JP6457598B2 - R‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents
R‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
ネオジム、プラセオジム、ジスプロシウム、テルビウム、電解鉄、コバルト、銅、ガリウム、アルミニウム、ジルコニウム、ホウ素を重量比でNd‐23.8%、Pr‐5%、Dy‐0.6%、Tb‐0.4%、Fe‐68.29%、Co‐0.5%、Cu‐0.13%、Ga‐0.1%、Al‐0.1%、Zr‐0.12%、B‐1%
の割合にして、不活性ガス環境下の真空溶解炉に鋳込みを完了して、鋳込温度を1450℃とし、急冷ローラの回転速度を60r/minとすると、得られる鱗片の厚さは約0.3mmとなる。鱗片をHD製粉、ジェットミルにより平均粒度が3.5μmの粉末にする。15KOeの磁場で配向し、プレス成形をして、コンパクトにする。コンパクトにしたものをArガス雰囲気下の焼結炉に入れて、1100℃で5h焼結して圧粉体を得、圧粉体を500℃の温度で5h時効して、焼結する半製品を得る。機械で加工することで、焼結する半製品を寸法が40mm*20mm*4mmの50M磁石に加工して、Moとする。
実施例1中と同一の溶解、製粉、成形、熱処理及びワイヤーカットの方法を使用して50M磁石を製造する。50M焼結磁石(40mm*20mm*4mm)に対して、脱脂、酸洗い、活性化及び脱イオン水洗浄をしてから乾燥処理する。磁石を掛具に掛けて平均粉末粒度がそれぞれ1.2μm、1.6μm、2μm、2.4μmのテルビウム粉末を使用して、エチルアルコールと重量比2:1でそれぞれスラリーJ8、J9、J10及びJ11にする。その後、スラリーJ8、J9、J10及びJllをそれぞれ使用して磁石の表面にスプレーした後で熱風を用いて磁石を乾燥させ、磁石の表面に厚さが25μmのテルビウム粉末のコーティング層を形成し、これらの3種類の磁石をそれぞれM8、M9、M10及びM11とする。これらの磁石を真空焼結炉内に置いて、970℃の温度の真空条件下(単位面積当たりの圧力は10−3〜10−4Paの範囲)で24h処理し、その後、500℃で5h時効処理をして、Arガスを通して室温まで冷却する。測定・分析をしたところ、その性能は、表2に示す通りとなる。
Claims (6)
- R‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法であって、
1)当業者に公知の方法を用いてR1‐Fe‐B‐M焼結磁石を製造し、ただし、R1が、Nd、Pr、Dy、Tb、Ho、Gdのうち1種類又は数種類から選ばれ、その総量が26wt%〜33wt%であり、Mが、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Co、Ni、Ga、Ca、Cu、Zn、Si、Al、Mg、Zr、Nb、Hf、Ta、W、Moのうち1種類又は数種類から選ばれ、その総量が0〜5wt%であり、Bの総量が0.5wt%〜2wt%であり、それ以外が、Feであることと、
2)ステップ1)で得られた焼結磁石に対して、脱脂、酸洗い、活性化及び脱イオン水で洗浄処理を行うことと、
3)超微細テルビウム粉末、有機溶剤及び酸化防止剤を均一なスラリーに調製して、ステップ2)で処理された焼結磁石の表面を覆うことと、
4)ステップ3)における磁石に対して焼結、時効処理をし、処理された磁石が次の条件、すなわち、
Hcj(4)−Hcj(1)>10kOe;Br(1)−Br(4)<0.2kGs
を満たすようにし、ただし、Hcj(4)が、ステップ4)を経た後の焼結磁石の保磁力を示し、Hcj(1)が、ステップ1)のみを経た焼結磁石の保磁力を示し、kOeが、保磁力の単位であり、Br(4)が、ステップ4)を経た後の焼結磁石の残留磁気を示し、Br(1)が、ステップ1)のみを経た焼結磁石の残留磁気を示し、kGsが、残留磁気の単位であることと、
を含むことを特徴とするR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。 - ステップ3)における超微細テルビウム粉末が、純粋なテルビウムインゴットを寸法最小方向が1mm〜10mmのインゴットに加工するか、又は純粋なテルビウムインゴットを寸法最小方向が2mm未満〜10mmの粒に破砕して、その後、ジェットミル処理をして平均粉末粒度が0.5〜3μmのテルビウム粉末にするステップと、テルビウム粉末の製造中に、テルビウム粉末の酸素含有量及び炭素含有量を厳格に制御して、製造するテルビウム粉末が酸素含有量<1500ppm、炭素含有量<900ppmとなるようにするステップとにより製造されることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- ステップ3)において、スラリー中のテルビウム粉末の質量パーセントを50〜80%とし、酸化防止剤の質量パーセントを1〜10%とし、酸化防止剤に、1,3,5‐トリクロロトルエン、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン、4‐ヘキシルレゾルシノールのうち1種類又は数種類を選んで用いることができることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- ステップ3)において、前記焼結磁石が、磁石の少なくとも一方向の厚さ<15mmで、前記焼結磁石の表面を覆う超微細テルビウム粉末層の厚さが10〜100μmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- ステップ4)において、真空焼結炉内の温度が850〜970℃、熱処理時間が5〜72h、真空焼結炉内の真空度が10−3〜10−4Paであり、前記時効処理の温度が470〜550℃、処理時間が2〜5hであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
- 平均粉末粒度が1〜2.5μmのテルビウム粉末にして、製造するテルビウム粉末が酸素含有量<1000ppm、炭素含有量<700ppmとなるようにすることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載のR‐Fe‐B系焼結磁石の製造方法。
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