アリテーム、アドバンテーム、ペリラルチン、スクラロース、ラグデゥネーム、カレラーム、スクロノネート、およびスクロオクテート。
pH調整剤は、食品の酸性またはアルカリ性を安定させ、食品のpHを一定にするための食品添加剤である。pH調整剤は、主に有機酸、有機塩、炭酸塩であり、稀に無機酸および無機塩である。pH調整剤の添加は、食品の安定性および堅さを向上させ、望ましい沈殿を生じ、保存料の有効性を改善させる。酸味料とは異なり、pH調整剤は食味を変化させるために使用されるものではない。pH調整剤の活動は、pHが調整されていない、または酸またはアルカリが添加されることによりpHが微調整されている食品にバッファ・システムを生成させることである。pH調整剤の例は以下の通りである。
E270−乳酸
E290−二酸化炭素
E296−リンゴ酸
E297−フマル酸
E331−クエン酸ナトリウム
E332−クエン酸カリウム
E333−クエン酸カルシウム
E335−酒石酸ナトリウム
E336−酒石酸カリウム
E337−酒石酸ナトリウムカリウム
E338−リン酸
E353−メタ酒石酸
E354−酒石酸カルシウム
E363−コハク酸
E380−クエン酸三アンモニウム
E513−硫酸
E575−グルコノデルタラクトン
E170−炭酸カルシウム
E260〜263−酢酸及び酢酸塩
E325〜327−乳酸塩(乳酸)
E330〜333−クエン酸およびクエン酸塩
E334〜337−酒石酸および酒石酸塩
E339〜341−リン酸
E350〜352−リンゴ酸塩(リンゴ酸)
E450−二リン酸塩
E451−三リン酸塩
E452−ポリリン酸塩
E500〜504−炭酸塩(二酸化炭素)
E507−塩酸および塩化物
E513〜517−硫酸および硫酸塩
E524〜528−水酸化物
E529〜530−酸化物
E355〜357−アジピン酸およびアジピン酸塩
E574〜578−グルコン酸およびグルコン酸塩
増粘剤は、水と結合するための最も重要な物質である。結合されていない水を取り除くことにより、粘度の向上に繋がる。まず、各増粘剤の濃度の特徴としては、濃度の効果と共に結合効果を生じることにより、粘度の一般的な不均化反応が起こる。この場合、例えば分子がループして、互いに「結合」すると言われる。殆どの増粘剤は直鎖または分岐高分子であり(例えば、多糖又はタンパク質)、水素結合、疎水性相互作用、イオン結合により、分子間相互作用によって、互いに反応する。増粘剤の極端な例としては、ケイ酸塩鉱物(ベントナイト、ヘクトライト)、または水和性シリカゲル(SiO2)粒子であり、これらの増粘剤は分散粒子であり、固形の状態で水と結合し、または上述の反応によって互いに反応する。増粘剤の例は以下の通りである。
E401−アルギン酸ナトリウム
E402−アルギン酸カリウム
E403−アルギン酸アンモニウム
E404−アルギン酸カルシウム
E405−アルギン酸プリピレングリコール
E406−寒天
E407−カラギーナン、フルセララン
E407−キャロブ粉
E412−グアーガム
E413−トラガカント
E414−アラビアガム
E415−キサンタン
E416−カラヤゴム(インドゴム)
E417−タラパウダー
E418−ジェラン
E440−ペクチン、オペクタ
E440ii−アミド化ペクチン
E460−微結晶性セルロース, 粉末セルロース
E461−メチルセルロース
E462−エチルセルロース
E463−ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース
E465−メチルエチルセルロース
E466−カルボキシルメチルセルロース、カルボキシルメチルセルロースナトリウム
適した調味成分は、好ましくは感覚的な活性成分であり、好ましくは検知される閾値よりも大きい濃度で使用される。混合物で使用される調味成分の例は、例えばH. Surburg, J. Panten, Common Fragrance and Flavor Materials, 5th. Ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 2006で見つけられる。
