JP6479738B2 - 有機デバイス上の非共通キャッピング層 - Google Patents
有機デバイス上の非共通キャッピング層 Download PDFInfo
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- H10K50/125—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers specially adapted for multicolour light emission, e.g. for emitting white light
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Description
一般に、OLEDは、アノードとカソードとの間に配置され且つそれらと電気的に接続された少なくとも1つの有機層を含む。電流が流された場合、有機層(1又は複数)にアノードは正孔を注入し、カソードは電子を注入する。注入された正孔と電子はそれぞれ反対に帯電した電極に向かって移動する。電子と正孔が同じ分子上に局在する場合、励起エネルギー状態を有する局在化された電子−正孔対である「励起子」が形成される。励起子が発光機構によって緩和するときに光が発せられる。いくらかの場合には、励起子はエキシマー又はエキシプレックス上に局在化されうる。非放射機構、例えば、熱緩和も起こりうるが、通常は好ましくないと考えられる。
及び、Baldoら,“Very high-efficiency green organic light-emitting devices based on electrophosphorescence”, Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 75, No. 3, 4-6 (1999) (“Baldo-II”)、これらを参照により全体を援用する。燐光は、米国特許第7,279,704号明細書の第5〜6欄に、より詳細に記載されており、これを参照により援用する。
H. Riel, S. Karg, T. Beierlein, B. Ruhstaller, 及びW. Riess,「Phosphorescent Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Devices With Improved Light Outcoupling」, Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 82, No. 3(2003年1月20日)。
H. Riel, S. Karg, T. Beierlein, B. Ruhstaller, 及びW. Riess,「Tuning the Emission Characteristics of Top-Emitting Organic Light-Emitting Devices By Means of a Dielectric Capping Layer: An Experimental and Theoretical Study」, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 94, No. 8 (2003年10月15日)。
それぞれの有機デバイスに対する全キャッピング層を用いることによって最適化されたそれぞれのOLEDの発光を有するデバイス(例えばディスプレイ)を開示している(例えば、必要に応じて異なる厚さ及び/又は物質を備えることによって)。そのような上面(トップ)発光デバイスにおいて作られた干渉パターンの効果は、キャッピング層の光学的厚さと発光の波長によって部分的に決まり、それによって最小化されうる。キャッピング層の厚さがOLEDの光学的効率に影響を及ぼしうるという当技術分野における理解にもかかわらず、これの解決方法、すなわち複数の色(例えば、赤、緑、及び青のディスプレイ)を発光する複数のOLEDを有するデバイスに対する新しいアプローチを提供する解決方法についてのいかなる認識もなかった。実際に、当産業においては、そのような解決法は教示されておらず、それがそのようなデバイスを製造するためには実用的でなく且つ/又は費用効率が悪いであろうという考えによる。しかし、以下に詳細に述べるように、本発明者は、これらの問題のうちのいくつか又は全てを満足しうるそのような態様のものを製造する方法及びデバイスの態様を本明細書において提供している。
ST Lee, JY Lee, MH Kim, MC Suh, TM Kang, YJ Choi, JY Park, JH Kwon, HK Chung, “A New Patterning Method for Full-Color Polymer Light-Emitting Devices: Laser Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI)”, Proceeding of the Society for Information Display, Digest of Technical Papers 33: (suppl2), Boston, 2002, pp 784-787。
ST Lee, BD Chin, MH Kim, TM Kang, MW Song, JH Lee, HD Kim, HK Chung, MB Wolk, E Bellman, JP Baetzold, S Lamansky, V Savvateev, TR Hoffend JS Staral, RR Roberts, Y. Li, A novel patterning method for full-color organic light-emitting devices: laser-induced thermal imaging (LITI). Proceeding of the Society for Information Display, Digest of Technical Papers 35:(suppl2), Seattle, 2004, pp 1008-1011。
T Hirano, K Matsuda, K Kohinata, K Hanawa, T Matsumi, E Matsuda, T Ishibashi, A Yoshida, T Sasaoka, “Novel Laser Transfer Technology for Manufacturing Large-Sized Displays”, Proceedings of the Society for Information Display, Digest of Technical Papers 38:(suppl2), Long Beach, 2007, pp 1592-1595。
以下に、デバイスの態様の例、及びデバイスの製造の方法の例を説明し、デバイスは有機デバイスと異なる複数の(即ち共通ではない)キャッピング層を含む。これらの態様は説明の目的のみのために説明し、したがって限定することを意図していない。この開示を読んだ後で、当業者には、以下に記載した様々な構成要素が特定の態様において組み合わせられ又は省略される一方で、なお記載した原理を実施しうることが明らかであろう。
説明した例示の方法に加えて、ここには例示の装置の説明を示す。ここでも、上述したように、実施態様は説明の目的のみのためであり、限定することを意味していない。
残りの図面をここでより詳細に説明する。図面は例示態様を表し、限定することを意味しない。図面の多くは上で参照し、それによって、示したように提示した説明に関連しうる。
Claims (18)
- 第一の基板上に複数の有機発光デバイス(OLED)を備え付ける工程であって、各OLEDが透光性の上面電極を含み、前記の複数の有機発光デバイスがOLEDの第一の部分と、前記第一の部分とは異なる、OLEDの第二の部分とを含み、前記複数のOLEDが複数の赤色OLED、複数の緑色OLED、及び複数の青色OLEDを含んでおり;
複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第一の部分の上に第一のキャッピング層を堆積させて、前記第一のキャッピング層を複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第一の部分と光学的に結合させる工程;及び
複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第二の部分の上に前記第一のキャッピング層を堆積させて、前記第一のキャッピング層を複数のOLEDの前記第二の部分と光学的に結合させる工程;
