JP6321663B2 - 酸素富化ガス送達のための方法およびシステム - Google Patents
酸素富化ガス送達のための方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6321663B2 JP6321663B2 JP2015536979A JP2015536979A JP6321663B2 JP 6321663 B2 JP6321663 B2 JP 6321663B2 JP 2015536979 A JP2015536979 A JP 2015536979A JP 2015536979 A JP2015536979 A JP 2015536979A JP 6321663 B2 JP6321663 B2 JP 6321663B2
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- oxygen
- canister
- breaths
- oxygen concentrator
- breath
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- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
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Description
酸素濃縮器システム100は、少なくとも2つのキャニスタを含み得、各キャニスタは、ガス分離吸着剤を含む。酸素濃縮器システム100のキャニスタは、成形されたハウジングに配置され得る。ある実施形態では、図4に示されるように、キャニスタシステム300は、2つのハウジング部品310および510を含む。ハウジング部品310および510は、別個に形成された後、共に連結され得る。一部の実施形態では、ハウジング部品310および510は、射出成形または圧縮成形され得る。ハウジング部品310および510は、ポリカーボネート、メチレンカーバイド、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリルブタジエンスチレン(ABS)、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、またはポリ塩化ビニルなどの熱可塑性ポリマーから作られ得る。別の実施形態では、ハウジング部品310および510は、熱硬化性プラスチックまたは金属(ステンレススチールまたは軽量アルミニウム合金など)から作られ得る。軽量素材は、酸素濃縮器100の重量を減らすために使用され得る。一部の実施形態では、2つのハウジング310および510は、ねじまたはボルトを使用して、一緒に固定され得る。あるいは、ハウジング部品310および510は、一緒に溶剤接着され得る。
酸素濃縮器システム100の操作は、本明細書に記載されるように、酸素濃縮器システムの様々な部品に連結された内部コントローラ400を用いて自動的に行われ得る。図1に示されるように、コントローラ400は、1つまたは2つ以上のプロセッサ410と内部メモリ420とを含む。酸素濃縮器システム100を操作および監視するために使用される方法は、メモリ420またはコントローラ400に連結された記憶媒体に記憶したプログラム命令によって実装されて、1つまたは2つ以上のプロセッサ410によって実行され得る。非一時的メモリ媒体は、様々なタイプのメモリ装置または記憶装置のどれでも含み得る。「メモリ媒体」の語は、インストール用媒体、例えば、読み取り専用コンパクトディスクメモリ(CD−ROM)、フロッピー(登録商標)ディスク、またはテープ装置、ダイナミックランダムアクセスメモリ(DRAM)、ダブルデータレートランダムアクセスメモリ(DDR RAM)、スタティックランダムアクセスメモリ(SRAM)、エクステンデッドデータアウトランダムアクセスメモリ(EDO RAM)、ラムバスランダムアクセスメモリ(RAM)などのコンピュータシステムメモリまたはランダムアクセスメモリ、あるいは磁気媒体、例えばハードドライブ、または光記憶装置などの不揮発性メモリを含むとして意図されている。メモリ媒体は、同様にその他のタイプのメモリ、またはそれらの組み合わせを備え得る。加えて、メモリ媒体は、プログラムが実行される第1のコンピュータ内に搭載され得る、あるいは第1のコンピュータにインターネットなどのネットワークを介して繋がる第2の異なるコンピュータ内に搭載され得る。後者の場合、第2のコンピュータは、プログラム命令を実行用として第1のコンピュータに提供し得る。「メモリ媒体」の語は、異なる場所に、例えば、ネットワークで接続された異なるコンピュータに存在し得る2つまたは3つ以上のメモリ媒体を含む。