本発明の一実施形態として、食料品又は薬剤調合物には、添加剤の任意の群としてビタミンを含んでもよい。ビタミンは、生化学的作用において多岐に渡る機能を持つ。ビタミンの一部は、ホルモンと同様の機能を有し、ミネラルの代謝を維持し(例えばビタミンD)、または細胞及び組織の成長、並びに細胞分化を促す(例えばビタミンA)作用を持つ。他のビタミンは、酸化防止剤として用いられる(例えばビタミンE及び一定条件下のビタミンC)。ビタミンのうちの最大数は、酵素補因子の先駆体であり(例えばビタミンB)、一定の代謝過程において、触媒作用をする酵素の補酵素として機能する。これに伴い、例えば配合群の一部として、時にビタミンは酵素と強く結合する。配合群の一例として、脂肪酸の合成を起こす酵素の一部であるビオチンが挙げられる。一方、例えば容易に分離される群として、ビタミンが弱い力で結合し、共触媒として機能し、これによって分子間の化合物または電子を利用して輸送する。従って、例えば葉酸は、メチル基、ホルミル基、メチレン基の群を細胞内に輸送する。酵素−基質反応におけるビタミンの働きは良く知られているが、ビタミンの他の性質も身体にとって重要な要素である。
・ビタミンA(レチノール、レチナール、β−カロテン)、
・ビタミンB1(チアミン)、
・ビタミンB2(リボフラビン)、
・ビタミンB3(ナイアシン、ニコチンアミド)、
・ビタミンB5(パントテン酸)、
・ビタミンB6(ピリドキシン、ピリドキサミン、ピリドキサール)、
・ビタミンB7(ビオチン)、
・ビタミンB9(葉酸、フォリン酸)、
・ビタミンB12(シアノコバラミン、ヒドロキソコバラミン、メチルコバラミン)、
・ビタミンC(アスコルビン酸)、
・ビタミンD(コレカルシフェロール)、
・ビタミンE(トコフェロール、トコトリエノール)及び
・ビタミンK(フィロキノン、メナキノン)。
本発明の他の実施例として、食料品または薬剤には、さらにプレバイオティク成分(プレバイオティクス)が含まれてもよい。プレバイオティクスは、食品として摂取することにより、結腸細菌の成長または活動を刺激する、消化できない食品成分である。プレバイオティクス化合物の添加は、腸管での分解構成において、アントシアニンの安定性を改善する。以下の様々な物質は、特に本発明においてプレバイオティクスとして好まれる炭水化物である。
本発明において使用されるプロバイオティクス微生物は、「プロバイオティクス細菌」であり、宿主の健康に対し有益な生理学的作用を生じさせる、生きた細菌である。FAO/WHOにより現在承認されている定義では、プロバイオティクスは:「適切な量で投与したときに、宿主に健康上の有益さをもたらす生きた微生物」である。乳酸菌(LAB)およびビフィズス菌は、最も一般的に知られているプロバイオティクスであるが、様々な酵母や桿菌も有用である。プロバイオティクスは、一般に生きた培養菌が添加されている発酵食品の一部として、例えば、ヨーグルトまたは豆乳ヨーグルトに含まれて、又は栄養補助食品として、消費される。さらに、冷凍乾燥された微生物を含むタブレット、カプセル、粉末及びサシェットも入手可能である。表1は、本発明の範囲内で使用できる、市販で入手可能なプロバイオティクス及びそれに関連する健康の利点の全体図である。
・ブルガリア菌(Lactobacillus bulgaricus)
・ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィラス(Streptococcus thermophilus)
・混合されたピクルス
・テンペ、ミソ及びテンジャン等の発酵大豆ペースト
・ケフィア
・バターミルク
・キムチ
・泡菜
・醤油
・ザーサイ
本発明の食料品及び医薬品は、塩味、任意での微量の酸味及び/又はうま味の印象を与える調味成分を追加で含んでもよい。塩味を有する化合物または塩味を向上する化合物が優先される。好ましい化合物は、国際公開第2007/045566号に掲載されている。別の好ましい形態は、国際公開第2008/046895号及び欧州特許公開第1989944号に記載されているような旨味化合物である。
