JP6480407B2 - 電子的に切り替え可能なプライバシー装置 - Google Patents
電子的に切り替え可能なプライバシー装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6480407B2 JP6480407B2 JP2016500782A JP2016500782A JP6480407B2 JP 6480407 B2 JP6480407 B2 JP 6480407B2 JP 2016500782 A JP2016500782 A JP 2016500782A JP 2016500782 A JP2016500782 A JP 2016500782A JP 6480407 B2 JP6480407 B2 JP 6480407B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- privacy
- transparent
- transparent electrode
- electronically switchable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 153
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 54
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 39
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 34
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000012788 optical film Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 12
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 10
- GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=CSC=C21 GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-2-enoyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C KUDUQBURMYMBIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940123457 Free radical scavenger Drugs 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 6
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 5
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical group NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azulene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC2=C1 CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- JNELGWHKGNBSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N xanthone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 JNELGWHKGNBSMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002042 Silver nanowire Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical group C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical group [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- LNBMZFHIYRDKNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound COC(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LNBMZFHIYRDKNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZSSVCEUEVMALRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-5-(octyloxy)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C1=NC(C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2)C)=NC(C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2)C)=N1 ZSSVCEUEVMALRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1O CDAWCLOXVUBKRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013036 UV Light Stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005336 allyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RSOILICUEWXSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl) decanedioate Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1 RSOILICUEWXSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000402 bisphenol A polycarbonate polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940114081 cinnamate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001988 diarylethenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- UHPJWJRERDJHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C=C.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 UHPJWJRERDJHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005677 ethinylene group Chemical group [*:2]C#C[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- UJRDRFZCRQNLJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 3-[3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(=O)OC)=CC(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=C1O UJRDRFZCRQNLJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000553 poly(phenylenevinylene) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanol Chemical compound [SiH3]O SCPYDCQAZCOKTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003553 thiiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M trans-cinnamate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylazepan-2-one Chemical compound C=CN1CCCCCC1=O JWYVGKFDLWWQJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004825 