JP6342153B2 - コンパニオンアニマルの歩行能力を改善する方法 - Google Patents
コンパニオンアニマルの歩行能力を改善する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6342153B2 JP6342153B2 JP2013260939A JP2013260939A JP6342153B2 JP 6342153 B2 JP6342153 B2 JP 6342153B2 JP 2013260939 A JP2013260939 A JP 2013260939A JP 2013260939 A JP2013260939 A JP 2013260939A JP 6342153 B2 JP6342153 B2 JP 6342153B2
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Description
また本発明は、ゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを有効成分とする、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋量改善剤を提供する。
また本発明は、ゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを有効成分とする、コンパニオンアニマルの歩行改善剤を提供する。
また本発明は、コンパニオンアニマルに、ゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを投与するか又は摂取させることを含む、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋力改善方法を提供する。
また本発明は、コンパニオンアニマルに、ゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを投与するか又は摂取させることを含む、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋量改善方法を提供する。
また本発明は、コンパニオンアニマルに、ゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とを投与するか又は摂取させることを含む、コンパニオンアニマルの歩行改善方法を提供する。
別の態様において、本発明は、肢の筋力改善剤、肢の筋量改善剤、又は歩行若しくは跛行改善剤の製造のためのゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種との使用を提供する。
上記剤は、好ましくは経口剤である。一実施形態において、上記剤は、ゴマリグナンとDHA及びEPAからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種とから本質的に構成される。
上記使用は、治療的使用であってもよく、あるいは動物の健康の維持や向上、運動能力の維持や向上、又はQOLの維持や向上を目的とした非治療的使用であってもよい。
上記方法は治療的方法であってもよく、あるいは動物の健康の維持や向上、運動能力の維持や向上、又はQOLの維持や向上を目的とした非治療的方法であってもよい。
またあるいは、ゴマリグナンの代わりに脱脂ゴマを用いた場合、当該脱脂ゴマのペットフード中の含有量は、乾物あたり含有量として、0.2質量%以上、好ましくは1.1質量%以上、より好ましくは2.2質量%以上であり得、そして、22.2質量%以下、好ましくは17.8質量%以下、より好ましくは13.3質量%以下であり得る。
またあるいは、ゴマリグナンとしてセサミノールトリグルコシドを用いた場合、そのペットフード中の含有量は、セサミノール換算で、0.001質量%以上、好ましくは0.005質量%以上、より好ましくは0.01質量%以上、さらに好ましくは0.02質量%以上、さらにより好ましくは0.05質量%以上であり得、そして、0.20質量%以下、好ましくは0.12質量%以下、より好ましくは0.10質量%以下であり得る。
好ましくは0.1mg/kg体重/day以上、より好ましくは1.0mg/kg体重/day以上、さらに好ましくは2.0mg/kg体重/day以上であり、そして好ましくは100mg/kg体重/day以下、より好ましくは30mg/kg体重/day以下、さらに好ましくは10mg/kg体重/day以下であるか、
あるいは、好ましくは、0.1〜100mg/kg体重/day、0.1〜30mg/kg体重/day、0.1〜10mg/kg体重/day、1.0〜100mg/kg体重/day、1.0〜30mg/kg体重/day、1.0〜10mg/kg体重/day、2.0〜100mg/kg体重/day、2.0〜30mg/kg体重/day、又は2.0〜10mg/kg体重/dayである。
組成物中の栄養組成は、以下の方法で測定した。