複数のOLEDの前記第二の部分の上にのみ第二のキャッピング層を堆積させて、前記第二のキャッピング層を複数のOLEDの前記第二の部分と光学的に結合させるが、複数のOLEDの前記第一の部分とは光学的に結合させない工程、
を含む方法であって、
OLEDの前記第一の部分が複数の青色OLEDを含み、OLEDの前記第二の部分が複数の赤色OLEDである、方法。 - 前記第二のキャッピング層が、ファインメタルマスク(FMM)を通して堆積されるのではない、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第一のキャッピング層が複数のOLEDの前記第一の部分全体に一定である第一の全光学経路を有しており;
前記第二のキャッピング層が複数のOLEDの前記第二の部分全体に一定である第二の全光学経路を有しており;且つ
前記第一の全光学経路と前記第二の全光学経路とが異なる、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記第二のキャッピング層を堆積させる工程が、レーザー誘起熱画像形成法(LITI)又はレーザー誘起パターン別昇華法(LIPS)のうちの少なくとも一つを含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第二のキャッピング層を堆積させる工程が、第二の基板の一部の上に第二のキャッピング層を堆積させて、前記第二のキャッピング層を複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第二の部分の上に配置させる工程を含む、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記複数のOLEDが、前記第一及び第二の部分とは異なる、OLEDの第三の部分をさらに含み、且つ、複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第三の部分の上に第三のキャッピング層を堆積させて、前記第三のキャッピング層を複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第三の部分と光学的に結合させる工程をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第三のキャッピング層が、複数のOLEDの前記第一の部分及び前記第二の部分とは光学的に結合されていない、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第三のキャッピング層が、複数のOLEDの前記第一の部分又は前記第二の部分とは光学的に結合されていない、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第三のキャッピング層がファインメタルマスクを通して堆積されない、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第三のキャッピング層を堆積させる工程が、レーザー誘起熱画像形成法(LITI)又はレーザー誘起パターン別昇華法(LIPS)のうちの少なくとも一つを含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第三のキャッピング層を堆積させる工程が、第二の基板の一部の上に第三のキャッピング層を堆積させ、且つ前記第三のキャッピング層を複数のOLEDの前記第三の部分の上に配置させる工程を含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第一のキャッピング層が前記複数の青色OLEDに対して最適化されている、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記第二のキャッピング層が、前記複数の赤色OLEDに対して最適化されている厚さを有する、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記第三のキャッピング層が、前記複数の赤色OLED及び/又は前記複数の緑色OLEDに対して最適化されている厚さを有する、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 複数のOLEDを含み、前記複数のOLEDが複数の赤色OLED、複数の緑色OLED、及び複数の青色OLEDを含んでおり、
各OLEDが、
第一の電極;
前記第一の電極の上に配置された第二の電極;及び
前記第一及び第二の電極の間に配置された有機エレクトロルミネッセンス(EL)物質;
第一のキャッピング層(この第一のキャッピング層は、複数のOLEDの少なくとも第一の部分の第二の電極の上に配置されており、前記複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第一の部分と光学的に結合されており、かつ前記第一のキャッピング層は前記複数のOLEDの少なくとも第二の部分の第二の電極の上にも配置されており、前記第一のキャッピング層は前記複数のOLEDの前記第二の部分と光学的に結合されている);及び、
第二のキャッピング層(この第二のキャッピング層は、複数のOLEDの第二の部分のみの第二の電極の上に配置されており、複数のOLEDの前記第二の部分とは光学的に結合されているが、複数のOLEDの前記第一の部分とは光学的に結合されていない)、
を含み、OLEDの前記第一の部分が複数の青色OLEDを含み、OLEDの前記第二の部分が複数の赤色OLEDである、装置。 - 前記複数のOLEDが、前記第一及び第二の部分とは異なるOLEDの第三の部分をさらに含み、さらに前記複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第三の部分の第二の電極の上に配置された第三のキャッピング層を含み、前記第三のキャッピング層が前記複数のOLEDの少なくとも前記第三の部分と光学的に結合されている、請求項15に記載の装置。
- 前記第二又は前記第三のキャッピング層が、ファインメタルマスク(FMM)を通して堆積されたものではない、請求項16に記載の装置。
- 前記第二のキャッピング層が、前記複数の青色OLED又は前記複数の緑色OLEDとは光学的に結合されておらず、且つ前記第三のキャッピング層が前記複数の赤色OLED又は前記複数の青色OLEDとは光学的に結合されていない、請求項17に記載の装置。
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US8884316B2 (en) | 2014-11-11 |
US20230380237A1 (en) | 2023-11-23 |
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US11751455B2 (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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CN103000824B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
JP2013008669A (ja) | 2013-01-10 |
US20120319145A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
EP2535960A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
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US20190326363A1 (en) | 2019-10-24 |
CN103000824A (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
JP6022225B2 (ja) | 2016-11-09 |
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JP2017004980A (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
CN105957981B (zh) | 2018-06-05 |
KR20210013637A (ko) | 2021-02-04 |
US10340313B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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