2,2-dimethylpropylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- YMMGRPLNZPTZBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[2,3-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=C1C=CS2 YMMGRPLNZPTZBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IEORSVTYLWZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-nonylphenoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1OCCO IEORSVTYLWZQJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXRSLDLTQUKAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;propane Chemical class CCC.CCC(CO)(CO)CO BXRSLDLTQUKAEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-trien-2-yl)-2-phenylethanone Chemical compound OC(C(=O)c1cccc2Oc12)c1ccccc1 NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- YYPNJNDODFVZLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)=CC(O)=O YYPNJNDODFVZLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVVRCYWZTJLJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dimethylaminophenol Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JVVRCYWZTJLJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dimethylaminopyridine Substances CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVASPUFCXFNIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethylnon-2-ene Chemical group CCCCC(CC)CC=CC MVASPUFCXFNIKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000270728 Alligator Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012958 Amine synergist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010011703 Cyanosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical class C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000479842 Pella Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010034912 Phobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108091092920 SmY RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001237710 Smyrna Species 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCC DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWBMVXOCTXTBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OC FWBMVXOCTXTBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002322 conducting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001916 cyano esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylethyleneglycol Natural products CC(C)(O)CO BTVWZWFKMIUSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000609 electron-beam lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004299 exfoliation Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycinamide Chemical compound NCC(N)=O BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PAQGTCFSKWUKHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pentyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)OC PAQGTCFSKWUKHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000813 microcontact printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000847 nonoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002990 phenothiazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000019899 phobic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002779 poly(alkoxythiophenes) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000414 polyfuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002495 polyphenylene ethynylene polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005650 polypropylene glycol diacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007261 regionalization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003362 replicative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002631 room-temperature vulcanizate silicone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013464 silicone adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004447 silicone coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibanylidynetin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sn].[Sb] SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009281 ultraviolet germicidal irradiation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1503—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect caused by oxidation-reduction reactions in organic liquid solutions, e.g. viologen solutions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/161—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