酸素濃縮器システムの主な用途は、酸素補給をユーザに供給することである。一般に、供給される酸素補給量は、医師によって評価される。酸素補給の典型的な処方量は、約1LPMから約10LPMまでの範囲であり得る。最も一般的な処方量は、1LPM、2LPM、3LPM、および4LPMである。一般に、酸素富化ガスは、ユーザの処方要件を満たすように、呼吸サイクル中にユーザに供給される。本明細書で使用される場合、「呼吸サイクル」の語は、後に呼気が続く、人間の吸気を指す。
1(5.8秒)2(5.0秒)3(4.2秒)4 BPM=12
(4.0秒)5(3.5秒)6(3.5秒)7(3.0秒)8 BPM=17
(3.0秒)9(3.4秒)10(3.6秒)11(3.5秒)12 BPM=18
(2.6秒)13(2.6秒)14(2.4秒)15(2.0秒)16 BPM=25
(2.7秒)17
最後の間隔(呼吸16と呼吸17との間の時間)は、呼吸数の判定に使用されない。上の例では、第1のグループ(呼吸1〜4)は、12BPMの呼吸数を呈している。第2のグループは、17BPMの呼吸数を示しており、これは、対象者の呼吸数が増加していることを表している。吸気呼吸圧力閾値を変える代わりに、コントローラは、「看視(watch)」モードの状態になる。「看視」モードでは、吸気呼吸圧力閾値を変える必要があり得ると、コントローラに警告を出す。その結果、コントローラは、第3番目のグループを調べる。第3のグループは、18BPMの呼吸数を呈している。呼吸数が先行する呼吸数の±2以内であれば、変化したとはみなされない。第2のグループから第3のグループへは呼吸数が(上に規定されるとおり)変化していないため、コントローラは看視モードに留まる。次いで、コントローラは、第3のグループと第4のグループとの間の変化を調べる。第4のグループは、25BPMの呼吸数を呈している。コントローラは、ここで、測定された4つのグループの中で2回目の増加を確認したことになるため、コントローラは、吸気呼吸圧力閾値を上げる。コントローラは、さらなるグループ(この例では、取得された最後の呼吸を除いて、4回の連続する呼吸のグループ)を取得し続けて、吸気呼吸圧力閾値を調整すべきかどうかを評価し続ける。
ある実施形態では、ボーラス投与量プロファイルが特定のユーザのプロファイルと調和するように設計され得る。そうするために、吸気プロファイルが、圧力センサ194および流量センサ185から集めた情報に基づいて生成され得る。吸気プロファイルは、以下のパラメータ、すなわち、ユーザの呼吸数、ユーザの吸気量、ユーザの呼気量、ユーザの吸気流量、およびユーザの呼気流量のうちの1つまたは2つ以上に基づいて評価され得る。ユーザの呼吸数は、先述のように、圧力センサ194または流量センサ185を用いて吸気の開始を検出することによって評価され得る。吸気量は、吸気中の圧力変化を測定して、圧力変化に基づいて吸気量を算出また経験的に評価することによって評価され得る。あるいは、吸気量は、吸気中の流量を測定して、吸気の流量および長さに基づいて吸気量を算出または経験的に評価することによって評価され得る。呼気量は、呼気中の正方向の圧力変化、または流量および呼気時間のいずれかを用いて同様に評価され得る。ユーザの吸気流量は、吸気の開始直後から測定される。吸気の終了の検出は、圧力センサまたは流量センサに基づき得る。吸気の開始が圧力センサによって検出される場合、開始は、圧力降下によって特徴付けられる。圧力が上昇し始めると、吸気が完了したとみなされる。吸気の開始が流量センサによって検出される場合、開始は、流量の増加によって特徴付けられる。流量が減少し始めると、吸気が完了したとみなされる。
Claims (12)
- 酸素濃縮器であって、
前記酸素濃縮器のユーザの呼吸圧力を検出するように構成される圧力センサであって、前記圧力センサが、前記ユーザに酸素富化ガスを提供するための導管の流出口に連結される、圧力センサと、
前記圧力センサに動作可能に連結されるプロセッサであって、前記プロセッサが、
複数の連続する呼吸について間隔を測定して、圧力の降下が測定される時に、呼吸が開始すると判定し、
平均呼吸数または平均呼吸間隔を判定するのに最後から2番目の呼吸と最後の呼吸との間隔を使用せずに、前記連続する呼吸における各呼吸間隔に基づいて前記平均呼吸数または前記平均呼吸間隔を判定し、
判定された平均呼吸数または平均呼吸間隔に基づいて、前記圧力センサのために吸気呼吸圧力閾値を設定する、
ように構成される、プロセッサと、
を含む、酸素濃縮器。 - 前記プロセッサが、判定された平均呼吸数が毎分10呼吸超から毎分10呼吸未満に変化する時に、前記吸気呼吸圧力閾値を下げるようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、判定された平均呼吸数が毎分15呼吸未満から毎分15呼吸超に変化する時に、前記吸気呼吸圧力閾値を上げるようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記平均呼吸数が毎分10呼吸および毎分15呼吸の間である時に、前記吸気呼吸圧力閾値を現在の設定値に維持するようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記平均呼吸数が少なくとも毎分15呼吸を含む時に、前記酸素濃縮器を活動モードに切り替えるようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、前記平均呼吸数が毎分10呼吸未満を含む時に、前記酸素濃縮器を安静モードに切り替えるようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、