食品業界においては、天然型酸化防止剤及び合成酸化防止剤の両方が使用されている。天然型酸化防止剤及び合成酸化防止剤は、前者は食品から自然に発生し、後者は合成的に製造される点において主に異なる。従って、食品添加剤として使用される天然型酸化防止剤は、例えば植物性油脂から抽出される。トコフェロールとしても知られるビタミンEは、例えば大豆油から製造される場合が多い。一方、没食子酸プロピル、没食子酸オクチル及び没食子酸ドデシル等の合成酸化防止剤は、化学合成によって得られる。アレルギー反応に敏感な人には、没食子酸からアレルギーを起こすことがある。本発明における組成物として使用できる酸化防止剤としては:二酸化硫黄(E220)、亜硫酸ナトリウム(E221)、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム(E222)、亜硫酸ナトリウム(E223)、亜硫酸カリウム(E224)、亜硫酸カルシウム(E226)、亜硫酸水素カルシウム(E227)、亜硫酸水素カリウム(E228)、乳酸(E270)、アスコルビン酸(E300)、L−アスコルビン酸ナトリウム(E301)、L−アスコルビン酸カルシウム(E302)、アスコルビン酸エステル(E304)、トコフェロール(E306)、α−トコフェロール(E307)、γ-トコフェロール(E308)、δ−トコフェロール(E309)、没食子酸プロピル(E310)、没食子酸オクチル(E311)、没食子酸ドデシル(E312)、イソアスコルビン酸(E315)、イソアスコルビン酸ナトリウム(E316)、tert−ブチルヒドロキノン(TBHQ)(E319)、ブチルヒドロキシアニソール(E320)、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン(E321)、レシチン(E322)、クエン酸(E330)、クエン酸塩(E331及びE332)、クエン酸ナトリウム(E331)、クエン酸カリウム(E332)、エチレンジアミン四酢酸カルシウム二ナトリウム(E385)、二リン酸塩(E450)、ピロリン酸二ナトリウム(E450a)、ピロリン酸三ナトリウム(E450b)、ピロリン酸四ナトリウム(E450c)、二リン酸二カリウム(E450d)、二リン酸三カリウム(E450e)、二リン酸二カルシウム(E450f)、二リン酸二水素カルシウム(E450g)、三リン酸塩(E451)、トリポリリン酸ナトリウム(E451a)、五リン酸三カリウム(E451b)、ポリリン酸(E452)、ポリリン酸ナトリウム(E452a)、ポリリン酸カリウム(E452b)、ポリリン酸カルシウム塩(E452c)、ポリリン酸カルシウム(E452d)、塩化スズ(II)(E512)。
乳化剤は、水溶性及び脂溶性という特殊な性質が注目される。一般的に、乳化剤は脂溶性成分及び水溶性成分を有する。乳化剤は、水及び油を使用して、安定した均一な混合物を生成する際に使用される。加工食品業界で好ましく使用される適切な乳化剤は、以下から選択される:パルミチン酸アスコルビル(E304)、レシチン(E322)、リン酸(E338)、リン酸ナトリウム(E339)、リン酸カリウム(E 340)、リン酸カルシウム(E341)、リン酸マグネシウム(E343)、アルギン酸プリピレングリコール(E405)、ポリオキシエチレン(8)ステアレート(E430)、ポリオキシエチレンステアレート(E431)、アンモニウムリン脂質(E442)、リン酸ナトリウム及びリン酸カリウム(E450)、脂肪酸塩(E470a)、モノグリセリド及びジグリセリド(E471)、酢酸モノグリセリド(E472a)、乳酸モノグリセリド(E472b)、クエン酸モノグリセリド(E472c)、酒石酸モノグリセリド(E472d)、ジアセチル酒石酸モノグリセリド(E472E)、糖類脂肪酸(E473)、糖類グリセリド(E474)、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸(E475)、ポリグリセロールポリリシノレート(E476)、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル(E477)、ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム(E481)、ステアロイル−2−乳酸カルシウム(E482)、酒石酸ステアリル(E 483)、ソルビタンモノステアレート(E491)、ステアリン酸(E570)。