- G02F2001/1557—Side by side arrangements of working and counter electrodes
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Description
本開示は、選択された実施形態として以下のアイテムを提供する。
アイテム1.電子的に切り替え可能なプライバシー装置であって、該プライバシー装置は、
第1の透明電極層であって、
第1の透明基材層と、前記第1の透明基材層の主表面に配置された第1の透明導電層とを含み、前記第1の透明基材層は可撓性である、第1の透明電極層と、
第1の透明導電層に隣接して配置された電子的に切り替え可能な層と、
前記電子的に切り替え可能な層に隣接し、かつ第1の透明な導電層に対向して配置された第2の透明電極層であって、前記第2の透明電極層は、
第2の透明基材層と、
前記第2の透明基材層の主表面にわたって伸びて、微細構造リブがリブ及びチャネルを交互に連続して形成するような複数の微細構造リブであって、各チャネルは隣接したリブにより定められるチャネル壁を有する、複数の微細構造リブと、
対応する複数のチャネルの少なくとも1つのチャネル壁に配置された透明電極材料を含む複数の透明電極部材と、
複数の第2の透明電極部材にわたって電気接続を提供するバス部材と、
第1の透明電極層を該スペーサ要素により第2の透明電極層から離間させるような、電子的に切り替え可能な層に配置されているスペーサ要素と、を含む、第2の透明電極層と、を含み、
前記電子的に切り替え可能な層の一部は少なくとも部分的に複数のチャネルを満たし、及び、複数の透明な電極部材と電気接触し、
前記電子的に切り替え可能な層は、前記第1及び第2の透明電極層にわたって直流電圧印加の際に高光吸収状態と低光吸収状態との間で変調ができる、電子的に切り替え可能な材料を備え、
第1の直流電圧が印加される際に、フィルムはプライバシーモードであって、それは30度の視野角で約10%未満の光透過率を有し、
第2の直流電圧が印加される際、フィルムは光透過率を上げるシェアモードであり、プライバシーモードとシェアモードとの間の透過率の違いは約30度〜約45度の視野角で少なくとも5%であり、フィルムは0度〜約15度まで視野角でシェア及びプライバシーモードで少なくとも約25%の光透過率を有する、プライバシー装置。
別途記載のない限り、透過値は、ヘイズメーター(BYK−Gardner USA(Columbia MD)から入手した商標名「HAZE−GARD PLUS」)を使用して測定した。
実施例1の微細構造フィルム層の作製
微細構造フィルムは、以下の説明によれば、ロールツーロールウェブコーティング工程を使用した下塗り処理されたPETフィルムに、アクリル樹脂配合物を成形及びUV硬化させることによって、作製された。アクリル樹脂配合物(米国特許第8,012,567号(Gaidesら)に記載される)は、樹脂の粘性を減少させるためのコーティング前に80℃まで加熱されて、次に移動ウェブ上に注入された。使用するウェブ速度は10ft/分(約3メートル/分)であり、コーティングされたウェブは、110°F(43℃)で作動している微細構造化円筒状圧痕形成ツールに対して押しつけられた。次いで微細構造樹脂は、600ワット/2.5cm(電力設定100%)で設定された、2つのFUSION高輝度UV D−バルブランプ(Fusion Systems(Rockville、MD)から入手)を使用して硬化した。それから、硬化した微細構造樹脂は、200°F(93℃)で長さ4フィート(1.2メートル)のアニーリングオーブンを通過した。得られた微細構造フィルムは、表面上は互いに直角なチャネル壁及びチャネル底を備え、リブ及びチャネルの間に規則的間隔が生じた。フィルムの微細構造化面の特徴は、表2にまとめられる。
95重量部のPEDOT/PSS水性分散体及び5重量部のエチレングリコールの混合物を含む、透明導電性ポリマの水溶性配合物が、上述で作製された、洗浄された微細構造フィルムの先端積層端に適用された。PETフィルムのカバーシートはコーティング領域に定置され、ラミネートニップがサンドイッチ型フィルム上に降ろされた。積層は、微細構造フィルムのマイクロチャネルの方向に(溶液がマイクロチャネルに押し込まれるように)、20psi(140kPa)の圧力及び毎分10フィート(約3メートル/分)の速度で行われた。積層は、後縁部から溶液が流れてでる前で止められ、積層体は10分間放置されて、溶液が沈殿して、毛管現象によってチャネルに満ちるようにした。PETシートは除去されて、微細構造上の過剰な溶液は、クリーンルームワイプでふき取られた。コーティングしたサンプルは、ガラスプレートにテープで貼り付けられて、3分間120℃で再循環エアオーブンに置かれた。次に、上記のPEDOT/PSS水性分散体及びエチレングリコール混合物の第2のコーティングが、記載されているのと同じ手順を用いて、第1のコーティングの最上部に塗布されて、上記のように乾燥した。次にコロイド状銀ペーストの1cm幅のバンドが、フィルムの一端部に沿って、透明導電体で満たされた各チャネルを電気的に接続する「バスバー」を提供するようにマイクロチャネル方向に対して垂直に、透明導電体コーティングフィルム全体に広げられた。サンプルは、10分間80度の温度でオーブンに入れられて、コロイド状ペーストから溶媒を乾燥させた。抵抗測定が、10cm×10cmの面積で標準抵抗計(2点プローブ)を使用して行われ、約85オームの抵抗値が得られた。
硬化性液体電解質を微細構造陰極に広げることを制御して、陰極と陽極との間の電気短絡を回避するのに役立つために、少なくとも4インチ×4インチ(約10cm×10cm)の「窓枠」が、2ミル(51マイクロメートル)下塗り未処理のPETフィルムから取り除かれた。先の細いホールピペット(Samco Scientific(San Fernando、CA)から入手した商標名「SAMCO」)を使用して、NOA 61接着剤は、微細構造陰極の境界線周辺に置かれた。PET2ミル(51マイクロメートル)の薄い長方形フレームは接着剤の上に置かれて、スタックを形成した。スタックは、剥離ライナ(CP Films(Fieldale、VA)から入手した商標名「T50 CLEARSIL」)で覆われて、ハンドローラを使用して滑らかにされ、スタックは、365nmの紫外線ランプバルブ(2.0mW/cm2)下に空気中15分間置かれて、接着剤を硬化させた。そうして剥離ライナは、次の工程前に除去された。
硬化性電解質配合物は、表3に示される成分をきれいで乾燥したアンバーバイアル瓶に入れることによって作製された。
陽極層は、ITOコーティングされたPETフィルムを陰極装置の窓枠よりわずかに大きく切って作製されて、それにより、約1インチ(約2.5cm)の陽極張り出しが、陰極の3つの側面周辺に存在した。ITO面は、積層に先だって酸素環境で1分間プラズマ洗浄されて、次に、2ミリリットルの硬化性電解質/EDOT配合物(表3を参照)が、気泡が形成しないように注意しながら、プラスチックピペットを使用して微細構造陰極フィルムのフレーム領域上に分注された。陽極層は、硬化性電解質層の上に、ITO側下方に配置されて、少なくとも陰極装置幅でハンドローラを使用してそっと、だがしっかりと押圧されて、銀ペーストバスバーを含まない陰極の3側面上の1インチの張り出し維持を確認した。後縁部を越えて流れ出た余剰材料は、クリーンルームワイプで除去された。硬化性電解質のコーティングの後、NOA 68接着剤が、装置を封止するために、陽極/陰極界面の全4側面周辺に塗布された。フィルムの本スタックは、UVバルブ下で15分間2.0mW/crn2配置されて、硬化性電解質及びNOA 68接着剤の層を同時に硬化させて、その一方で、EDOT材料を実質的に非重合のままにした。次いで、約0.125”(約3mm)幅の3M銅テープ片が、装置の3側面周辺のITO陽極張り出し領域に配置された。
装置を、直流電圧源(BK Precision Inc.(Yorba Linda、CA)から入手した商標名「BK1672 TRIPLE OUTLET DC VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY」)に、微細構造フィルム側面(すなわち、陰極)の銀ペーストに取り付けた陽極端子、及び、頂部電極(すなわち、陽極)の銅テープに取り付けた負極端子を使用して、取り付けた。+4.0Vの直流電圧は約10分間印加されて、硬化ポリマ電解質のマトリックス内部で電子的にEDOTモノマを重合させた。その後サンプルは、+2.0Vの直流電圧の印加で透明な淡青色(酸化状態)に(シェアモード)、−2.0Vの直流電圧の印加で濃く着色した青(還元状態)に(プライバシーモード)、繰り返し切り替えられた。プライバシーモード及びシェアモードのプライバシー装置の透過率測定が、0度及び45度の視野角で行われ、その結果は表4にまとめられた。