粗タンパク質は窒素量を飼料分析基準第3章2.1に記載のケルダール法で定量し、それに換算係数6.25を乗じて求めた。粗脂肪は飼料分析基準第3章3.2に記載の酸分解ジエチルエーテル抽出法で測定した。粗灰分は飼料分析基準3.5に記載の分析法で測定した。粗繊維は飼料分析基準第3章4.2に記載のろ過法で測定した。水分は飼料分析基準第3章1に記載の加熱減量法で測定した。可溶無窒素物は100%から粗蛋白質、粗脂肪、粗繊維、粗灰分、水分の含有量を引くことにより求めた。
修正Atwater係数を用いて、以下の式でペットフードの代謝エネルギー密度を計算した。
代謝エネルギー密度(kcal/100g)
=3.5×粗タンパク質含有率(%)+8.5×粗脂肪含有率(%)+3.5×可溶無窒素物含有率(%)
ゴマリグナン含量は、次のように定量した。すなわち、サンプルを粉砕し、12倍量の80%エタノール水溶液で12時間攪拌し遠心分離によって上清を分離した。この作業を3回繰り返して得られた全上清を、50倍容量にメスアップした後、HPLC分析を行った。カラムはODSカラムを用い、20%メタノールから80%メタノールのグラジェエントをつけて溶出を行った。検出は、蛍光検出器を用い励起波長280nm、蛍光波長350nmで行った。標準品として、セサミン及びセサモリンは市販品(長良サイエンスより購入)を用い、セサミノールトリグルコシドは定法に従ってゴマより抽出精製したものを用いた。標準品から作成した検量線を基準に、サンプル中のセサミン、セサモリン、及びセサミノール配糖体としてセサミノールトリグルコシドの量を求め、それらの合計をゴマリグナン含量とした。
サンプルに内標準(ヘプタデカン酸)、エタノール、塩酸(5mol/L)を加えて酸分解を行った後、エタノール、ジエチルエーテル/石油エーテル混液(体積比1:1)を加えて脂質の抽出を行った。有機溶媒層を水洗の後、溶媒を留去し、0.5mol/L水酸化ナトリウムのメタノール溶液を用いてけん化を行い、次いで三ふっ化ホウ素メタノール錯体メタノール溶液を用いてメチルエステル化を行った。その後、ヘキサンと飽和食塩水を加え、得られたヘキサン層をガスクロマトグラフ法(水素炎イオン検出器)で分析し、多価不飽和脂肪酸を定量した。分析定量は(財)日本食品分析センターに依頼した。
100g単位で測定可能な体重計(デジタルヘルスメーターTHD−652、株式会社タニタ製)を用いて、空腹時の動物の体重を測定した。
ヘルスラボ犬用体脂肪計(IBF−D02、大和製衡株式会社製)を用いて空腹時の動物の体脂肪率を測定した。
下記の式に従って、体脂肪量を計算した。
体脂肪量=体重×体脂肪率
動物の肢の周囲長は肢の筋量や筋力の指標として知られている(例えば、「犬と猫のリハビリテーション実践テクニック」、(訳)枝村一弥、佐野忠士、株式会社インターズー、2010年、第4章;及びCompanion Animal Practice Vol.26 No.9,2011,p70−75を参照)。立位の状態の動物で、後肢の大腿の付け根を基点としてビニル製メジャーを用いて後肢に沿わせながら水平方向に周回させ、後肢周囲長を測定した。メジャーを後肢に沿わせる際は、メジャーを締めず、且つ被毛を指で押さえながらメジャーを沿わせることで、被毛の影響が出ないように留意した。本実施例においては、左右の後肢周囲長を測定し、その平均値を求めた。
表1に示す組成のペットフードを製造した。ゴマリグナンとして、焙煎ゴマの圧搾抽出物残渣として得られた脱脂ゴマ(竹本油脂株式会社又はかどや製油株式会社より購入)を添加した。DHA又はEPAとしては大豆油、魚油及び亜麻仁油を適宜混合して添加した。
(試験群)
5頭のシニア犬(11〜13歳)に実施例1のペットフードを給与した。各個体へのペットフード給与量は、適切な体型を保つように随時調整を行った。これらの個体は、本試験開始前に長期にわたって実施例1と同量以上のDHA又はEPAを含有するペットフード(比較例1、成分を表1にあわせて示す)を給与されていたが、本試験開始時までに、長期にわたってこれらの個体に体重減少傾向は見られなかった(表2)。
実施例1のペットフードの給与前(0週)、給与8週後及び12週後に、各個体の体重、体脂肪率、体脂肪量、及び後肢周囲長を測定した。測定結果を図1に示す。実施例のペットフードを給与された動物は、供与前と比べて体重が減少し、また体脂肪率も減少する傾向にあった。一方、体重や体脂肪量の減少傾向にもかかわらず、後肢周囲長が増加傾向であり、肢の筋肉が増強されたことが示唆された。
実施例1のペットフード給与中における各個体の行動を観察し、給与前と比較した。観察の結果、実施例1のペットフードを与えられた個体は、行動が活発化する傾向がみられた。表3は、一部の個体についての実施例のペットフード給与中の行動変化に関する報告である。実施例1のペットフードは、特に加齢や障害などにより歩行や運動能力が低下していた個体に対して有効であった。
本発明は、跛行をきたした個体に対して顕著な改善効果をもたらした。
