JP6469561B2 - 車両用内装材 - Google Patents
車両用内装材 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6469561B2 JP6469561B2 JP2015216972A JP2015216972A JP6469561B2 JP 6469561 B2 JP6469561 B2 JP 6469561B2 JP 2015216972 A JP2015216972 A JP 2015216972A JP 2015216972 A JP2015216972 A JP 2015216972A JP 6469561 B2 JP6469561 B2 JP 6469561B2
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- component
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 63
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/60—Riveting or staking
- B29C65/606—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking
- B29C65/607—Riveting or staking the rivets being integral with one of the parts to be joined, i.e. staking the integral rivets being hollow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
- B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
- B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
- B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
- B29C65/7829—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
- B29C66/543—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining more than two hollow-preforms to form said hollow articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
- B60R13/0206—Arrangements of fasteners and clips specially adapted for attaching inner vehicle liners or mouldings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
- B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
- B60R13/0237—Side or rear panels
- B60R13/0243—Doors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
- F16B5/045—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting without the use of separate rivets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/08—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of welds or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
- B29C65/0672—Spin welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
- B29C65/16—Laser beams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3005—Body finishings
- B29L2031/3014—Door linings
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
Description
また、車両用内装材を構成する各部品の接合に他の部材を要しないため、接合に要する部品点数を削減することができ、軽量化が可能となる。
また、車両用内装材を構成する各部品の接合にタッピングねじ等の他の部材を使用する場合に比べて、各部品の接合作業の工数も削減することができる。
また、車両用内装材を構成する各部品の接合部分の成分が樹脂であるためリサイクル性にも優れている。
前記課題は、それぞれ熱可塑性樹脂製の第1部品及び第2部品と、前記第1部品と前記第2部品の間に配置される中間部品とが接合される車両用内装材であって、前記第1部品は、前記第2部品側に突出した第1突出部を有し、前記中間部品は、前記第1突出部が挿通される第1の貫通孔を有し、前記第2部品は、前記第1突出部が挿通される第2の貫通孔と、前記中間部品側に突出し、前記第1の貫通孔の縁部と嵌合する嵌合部と、を有し、前記第1突出部と前記第2部品が溶着され、前記第1部品は、前記第1突出部の周囲に設けられる、前記第2部品側に延出した壁部を有し、前記第1突出部と前記壁部の間に前記嵌合部が配置されることを特徴とする車両用内装材により解決される。
こうすることで、爪嵌合により第2部品と中間部品との接合強度を向上させることができる。
こうすることで、簡易な構成により第2部品と嵌合する爪部を第1の貫通孔の縁部に形成できる。
こうすることで、第2部品の嵌合部を、中間部品の第1の貫通孔部分に嵌め込み易くなる。これにより、中間部品と第2部品との組み付けの作業性が向上する。
こうすることで、中間部品と嵌合する第2部品の嵌合部の剛性を高めることができる。
こうすることで、車両用内装材を小型化することができる。また、第1部品と第2部品との位置ずれを抑制し、第1部品と第2部品が接合される箇所の剛性を高めることができる。
こうすることで、中間部品の上下方向(第1突出部の突出方向)への動きを規制できる。これにより、車両用内装材の各部品にガタツキが発生することを抑制できる。
こうすることで、第1突出部と壁部の剛性を高めることができる。
こうすることで、第1部品に設けられる壁部の剛性を高めることができる。
10 第1部品
10a 表面部
10b 壁部
10c リブ
10d ボス
12 中間部品
12a 表面部
12b 貫通孔
12c 爪部
12d 切欠き部
14 第2部品
14a 表面部
14b 嵌合部
14c 貫通孔
14d 切欠き部
20 溶着溜り
30 溶着ホーン
D 車両用ドア
D1 第1ドア部品
D2 第2ドア部品
D3 第3ドア部品
J 接合部分
Claims (10)
- それぞれ熱可塑性樹脂製の第1部品及び第2部品と、前記第1部品と前記第2部品の間に配置される中間部品とが接合される車両用内装材であって、
前記第1部品は、前記第2部品側に突出した第1突出部を有し、
前記中間部品は、
前記第1突出部が挿通される第1の貫通孔を有し、
前記第2部品は、前記第1突出部が挿通される第2の貫通孔と、
前記中間部品側に突出し、前記第1の貫通孔の縁部と嵌合する嵌合部と、を有し、
前記第1突出部と前記第2部品が溶着され、
前記嵌合部の側面には、第1の切欠き部が設けられ、
前記第1の切欠き部が前記第1の貫通孔の縁部と嵌合することを特徴とする車両用内装材。 - それぞれ熱可塑性樹脂製の第1部品及び第2部品と、前記第1部品と前記第2部品の間に配置される中間部品とが接合される車両用内装材であって、
前記第1部品は、前記第2部品側に突出した第1突出部を有し、
前記中間部品は、
前記第1突出部が挿通される第1の貫通孔を有し、
前記第2部品は、前記第1突出部が挿通される第2の貫通孔と、
前記中間部品側に突出し、前記第1の貫通孔の縁部と嵌合する嵌合部と、を有し、
前記第1突出部と前記第2部品が溶着され、
前記第1部品は、前記第1突出部の周囲に設けられる、前記第2部品側に延出した壁部を有し、
前記第1突出部と前記壁部の間に前記嵌合部が配置されることを特徴とする車両用内装材。 - 前記第1の貫通孔の縁部には、前記第1の切欠き部に嵌合する爪部が設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用内装材。 - 前記第1の貫通孔の縁部には複数の第2の切欠き部が設けられ、
前記第1の貫通孔の縁部において前記複数の第2の切欠き部の間が前記爪部となる
ことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の車両用内装材。 - 前記第1の貫通孔の縁部には、前記第1の貫通孔の中心に向けて傾斜した傾斜部が設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の車両用内装材。 - 前記嵌合部は、筒状である
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の車両用内装材 - 前記第1部品は、前記第1突出部の周囲に設けられる、前記第2部品側に延出した壁部を有し、
前記第1突出部と前記壁部の間に前記嵌合部が配置される
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の車両用内装材。 - 前記壁部は、前記中間部品と当接する
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は7に記載の車両用内装材。 - 前記第1突出部の下部と、前記壁部の下部のそれぞれに連結したリブを有する
ことを特徴とする請求項2、7又は8のいずれかに記載の車両用内装材。 - 前記壁部は、環状の立壁である
ことを特徴とする請求項2、7乃至9のいずれかに記載の車両用内装材。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015216972A JP6469561B2 (ja) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | 車両用内装材 |
PCT/JP2016/082599 WO2017078066A1 (ja) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-02 | 車両用内装材 |
CN201680059465.1A CN108136973B (zh) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-02 | 车用内部装饰材料 |
US15/769,773 US11117331B2 (en) | 2015-11-04 | 2016-11-02 | Vehicular interior member |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015216972A JP6469561B2 (ja) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | 車両用内装材 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2017087818A JP2017087818A (ja) | 2017-05-25 |
JP6469561B2 true JP6469561B2 (ja) | 2019-02-13 |
Family
ID=58662059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015216972A Active JP6469561B2 (ja) | 2015-11-04 | 2015-11-04 | 車両用内装材 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11117331B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6469561B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN108136973B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017078066A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11639039B1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2023-05-02 | Maurice Paperi | Matching pieces and kits for repairing broken structures and related methods |
US11148578B2 (en) * | 2018-03-25 | 2021-10-19 | Maurice Paperi | Universal mounting tabs and kits for automotive components |
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