食品着色料、つまり着色料は、食品を着色する添加剤である。着色料は、天然着色料と合成着色料とに分類される。人工的な着色料は、合成のものと同じである。人工的な着色料は、自然界で発生する着色料の合成複製であり、以下から選択される:クルクミン(E 100)、リボフラビン、ラクトフラビン、ビタミンB2(E 101)タートラジン(E 102)、キノリンイエロー(E 104)、イエロー−オレンジS、イエロー−オレンジRGL(E 110)、コチニール、カルミン酸、カルミン(E 120)、アズルビン、カルモイシン(E 122)、アマランス(E 123)コチニールレッドA、ポンソー4R、ヴィクトリアスカーレット4R(E 124)、エリスロシン(E 127)、アルラレッドAC(E 129)、パテントブルーV(E 131)、インジゴチン、インジゴカルミン(E 132)、ブリリアントブルーFCF、パテントブルーAE、アミドブルーAE(E 133)、クロロフィルとクロロフィリン(E 140)、クロロフィルとクロロフィリンの銅錯体(E 141)、グリーンS(E 142)、カラメルカラー(E 150)、硫酸カラメルカラー(E 150 b)、アンモニアカラメル(E150c)、亜硫酸アンモニアカラメル(E 150 d)、ブリリアントブラックFCF、ブリリアントブラックPN、ブラックPN(E 151)、木炭(E 153)ブラウンFK(E 154)、ブラウンHT(E 155)、カロテン(E 160 a)、アナトー、ビキシン、ノルビキシン(E 160 b)、カプサイシン、カプソルビン(E 160 c)、リコペン(E 160 d)、β−アポ−8'−カロテナール、アポカロテナール、β−アポカロテナール(E 160 e)、β‐アポ‐8′‐カロテン酸エチル(C30)、アポカロテン酸エステル、β‐カロテン酸エステル(E 160)、フルテイン、キサントフィル(E161b)、カンタキサンチン(E 161g)、ベタニン、ビートレッド(E 162)、アントシアニン(E 163)、炭酸カルシウム(E170)、二酸化チタン(E 171)、酸化鉄、水酸化鉄(E 172)、アルミニウム(E 173)、銀(E174)、金(E175)、リソールルビンBK、ルビン色素BK(E 180)。
冷却活性物質は、皮膚に涼しい感触を与えるメントール化合物であり、−メントールの基本体を除き−以下の群から選択される:メントールメチルエーテル、メントングリセリルアセタール(FEMA GRAS 3807)、メントングリセリケタール(FEMA GRAS 3808)、乳酸メンチル(FEMA GRAS 3748)、メントールエチレングリコールカーボネート(FEMA GRAS 3805)、メントールプロピレングリコールカーボネート(FEMA GRAS 3806)、メンチル−N−エチルオキサメート、モノメチルサクシネート(FEMA GRAS 3810)、モノメンチルグルタマート(FEMA GRAS 4006)、メントキシ−1,2−プロパンジオール(FEMA GRAS 3784)、メントキシ−2−メチル−1,2−プロパンジオール(FEMA GRAS 3849)、およびメンタンカルボン酸エステルおよびアミドWS−3、WS−4、WS−5、WS−12、WS−14およびWS−30、ならびにそれらの混合物。
(i)請求項1で定義された化合物の少なくとも1つまたはその塩、
(ii)少なくとも1つの固体担体、
(iii)1又は複数の調味成分。
ただし、(i)、(ii)、(iii)の構成要素及びその他の原料の合計は、混合物の全体量に対して100重量%である。
本発明の式(I)のヒドロキシラボンを含む混合物及び調製物は、必要であればカプセル化してもよい。カプセル化は、固体の被覆材により被包され、例えば、デンプン、分解による改質デンプンまたは化学的もしくは物理的に改質させた改質デンプン(具体的にはデキストリンおよびマルトデキストリン)、ゼラチン、アラビアガム、寒天、ガッチガム、ゲランガム、改質および非改質セルロース、プルラン、カードラン、カラゲナン、アルギン酸、アルギナート、ペクチン、イヌリン、キサンタンガム並びに前記物質の二個以上の混合物により被包される。
約0.0001〜5mm、好ましくは0.001〜0.5mm、特に好ましくは0.005〜0.1mmの直径を有するマイクロカプセルは、殻膜及び活性原料を含むマトリックスを有し、以下の方法で入手可能である。
(b)任意でマトリックスを油相に分散する工程と、
(c)分散したマトリックスをアニオンポリマーの液体溶液で処理し、任意で油相を取り除く工程。
工程(a)と(c)とは、(a)でカチオン系ポリマーの代わりにアニオン系ポリマーが使用されている場合は入れ替えることができ、逆の場合も同じである。
