JP6547348B2 - 排気浄化システム - Google Patents
排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6547348B2 JP6547348B2 JP2015054515A JP2015054515A JP6547348B2 JP 6547348 B2 JP6547348 B2 JP 6547348B2 JP 2015054515 A JP2015054515 A JP 2015054515A JP 2015054515 A JP2015054515 A JP 2015054515A JP 6547348 B2 JP6547348 B2 JP 6547348B2
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- Prior art keywords
- nox
- injection
- catalyst
- nox purge
- amount
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1821—Injector parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
- F02D2200/0806—NOx storage amount, i.e. amount of NOx stored on NOx trap
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/60—Input parameters for engine control said parameters being related to the driver demands or status
- F02D2200/602—Pedal position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/36—Control for minimising NOx emissions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
- F02D41/402—Multiple injections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Description
NOxパージ制御部100は、排気をリッチ雰囲気にしてNOx吸蔵還元型触媒32に吸蔵されているNOxを還元浄化により無害化して放出することで、NOx吸蔵還元型触媒32のNOx吸蔵能力を回復させるNOxパージ制御を実行する。
図4は、NOxパージ開始処理部110による開始処理を示すブロック図である。NOxパージ開始処理部110は、NOxパージ開始判定部111、タイマ112、NOx吸蔵量推定部113、吸蔵量閾値マップ114、触媒温度推定部115、吸蔵量閾値補正部116、浄化率演算部117、インターバル目標値マップ118、インターバル目標値補正部119、劣化度合推定部120を一部の機能要素として有する。
図5は、NOxパージ禁止処理部120による禁止処理を示すブロック図である。NOxパージ禁止処理部120は、以下の禁止条件(1)〜(8)の何れかが成立すると、NOxパージ禁止フラグFPro_NPをオン(FPro_NP=1)にして、NOxパージ制御の実施を禁止する。
NOxパージリーン制御部130は、NOxパージフラグFNPがオンにされると、空気過剰率を定常運転時(例えば、約1.5)から理論空燃比相当値(約1.0)よりもリーン側の第1目標空気過剰率(例えば、約1.3)まで低下させるNOxパージリーン制御を実行する。以下、NOxパージリーン制御の詳細について説明する。
数式(1)において、Qfnl_corrdは後述する学習補正された燃料噴射量(ポスト噴射を除く)、RoFuelは燃料比重、AFRstoは理論空燃比、Maf_corrは後述するMAF補正係数をそれぞれ示している。
NOxパージリッチ制御部140は、NOxパージフラグFNPがオンにされると、空気過剰率を第1目標空気過剰率からリッチ側の第2目標空気過剰率(例えば、約0.9)まで低下させるNOxパージリッチ制御を実行する。以下、NOxパージリッチ制御による詳細について説明する。
数式(2)において、MAFNPL_TrgtはNOxパージリーンMAF目標値であって、前述のMAF目標値演算部132から入力される。また、Qfnl_corrdは後述する学習補正されたMAF追従制御適用前の燃料噴射量(ポスト噴射を除く)、RoFuelは燃料比重、AFRstoは理論空燃比、Maf_corrは後述するMAF補正係数をそれぞれ示している。
図8は、第2開始条件(NOx吸蔵量増加)でのNOxパージリッチ制御を説明する図である。図8の例では、NOx吸蔵量推定部113で推定されたNOx吸蔵量(NOx吸蔵量推定値m_NOx)が、NOx吸蔵量閾値STR_thr_NOx以上になっている。また、触媒温度推定部115で推定された触媒温度が、標準的な触媒活性温度に基づいて定められた触媒温度閾値Temp_cat_std以上になっている。さらに、アクセル操作に基づく燃料噴射量が噴射量閾値Q_thr_std以上になっており、且つ、その燃料噴射量が安定している(燃料噴射量の変動が所定の閾値範囲内に収まっている)。また、タイマ112によって計時されるインターバルは、インターバル目標値補正部119で補正されたインターバル目標値以上である。これらに基づいて、NOxパージ開始処理部110は、第2開始条件が成立したと判定し、NOxパージリッチ制御部140(第1NOxパージ制御手段)は、第2開始条件に対応するNOxパージリッチ制御を実施する。