個体No.5は、3年ほど前から歩様異常が見られていた。この個体は、本試験開始前は左後肢で全く負重できず、重度の跛行が見られた。長期に渡って関節用のサプリメント(グリコフレックス)を与えていたが、症状の改善は見られなかった。実施例1の給与後4週目、この個体は、右後肢を挙上させれば左後肢で負重できるようになり、跛行、及び後躯のふらつきが改善しているように見えた。さらに給与後12週目には、この個体は、跛行が判別できない程度にまで回復し、また足取りが明確に軽くなっている様子が観察され、左後肢の障害が顕著に改善されたことが分かった。
個体No.5について実施例1のペットフードを1年間継続給与し、その間に計6回(給与4週後、8週後、12週後、6カ月後、9カ月後、12カ月後)、後肢周囲長の測定を行った。その後、比較例2のペットフードを給与し、5週間後に後肢周囲長を測定した。その結果、実施例1給与中の後肢周囲長の測定値の平均値(左右平均)が36.1±2.3cmであったのに対して、比較例2給与5週後の後肢周囲長(左右平均)は31.6cmと減少していた。
個体No.5における実施例1給与中の平均後肢周囲長、比較例1給与後(本試験開始前)の後肢周囲長、及び比較例2給与5週後の後肢周囲長を図2に示す。
Claims (15)
- ゴマリグナン、DHA及びEPAを有効成分とし、該ゴマリグナンの乾物あたり含有量が0.01〜0.1質量%であり、該DHA及びEPAの乾物あたりの合計含有量が0.03〜2.0質量%である、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋力改善剤。
- ゴマリグナン、DHA及びEPAを有効成分とし、該ゴマリグナンの乾物あたり含有量が0.01〜0.1質量%であり、該DHA及びEPAの乾物あたりの合計含有量が0.03〜2.0質量%である、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋量改善剤。
- ゴマリグナン、DHA及びEPAを有効成分とし、該ゴマリグナンの乾物あたり含有量が0.01〜0.1質量%であり、該DHA及びEPAの乾物あたりの合計含有量が0.03〜2.0質量%である、コンパニオンアニマルの歩行改善剤。
- 前記ゴマリグナンの用量が0.1〜30mg/kg体重/day、かつ前記DHA及びEPAの合計用量が0.001〜0.1g/kg体重/dayとなる量で使用される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- 前記ゴマリグナンと前記DHA及びEPAの合計との用量比が1:0.2〜1:50である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- 前記コンパニオンアニマルがイヌ又はネコである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- 前記コンパニオンアニマルが老犬又は老描である、請求項6記載の剤。
- ペットフードである、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の剤。
- コンパニオンアニマルに、ゴマリグナン、DHA及びEPAを投与するか又は摂取させることを含み、該ゴマリグナンの用量が0.1〜30mg/kg体重/dayであり、該DHA及びEPAの合計用量が0.001〜0.1g/kg体重/dayである、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋力改善方法。
- コンパニオンアニマルに、ゴマリグナン、DHA及びEPAを投与するか又は摂取させることを含み、該ゴマリグナンの用量が0.1〜30mg/kg体重/dayであり、該DHA及びEPAの合計用量が0.001〜0.1g/kg体重/dayである、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の筋量改善方法。
- コンパニオンアニマルに、ゴマリグナン、DHA及びEPAを投与するか又は摂取させることを含み、該ゴマリグナンの用量が0.1〜30mg/kg体重/dayであり、該DHA及びEPAの合計用量が0.001〜0.1g/kg体重/dayである、コンパニオンアニマルの肢の歩行改善方法。
- 前記ゴマリグナンと前記DHA及びEPAの合計との用量比が1:0.2〜1:50である、請求項9〜11のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記コンパニオンアニマルがイヌ又はネコである、請求項9〜12のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記コンパニオンアニマルが老犬又は老描である、請求項13記載の方法。
- 前記ゴマリグナンを乾物あたり含有量として0.01〜0.1質量%、前記DHA及びEPAを乾物あたりの合計含有量として0.03〜2.0質量%含有するペットフードを投与するか又は摂取させる、請求項9〜14のいずれか1項記載の方法。
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