<<ホモエリオジクチオールによる実験的細胞系におけるセロトニンの放出>>
セロトニンを放出するための細胞モデルとして、ヒト神経芽細胞(SH−SY5Y、Atcc number CRL−2266)が使用された。培養は摂氏37度及び5%のCO2含有環境にて行われ、イーグル最小必須培地(MEM)及びF12培地(10%FBS及び1%ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシン)を同量で混合した。セロトニン放出を測定するにあたり、細胞はトリプシンで培養され、トリパンブルー染色による細胞の生死判定後、35mm細胞培養ディッシュに所定の数の細胞を撒いた。
<<水125ml(コントロール)又は水125mlに溶解されたホモエリオジクチオール30mgの投与後における、健康な被験者におけるセロトニン血漿濃度の変化>>
セロトニン血漿濃度を特定するにあたり、試験日には、試験直前及び試験薬の投与後、平均して37分後に被験者から全血採取を行った(試験1日目:水125ml、2日目:水125mlに溶解されたホモエリオジクチオール30mg)。血漿は全血を冷却遠心機にて15分間、1,800回転で分離し、血漿は酵素反応方法に基づき測定された(セロトニン測定−ELISA方法、DLD Diagnostika社、ドイツ・ハンブルグ)。
<<ホモエリオジクチオール30mgを経口投与した後におけるセロトニン血漿の絶対濃度の減少>>
セロトニン血漿濃度を特定するにあたり、試験日には、試験直前及び試験薬(水125mlに溶解されたホモエリオジクチオール30mg)の投与から平均35分後、被験者から全血採取を行った。血漿は全血を冷却遠心機にて15分間、1,800回転で分離し、血漿は酵素反応方法に基づき測定された(セロトニン測定−ELISA方法、DLD Diagnostika社、ドイツ・ハンブルグ)。
<<ホモエリオジクチオールを含有する試験システムでの脂肪酸の吸収>>
3T3−L1前駆脂肪細胞(ATCC CL−173)は、周辺細胞に遊離脂肪酸(ここでは脂肪細胞)を取り込むための細胞モデルとして使用された。摂氏37度及びCO2含有量5%のDMEM培養培地において培養が行われ、10%FBS4%L−グルタミン及び1%ペニシリン/ストレプトマイシンが添加された。遊離脂肪酸の吸収を測定するために、3T3−L1細胞は、成熟した前駆脂肪細胞から、175cm2細胞培養で分離された。コンフルエンスに達した日から2日後、細胞には10μg/mlインスリン、1μMデキサメタゾン及び5mMイソブチルメチルキサンチンを添加し、48時間刺激を与えることで、培地から分化された。さらに、細胞培地に10μg/mlのインスリンを添加して、細胞に48時間処理を行うことにより、通常培地は脂肪細胞が成熟するまで使用された。細胞は通常、分化から7〜9日間使用される。細胞はトリプシンで培養され、トリパンブルーを使用した歯髄生死試験にて、1ウエルプレートあたりの細胞数を65,000とし、96ウエルプレートに分散した。
<<健康な被験者にホモエリオジクチオールを投与した後における、ホモエリオジクチオールの血漿濃度>>
水125mlに溶解されたホモエリオジクチオール30mgを経口投与した後の血漿濃度は、投与30分前及び30分後に採決した全血4mlを、EDTAモノベット(ザルスタット社、ドイツ)に添加することにより行われた。全血から採取された血漿は、1,800xgで冷凍遠心分離を15分間行うことにより入手した。血漿のホモエリオジクチオールは固相抽出により純化され、濃度はLC−MSとエリオジクチオールの内部カリブレーションで特定された。
<<実施例A>>
清涼飲料(糖類含有、低カロリー、ノンカロリー)
原料は表示される順に混合され、水を添加して100%とした。混合物はガラスボトルに入れて炭酸化された。
チューインガムでの使用
パーツA〜Dを混合し、集中的に練り上げた。塊は例えば薄い板状に形成し、チューインガムとして組成された。数値は重量%を示す。
ハードキャラメルでの使用
パラチニット又は糖類と水とを混合し、適切であればクエン酸を添加した後、混合物は摂氏165度に熱され、その後摂氏115度に冷却された。フレーバー及びその他の混合物を追加し、完全に混合した後、混合物を型に入れ、固化した後に型から取り除き、個別包装された。