第2のプライバシー装置は実施例1と同じ方法で作成されたが、硬化性電解質配合物は表5に示される材料を使用した。
第3のプライバシー装置は、実施例1と同じ方法で作成されたが、硬化性電解質配合物は表7に示される材料を使用した。
Claims (3)
- 電子的に切り替え可能なプライバシー装置であって、該プライバシー装置は、
第1の透明電極層であって、
第1の透明基材層と、前記第1の透明基材層の主表面に配置された第1の透明導電層とを含み、前記第1の透明基材層は可撓性である、第1の透明電極層と、
第1の透明導電層に隣接して配置された電子的に切り替え可能な層と、
前記電子的に切り替え可能な層に隣接し、かつ第1の透明な導電層に対向して配置された第2の透明電極層であって、前記第2の透明電極層は、
第2の透明基材層と、
前記第2の透明基材層の主表面にわたって伸びて、微細構造リブがリブ及びチャネルを交互に連続して形成するような複数の微細構造リブであって、各チャネルは隣接したリブにより定められるチャネル壁を有する、複数の微細構造リブと、
対応する複数のチャネルの少なくとも1つのチャネル壁に配置された透明電極材料を含む複数の透明電極部材と、
複数の第2の透明電極部材にわたって電気接続を提供するバス部材と、
第1の透明電極層をスペーサ要素により第2の透明電極層から離間させるような、電子的に切り替え可能な層に配置されているスペーサ要素と、を含む、第2の透明電極層と、を含み、
前記電子的に切り替え可能な層の一部は少なくとも部分的に複数のチャネルを満たし、及び、複数の透明な電極部材と電気接触し、
前記電子的に切り替え可能な層は、前記第1及び第2の透明電極層にわたって直流電圧印加の際に高光吸収状態と低光吸収状態との間で変調ができる、電子的に切り替え可能な材料を備え、
第1の直流電圧が印加される際に、この装置はプライバシーモードであって、それは30度の視野角で約10%未満の光透過率を有し、
第2の直流電圧が印加される際、この装置は光透過率を上げるシェアモードであり、プライバシーモードとシェアモードとの間の透過率の違いは約30度〜約45度の視野角で少なくとも5%であり、この装置は0度〜約15度まで視野角でシェア及びプライバシーモードで少なくとも約25%の光透過率を有する、プライバシー装置。 - 物品であって、
請求項1のプライバシー装置と、
直流電圧を供給するための回路と、を備える、物品。 - 表示装置であって、
表示画素アレイと、
前記表示画素アレイに隣接する表示カバー面であって、前記表示カバー面が前記表示画素アレイに対向する観察面を含む、表示カパー面と、
前記観察面上に配置された請求項1のプライバシー装置と、を備える表示装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361778995P | 2013-03-13 | 2013-03-13 | |
US61/778,995 | 2013-03-13 | ||
PCT/US2014/021538 WO2014164257A1 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-03-07 | Electronically switchable privacy device |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2016512348A JP2016512348A (ja) | 2016-04-25 |
JP2016512348A5 JP2016512348A5 (ja) | 2017-04-13 |
JP6480407B2 true JP6480407B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
Family
ID=51658837
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016500782A Active JP6480407B2 (ja) | 2013-03-13 | 2014-03-07 | 電子的に切り替え可能なプライバシー装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9500888B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6480407B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102183001B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105074543B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014164257A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (52)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6504753B2 (ja) * | 2013-06-07 | 2019-04-24 | キヤノン株式会社 | エレクトロクロミック素子、その駆動方法、光学フィルタ、撮像装置、レンズユニットおよび窓材 |
US10294415B2 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2019-05-21 | iGlass Technology, Inc. | Electrochromic composition and electrochromic device using same |
US10344208B2 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2019-07-09 | iGlass Technology, Inc. | Electrochromic device and method for manufacturing electrochromic device |
CN104083869A (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-10-08 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 多人游戏机及显示系统 |
WO2016021861A1 (en) * | 2014-08-02 | 2016-02-11 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Electronic device and user interaction method thereof |
US9766528B2 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2017-09-19 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochemical devices with plastic substrates |
EP3313957A4 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2018-11-07 | Gentex Corporation | Electrochromic thermoplastics, devices, and composites |
DE102015011933B3 (de) * | 2015-09-14 | 2017-02-02 | Sioptica Gmbh | Verfahren und Verwendung eines Bildschirms zur sicheren Darstellung von Information |
KR20180058756A (ko) | 2015-09-23 | 2018-06-01 | 코닌클리케 필립스 엔.브이. | 디스플레이 장치 및 구동 방법 |
KR102072852B1 (ko) | 2015-11-20 | 2020-02-03 | 젠텍스 코포레이션 | 프로톤 가용성 유기 전기변색 화합물 |
US10310302B2 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2019-06-04 | Sioptica Gmbh | Screen for a free viewing mode and a restricted viewing mode |
JP6839581B2 (ja) | 2016-04-01 | 2021-03-10 | 日東電工株式会社 | エレクトロクロミック調光部材、光透過性導電フィルムおよびエレクトロクロミック調光素子 |
US10459307B2 (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2019-10-29 | Gentex Corporation | Flame retardancy of electrochromic devices |