図9は、第4開始条件(最適浄化条件)でのNOxパージリッチ制御を説明する図である。図9の例では、NOx吸蔵量推定部113で推定されたNOx吸蔵量(NOx吸蔵量推定値m_NOx)が、NOx吸蔵量閾値STR_thr_NOx(本発明の吸蔵量閾値の一例)よりも低くなっている。また、触媒温度推定部115で推定された触媒温度が、良好な触媒活性温度に基づいて定められた触媒温度閾値Temp_cat_Hi以上になっている。この触媒温度閾値Temp_cat_Hiは、本発明の第2触媒温度閾値の一例であり、標準的な触媒活性温度に基づいて定められた触媒温度閾値Temp_cat_std(本発明の第1触媒温度閾値の一例)よりも高い温度に設定され、NOx吸蔵還元型触媒32によるNOxの還元浄化効率が一層高い温度域に定められている。さらに、アクセル操作に基づく燃料噴射量が噴射量閾値Q_thr_std以上になっており、且つ、その燃料噴射量が安定している(燃料噴射量の変動が所定の閾値範囲内に収まっている)。また、タイマ112によって計時されるインターバルは、インターバル目標値補正部119で補正されたインターバル目標値以上である。これらに基づいて、NOxパージ開始処理部110は、第4開始条件が成立したと判定し、NOxパージリッチ制御部140(第2NOxパージ制御手段)は、第4開始条件に対応するNOxパージリッチ制御を実施する(時刻t1から時刻t2)。
図10は、第7開始条件(触媒低温時)でのNOxパージリッチ制御を説明する図である。図10の例では、NOx吸蔵量推定部113で推定されたNOx吸蔵量(NOx吸蔵量推定値m_NOx)が、NOx吸蔵量閾値STR_thr_NOx以上になっている。また、触媒温度推定部115で推定された触媒温度が、触媒温度閾値Temp_cat_Lo未満ではあるが、触媒温度閾値Temp_cat_Loから所定の閾値範囲△Tempの範囲内に入っている。
MAF追従制御部80は、(1)通常運転のリーン状態からNOxパージ制御によるリッチ状態への切り替え期間及び、(2)NOxパージ制御によるリッチ状態から通常運転のリーン状態への切り替え期間に、各インジェクタ11の燃料噴射タイミング及び燃料噴射量をMAF変化に応じて補正する制御(MAF追従制御)を実行する。
図11に示すように、噴射量学習補正部300は、学習補正係数演算部310と、噴射量補正部320とを有する。
MAF補正係数演算部400は、NOxパージ制御時のMAF目標値MAFNPL_Trgtや目標噴射量QNPR_Trgtの設定に用いられるMAF補正係数Maf_corrを演算する。
なお、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変形して実施することが可能である。
11 インジェクタ
12 吸気通路
13 排気通路
16 吸気スロットルバルブ
24 EGRバルブ
31 酸化触媒
32 NOx吸蔵還元型触媒
33 フィルタ
34 排気管噴射装置
40 MAFセンサ
45 NOx/ラムダセンサ
50 ECU
Claims (3)
- 内燃機関の排気通路に設けられて、排気リーン状態で排気中のNOxを吸蔵すると共に、排気リッチ状態で吸蔵されているNOxを還元浄化するNOx吸蔵還元型触媒と、
ポスト噴射及び排気管噴射の少なくとも一方の燃料噴射制御により排気をリッチ状態にして、前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒に吸蔵されているNOxを還元浄化させるNOxパージを実施するNOxパージ制御部と、を備え、
前記NOxパージ制御部は、
前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒に吸蔵されたNOxの吸蔵量を推定するNOx吸蔵量推定手段と、
前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒の触媒温度が第1触媒温度閾値以上であって前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒におけるNOx吸蔵量が吸蔵量閾値以上である場合には、所定のインターバルで繰り返し燃料を噴射する連続リッチ噴射において、燃料噴射間のインターバルを徐々に短くしながら燃料を噴射する第1NOxパージ制御手段と、
前記NOx吸蔵量が前記吸蔵量閾値未満であっても、前記触媒温度が前記第1触媒温度閾値よりも高い第2触媒温度閾値以上である場合には、前記第1NOxパージ制御手段で噴射される燃料噴射量よりも少ない量の燃料を噴射する第2NOxパージ制御手段と、を備え、
前記第1NOxパージ制御手段は、前記連続リッチ噴射において、前記NOx吸蔵量推定手段が求めた推定吸蔵量のNOxを還元浄化するのに必要な燃料噴射回数よりも1回多く燃料を噴射し、
前記第2NOxパージ制御手段は、前記NOx吸蔵量推定手段が求めた推定吸蔵量のNOxを還元浄化するのに必要とされる最低量の燃料を噴射する
排気浄化システム。 - 前記第2触媒温度閾値は、前記第1触媒温度閾値における前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒よりもNOxの還元浄化効率が一層高い温度となる温度域に基づいて定められる
請求項1に記載の排気浄化システム。 - 前記第1NOxパージ制御手段は、前回実施されたNOxパージの制御終了からの経過時間が所定の閾値時間以上である場合に、連続リッチ噴射を開始し、
前記第2NOxパージ制御手段は、前回実施されたNOxパージの制御終了からの経過時間が前記所定の閾値時間以上である場合に、燃料噴射を開始し、
前記NOxパージ制御部は、前記NOx吸蔵還元型触媒の劣化度合が大きくなるほど前記所定の閾値時間を短くする
請求項1又は2に記載の排気浄化システム。
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EP16765017.5A EP3273021B1 (en) | 2015-03-18 | 2016-03-16 | Exhaust purification system |
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