少なくとも3回の連続する呼吸をそれぞれ含む呼吸のグループを作成し、
前記グループ内の連続する呼吸における各呼吸間隔に基づいて、各グループについて平均呼吸数を判定し、
前記グループのうちの2つまたは3つ以上の判定された平均呼吸数に基づいて、前記圧力センサのために吸気呼吸圧力閾値を設定する、
ようにさらに構成される、請求項1に記載の酸素濃縮器。 - 前記プロセッサが、2つまたは3つ以上のグループに関する判定された平均呼吸数が毎分10呼吸超から毎分10呼吸未満に変化する時に、前記吸気呼吸圧力閾値を下げるようにさらに構成される、請求項7に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、2つまたは3つ以上のグループに関する判定された平均呼吸数が毎分15呼吸未満から毎分15呼吸超に変化する時に、前記吸気呼吸圧力閾値を上げるようにさらに構成される、請求項7に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、2つまたは3つ以上の連続するグループに関し、前記平均呼吸数が毎分10呼吸および毎分15呼吸の間にある時に、前記吸気呼吸圧力閾値を現在の設定値に維持するようにさらに構成される、請求項7に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、2つまたは3つ以上のグループに関する平均呼吸数が少なくとも毎分15呼吸である時に、前記酸素濃縮器を活動モードに切り替えるようにさらに構成される、請求項7に記載の酸素濃縮器。
- 前記プロセッサが、2つまたは3つ以上のグループに関する平均呼吸数が毎分10呼吸未満である時に、前記酸素濃縮器を安静モードに切り替えるようにさらに構成される、請求項7に記載の酸素濃縮器。
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| EP2906278A4 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
| BR112015008203A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
| EP2906278A1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| US11684744B2 (en) | 2023-06-27 |
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| AU2013328912B2 (en) | 2017-10-12 |
| AU2013328912A1 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
| US20140137859A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
| US20240024610A1 (en) | 2024-01-25 |
| JP6681425B2 (ja) | 2020-04-15 |
| NZ707064A (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| US20160375215A1 (en) | 2016-12-29 |
| JP2015531308A (ja) | 2015-11-02 |
| WO2014059405A1 (en) | 2014-04-17 |
| JP2020037020A (ja) | 2020-03-12 |
| JP2023138851A (ja) | 2023-10-02 |
| US9440036B2 (en) | 2016-09-13 |
| JP2018118119A (ja) | 2018-08-02 |
| IL238204A0 (en) | 2015-05-31 |
| EP2906278B1 (en) | 2019-01-30 |
| US11364359B2 (en) | 2022-06-21 |
| US20210023323A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
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