KR102141636B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-09 | 2020-08-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전기변색소자 |
KR102141635B1 (ko) | 2016-05-09 | 2020-08-05 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전기변색소자 |
TWI585650B (zh) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-06-01 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | 觸控顯示裝置 |
WO2018022098A1 (en) | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Display control in display devices |
JP7103717B2 (ja) * | 2016-11-22 | 2022-07-20 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | スペクトル選択性光制御フィルム |
US10380383B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-08-13 | Right Group Central Co., Ltd. | Screen protection filter |
CN108885676A (zh) * | 2017-02-09 | 2018-11-23 | 斯蒂芬·莱波尔德 | 磁性隐私屏幕 |
KR102400334B1 (ko) | 2017-05-26 | 2022-05-19 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 시야각 조절 필름 및 그를 포함한 백라이트 유닛과 표시 장치 |
CN109459863A (zh) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-12 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种显示面板组件及其显示方法 |
US10156768B1 (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-12-18 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Wide-angle beam steerer |
EP3731010B1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2023-09-27 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Visibility range adjustment component and driving method therefor, visibility range adjustment apparatus, and display apparatus |
JP2019113579A (ja) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-07-11 | 株式会社カネカ | クロミックデバイスおよびクロミックデバイスの製造方法 |
KR102467612B1 (ko) * | 2017-12-27 | 2022-11-15 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 프라이버시 보호 필름 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치 |
US11822165B1 (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2023-11-21 | Apple Inc. | Displays with adjustable angles of view |
US10782545B2 (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2020-09-22 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal private device |
CN111936920B (zh) | 2018-07-02 | 2023-09-01 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | 具有交替的聚合物分散的液晶条带的屏幕防窥装置 |
WO2020009691A1 (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-09 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Screen privacy devices with angled polymer-dispersed liquid crystal channels |
WO2020026139A1 (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-02-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | High transmission light control film |
US11397366B2 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2022-07-26 | E Ink California, Llc | Switchable light-collimating layer including bistable electrophoretic fluid |
WO2020033787A1 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2020-02-13 | E Ink California, Llc | Driving waveforms for switchable light-collimating layer including bistable electrophoretic fluid |
EP3834037A4 (en) | 2018-08-10 | 2022-06-08 | E Ink California, LLC | SWITCHABLE LIGHT COLLIMATION LAYER WITH REFLECTOR |
WO2020055390A1 (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-19 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Privacy films for electronic displays |
EP3756046A4 (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2021-10-27 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | PRIVACY FILMS FOR ELECTRONIC DISPLAY DEVICES |
US20200088925A1 (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-19 | Sasha Gillis | Polarized screen protector |
CN111542781B (zh) * | 2018-12-07 | 2023-05-05 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 可视范围调节器件及其驱动方法、可视范围调节装置和显示装置 |
CN111338105A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-26 | 群创光电股份有限公司 | 显示器 |
CN109782506B (zh) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-08-03 | 上海理工大学 | 一种光学可变玻璃及光学可变悬浮展示装置 |
CN110563931A (zh) * | 2019-08-12 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江工业大学 | 一种黑色显示的多层聚合物薄膜及其制备方法和应用 |