低脂肪ヨーグルト
原料を混合した後、摂氏5度に冷却した。数値は重量%を示す。
フルーツガム
ポリデキストロースは、熱量が低い、無甘味多糖である。全ての数値は重量%を表す。
Claims (9)
- 式(I)の化合物又はその塩を含む、血液中のセロトニンレベル及び/又は血液中の遊離脂肪酸濃度を低下させるための組成物であって、
前記式(I)の化合物が、(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び(4)ステルビンからなる群から選択される、前記組成物。 - 式(I)の化合物又はその塩を含む、食欲を高めるための組成物であって、
前記式(I)の化合物が、(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び(4)ステルビンからなる群から選択される、前記組成物。 - (i)請求項2で定義された化合物の少なくとも1つまたはその塩と、
(ii)少なくとも1つの固体担体と、
(iii)1又は複数の調味成分と、を含み、
(i)、(ii)及び(iii)の構成要素及びその他の原料の合計が組成物の総量に対して100重量%である、請求項2に記載の食欲を高めるための組成物。 - 前記塩におけるカウンターカチオンが、アンモニウムイオン、トリアルキルアンモニウムイオン、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム又はカルシウムカチオンからなる群から選択される、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 血液中のセロトニンレベル及び/又は血液中の遊離脂肪酸濃度を低下させるための食品の製造における、(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び/又は(4)ステルビンの使用であって、前記(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び/又は(4)ステルビンは、血液中のセロトニンレベル及び/又は血液中の遊離脂肪酸濃度を低下させるための食品の総重量に対して30mg/kgの濃度で存在する、前記使用。
- 食欲を高めるための食品の製造における、(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び/又は(4)ステルビンの使用であって、前記(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び/又は(4)ステルビンは、食欲を高めるための食品の総重量に対して30mg/kgの濃度で存在する、前記使用。
- 血液中のセロトニンレベル及び/又は血液中の遊離脂肪酸濃度を低下させるための食品は、経口摂取可能な製品である、請求項5に記載の使用。
- 食欲を高めるための食品は、経口摂取可能な製品である、請求項6に記載の使用。
- (i)式(I)の化合物の少なくとも1つまたはその塩と、
(ここで、前記式(I)の化合物は、(1)ホモエリオジクチオール、(2)エリオジクチオール、(3)ヘスペレチン及び(4)ステルビンからなる群から選択される)
(ii)少なくとも1つの固体担体と、
(iii)1又は複数の調味成分と、
を含む、血液中のセロトニンレベル及び/又は血液中の遊離脂肪酸濃度を低下させるための栄養補助食品であって、
(i)、(ii)及び(iii)の構成要素及びその他の原料の合計が栄養補助食品の総量に対して100重量%である、栄養補助食品。
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EP14179087.3 | 2014-07-30 | ||
EP14179087.3A EP2990036B1 (de) | 2014-07-30 | 2014-07-30 | Hydroxyflavone als Appetitanreger |
PCT/EP2015/067092 WO2016016153A1 (de) | 2014-07-30 | 2015-07-26 | Hydroxyflavanone als appetitanreger |
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