US11766822B2 (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2023-09-26 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microstructured surface with increased microorganism removal when cleaned, articles and methods |
CN112305788A (zh) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-02-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 背光模组、显示装置及其控制方法 |
KR102279480B1 (ko) | 2019-12-18 | 2021-07-19 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 프라이버시 필름 및 이를 포함하는 표시장치 |
WO2021124214A1 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light control film and a method of manufacturing the same |
TWI720826B (zh) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-03-01 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | 電致變色元件、顯示裝置及電致變色元件的製造方法 |
GB2593150A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-22 | Vlyte Ltd | A light modulator having bonded structures embedded in its viewing area |
FR3111452B1 (fr) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-01-06 | Sangle Ferriere Bruno | Procédé de protection automatique d’un objet, d’une personne ou d’une information ou œuvre visuelle vis-à-vis d’un risque d’observation non désirée |
CN111880326B (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2023-06-27 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种防窥显示装置及其制备方法、显示装置 |
EP3985046A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-20 | Essilor International | Crosslinked gel formulation |
CN113671766B (zh) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-07-04 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | 光学膜和显示装置 |
CA3212838C (en) | 2021-08-30 | 2024-03-12 | Anton YERKEYEV | Busbar anchoring system and method for pdlc films |
Family Cites Families (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4766023A (en) | 1987-01-16 | 1988-08-23 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Method for making a flexible louvered plastic film with protective coatings and film produced thereby |
US5268782A (en) | 1992-01-16 | 1993-12-07 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Micro-ridged, polymeric liquid crystal display substrate and display device |
ATE298098T1 (de) | 1997-02-06 | 2005-07-15 | Univ Dublin | Elektrochromes system |
CA2385721C (en) | 1999-10-11 | 2009-04-07 | University College Dublin | Electrochromic device |
US6398370B1 (en) * | 2000-11-15 | 2002-06-04 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Light control device |
JP4326190B2 (ja) | 2002-07-10 | 2009-09-02 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 可とう性成形型及びその製造方法 |
GB0322230D0 (en) * | 2003-09-23 | 2003-10-22 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Suspended particle device |
US7057810B2 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2006-06-06 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microstructured screen with light absorbing material and method of manufacturing |
JP3999206B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-05 | 2007-10-31 | シャープ株式会社 | 視野角制御素子およびそれを用いた映像表示装置 |
GB2418518A (en) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-29 | Sharp Kk | A Display |
US7626748B2 (en) | 2005-03-01 | 2009-12-01 | Bijan Radmard | Gel polymers containing ionic liquids |
US7586663B1 (en) | 2005-03-01 | 2009-09-08 | Triton Systems, Inc. | Gel polymer electrolytes |
US7618680B2 (en) | 2005-05-31 | 2009-11-17 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Oxidative chemical vapor deposition of electrically conductive and electrochromic polymers |
KR101257136B1 (ko) | 2006-01-12 | 2013-04-23 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 집광 필름 |
US7403325B2 (en) * | 2006-05-19 | 2008-07-22 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophoretic display device |
KR101546554B1 (ko) * | 2007-12-21 | 2015-08-25 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 광 제어 필름 |
TWI387829B (zh) * | 2008-09-11 | 2013-03-01 | Prime View Int Co Ltd | 彩色顯示裝置 |
JP6120481B2 (ja) | 2009-02-06 | 2017-04-26 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 光制御フィルム及び多層光学フィルムスタック |
US8432603B2 (en) | 2009-03-31 | 2013-04-30 | View, Inc. | Electrochromic devices |
CN102369478A (zh) | 2009-03-31 | 2012-03-07 | 康涅狄格大学 | 柔性电致变色装置、其电极及制造方法 |
KR101880088B1 (ko) | 2009-06-11 | 2018-07-19 | 스위치 머티리얼즈 인코퍼레이티드 | 가변 투과율 광 필터 및 그 사용 방법 |
CN102870040B (zh) | 2010-03-25 | 2015-07-08 | 康涅狄格大学 | 用于固态器件的共轭聚合物的形成 |
KR101226226B1 (ko) * | 2010-04-22 | 2013-01-28 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 프라이버시 보호필터 및 그 제조방법 |
EP2614404A1 (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2013-07-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Switchable privacy filter |
US20130271811A1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-10-17 | Switch Materials, Inc. | Variable transmittance optical filter with substantially co-planar electrode system |
KR20120077159A (ko) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-10 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 전자종이 디스플레이 장치 및 그 제조방법 |
CN103460123B (zh) | 2011-04-15 | 2016-02-10 | 3M创新有限公司 | 用于电子显示器的透明电极 |
KR20140085466A (ko) | 2011-09-30 | 2014-07-07 | 쓰리엠 이노베이티브 프로퍼티즈 컴파니 | 전기적으로 전환 가능한 프라이버시 필름 및 그것을 갖는 표시 장치 |
CN103827736B (zh) | 2011-09-30 | 2017-09-12 | 3M创新有限公司 | 电子可切换式保密膜和具有电子可切换式保密膜的显示器件 |
US20140036343A1 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-06 | Qualcomm Mems Technologies, Inc. | Interferometric modulator with improved primary colors |
-
2014
- 2014-03-07 WO PCT/US2014/021538 patent/WO2014164257A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-07 KR KR1020157028194A patent/KR102183001B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2014-03-07 US US14/772,246 patent/US9500888B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-07 JP JP2016500782A patent/JP6480407B2/ja active Active
- 2014-03-07 CN CN201480014468.4A patent/CN105074543B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR102183001B1 (ko) | 2020-11-25 |
WO2014164257A1 (en) | 2014-10-09 |
US20160011441A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 |
KR20150127211A (ko) | 2015-11-16 |
US9500888B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
CN105074543A (zh) | 2015-11-18 |
CN105074543B (zh) | 2018-10-23 |
JP2016512348A (ja) | 2016-04-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6480407B2 (ja) | 電子的に切り替え可能なプライバシー装置 | |
TWI575263B (zh) | 電子式可切換隱私膜及具有該膜的顯示裝置 | |
TWI441857B (zh) | 電泳介質 | |
TWI281054B (en) | Electrochromic device based on poly-(3,4-dioxy-thiophene)derivatives | |
TW201319659A (zh) | 電子式可切換隱私膜及具有該膜的顯示裝置 | |
TW202016610A (zh) | 包含雙穩態電泳流體之可切換的光準直層 | |
WO2007001879A1 (en) | Liquid crystal droplets in a hydrophobic binder | |
JP6888321B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子 | |
CN105974683A (zh) | 液晶显示面板及其制作方法 | |
WO2003001289A1 (fr) | Dispositif d'affichage et son procede de fabrication | |
TW526374B (en) | Liquid crystal alignment layers, methods for their preparation, and liquid crystal devices and displays comprising them | |
JP2018132650A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子 | |
WO2021251498A1 (ja) | 調光シート | |
JP2016024303A (ja) | エレクトロクロミック装置及びその製造方法 | |
JP6794621B2 (ja) | ゲル電解質、及びエレクトロクロミック素子 | |
JP2005070462A (ja) | 電気泳動表示装置の製造方法、電気泳動表示装置および電子機器 | |
KR20190004033A (ko) | 전기변색소자 | |
JP6657615B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子及びその駆動方法 | |
JP6885073B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック素子 | |
JP6531177B2 (ja) | 液晶セルおよび3次元構造液晶セル | |
JP5873237B2 (ja) | 光学積層体、偏光板およびそれを用いた表示装置 | |
JP2016075877A (ja) | 電気泳動表示媒体用シート及びこれを用いた電気泳動表示媒体 | |
JP6798166B2 (ja) | エレクトロクロミック表示素子 | |
TWI829072B (zh) | 電致變色元件及其形成方法 | |
JP2006313337A (ja) | 黒色表示媒体用粒子及びそれを用いた情報表示用パネル |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170306 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20170306 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20180216 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20180227 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20180525 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20180806 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20190108 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20190207 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6480407 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |