JP6313329B2 - ガス封入マイクロベシクル - Google Patents
ガス封入マイクロベシクル Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6313329B2 JP6313329B2 JP2015548564A JP2015548564A JP6313329B2 JP 6313329 B2 JP6313329 B2 JP 6313329B2 JP 2015548564 A JP2015548564 A JP 2015548564A JP 2015548564 A JP2015548564 A JP 2015548564A JP 6313329 B2 JP6313329 B2 JP 6313329B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- suspension
- fatty acids
- saturated
- unsaturated fatty
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 66
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 66
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 61
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 54
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OC[C@H](N)C(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC TZCPCKNHXULUIY-RGULYWFUSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(O)(O)=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC PORPENFLTBBHSG-MGBGTMOVSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ATBOMIWRCZXYSZ-XZBBILGWSA-N [1-[2,3-dihydroxypropoxy(hydroxy)phosphoryl]oxy-3-hexadecanoyloxypropan-2-yl] (9e,12e)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCC ATBOMIWRCZXYSZ-XZBBILGWSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylethanolamin Natural products NCCOP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000008104 phosphatidylethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylserin Natural products OC(=O)C(N)COP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO ZWZWYGMENQVNFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BITHHVVYSMSWAG-KTKRTIGZSA-N (11Z)-icos-11-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BITHHVVYSMSWAG-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008365 aqueous carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-palmitoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940108623 eicosenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- BITHHVVYSMSWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BITHHVVYSMSWAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003905 phosphatidylinositols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NNNVXFKZMRGJPM-KHPPLWFESA-N sapienic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O NNNVXFKZMRGJPM-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XSXIVVZCUAHUJO-AVQMFFATSA-N (11e,14e)-icosa-11,14-dienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XSXIVVZCUAHUJO-AVQMFFATSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WBBQTNCISCKUMU-PDBXOOCHSA-N (13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosatrienoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WBBQTNCISCKUMU-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LGHXTTIAZFVCCU-SSVNFBSYSA-N (2E,4E,6E,8E)-octadeca-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O LGHXTTIAZFVCCU-SSVNFBSYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OOJGMLFHAQOYIL-SQIWNDBBSA-N (2e,4e)-hexadeca-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O OOJGMLFHAQOYIL-SQIWNDBBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ADHNUPOJJCKWRT-JLXBFWJWSA-N (2e,4e)-octadeca-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O ADHNUPOJJCKWRT-JLXBFWJWSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZUUFLXSNVWQOJW-MBIXAETLSA-N (2e,4e,6e)-octadeca-2,4,6-trienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O ZUUFLXSNVWQOJW-MBIXAETLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FPRKGXIOSIUDSE-SYACGTDESA-N (2z,4z,6z,8z)-docosa-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C/C=C\C=C/C=C\C(O)=O FPRKGXIOSIUDSE-SYACGTDESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCC(O)=O YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HVGRZDASOHMCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (Z,Z)-13,16-docosadienoic acid Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HVGRZDASOHMCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ULNRTPCFRBIMKL-GHVJWSGMSA-N (e)-2-tetracosenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)=O ULNRTPCFRBIMKL-GHVJWSGMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WXBXVVIUZANZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2E-decenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O WXBXVVIUZANZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9E-tetradecenoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021294 Docosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021292 Docosatetraenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GZZPOFFXKUVNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCC=C GZZPOFFXKUVNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021297 Eicosadienoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lignoceric acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CQXMAMUUWHYSIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-tetracosenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GWHCXVQVJPWHRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HABLENUWIZGESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O HABLENUWIZGESP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATNNLHXCRAAGJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N docos-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC(O)=O ATNNLHXCRAAGJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CVCXSNONTRFSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosa-2,4-dienoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=CC=CC(O)=O CVCXSNONTRFSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045857 docosaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- AGDANEVFLMAYGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O AGDANEVFLMAYGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WLGSIWNFEGRXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WLGSIWNFEGRXDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- IQLUYYHUNSSHIY-HZUMYPAESA-N eicosatetraenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O IQLUYYHUNSSHIY-HZUMYPAESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NHXTZGXYQYMODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O NHXTZGXYQYMODD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- QZZGJDVWLFXDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QZZGJDVWLFXDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- IBYFOBGPNPINBU-OUKQBFOZSA-N trans-2-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)=O IBYFOBGPNPINBU-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LKOVPWSSZFDYPG-WUKNDPDISA-N trans-octadec-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C(O)=O LKOVPWSSZFDYPG-WUKNDPDISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002405 diagnostic procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- FMGZEUWROYGLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Halosulfuron-methyl Chemical compound ClC1=NN(C)C(S(=O)(=O)NC(=O)NC=2N=C(OC)C=C(OC)N=2)=C1C(=O)OC FMGZEUWROYGLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 28
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- A61K49/223—Microbubbles, hollow microspheres, free gas bubbles, gas microspheres
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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Description
用語「脂肪酸」は、その意味の中に、相対的に長い脂肪族鎖、例えば10〜28個の炭素原子(C10〜C28)を含むカルボン酸を含む。脂肪族鎖は、好ましくは直鎖(直線)である。本発明に係る組成物において有用な脂肪酸は、好ましくはC10〜C24脂肪族鎖を含み、より好ましくはC14〜C22を含み、さらにより好ましくはカルボン酸基が末端のC16〜C20脂肪族鎖を含む。
本明細書において用いられる用語「リン脂質」は、最終的なマイクロバブル懸濁液での気体と水との境界界面に安定化膜層(典型的に単分子層の形態)を形成することが可能な、少なくとも1つのホスフェート基および少なくとも1個、好ましくは2個の、(C12〜C22)炭化水素鎖を含む両親媒性化合物を包含することが意図される。したがって、これらの物質は、当技術分野において「膜形成リン脂質」とも呼ぶ。
ガス封入マイクロベシクルの安定化膜を形成する組成物は、安定化層の形成にも寄与し得るさらなる両親媒性構成要素を含んでよく、例えば;ポリマーを有する脂質、例えばキチン、ヒアルロン酸、ポリビニルピロリドンまたはポリエチレングリコール(PEG)、「ペグ化脂質」とも呼ばれる;スルホン化単糖類、二糖類、オリゴ糖類、または多糖類を有する脂質;コレステロール、コレステロール硫酸またはコレステロールヘミコハク酸;トコフェロールヘミコハク酸;エーテルまたはエステル結合脂肪酸を有する脂質;重合脂質;リン酸ジアセチル;リン酸ジセチル;セラミド類;ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル(例えばポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸ステアレート)、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪族アルコール、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪族アルコールエーテル、ポリオキシエチル化ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、グリセロールポリエチレングリコールリシノール酸、エトキシ化大豆ステロール類、エトキシ化ヒマシ油またはエチレンオキシド(EO)およびプロピレンオキシド(PO)のブロックコポリマー;ステロール脂肪酸エステル(コレステロール酪酸、コレステロールイソ酪酸、コレステロールパルミチン酸、コレステロールステアリン酸、ラノステロール酢酸、エルゴステロールパルミチン酸、または植物ステロールn−酪酸を含む);糖酸のステロールエステル(コレステロールグルクロニド、ラノステロールグルクロニド、7−デヒドロコレステロールグルクロニド、エルゴステロールグルクロニド、コレステロールグルコン酸、ラノステロールグルコン酸、またはエルゴステロールグルコン酸を含む);糖酸とアルコールとのエステル(ラウリルグルクロニド、ステアロイルグルクロニド、ミリストイルグルクロニド、ラウリルグルコン酸、ミリストイルグルコン酸、またはステアロイルグルコン酸を含む);糖と脂肪酸とのエステル(スクロースラウリン酸、フルクトースラウリン酸、スクロースパルミチン酸、スクロースステアリン酸、グルクロン酸、グルコン酸またはポリウロン酸を含む);サポニン(サルササポゲニン、スミラゲニン、ヘデラゲニン、またはジギトキシゲニンを含む);グリセロールまたはグリセロールエステル(グリセロールトリパルミチン酸、グリセロールジステアリン酸、グリセロールトリステアリン酸、グリセロールジミリスチン酸、グリセロールトリミリスチン酸、グリセロールジラウリン酸、グリセロールトリラウリン酸、グリセロールジパルミチン酸を含む);長鎖アルコール(n−デシルアルコール、ラウリルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、セチルアルコール、またはn−オクタデシルアルコール;6−(5−コレステン−3β−イルオキシ)−1−チオ−β−D−ガラクトピラノシド;ジガラクトシルジグリセリド;6−(5−コレステン−3β−イルオキシ)ヘキシル−6−アミノ−6−デオキシ−1−チオ−β−D−ガラクトピラノシド;6−(5−コレステン−3β−イルオキシ)ヘキシル−6−アミノ−6−デオキシル−1−チオ−β−D−マンノピラノシド;;;1,2−ジオレイル−sn−グリセロール;1,2−ジパルミトイル−sn−3−スクシニルグリセロール;1,3−ジパルミトイル−2−スクシニルグリセロール;パルミトイルホモシステイン;アルキルアミンまたはアルキルアンモニウム塩(少なくとも1個の(C10〜C20)、好ましくは(C14〜C18)のアルキル鎖、例えば、N−ステアリルアミン、N,N’−ジステアリルアミン、N−ヘキサデシルアミン、N,N’−ジヘキサデシルアミン、塩化N−ステアリルアンモニウム、塩化N,N’−ジステアリルアンモニウム、塩化N−ヘキサデシルアンモニウム、塩化N,N’−ジヘキサデシルアンモニウム、臭化ジメチルジオクタデシルアンモニウム(DDAB)、臭化ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウム(CTAB)を含む);第3級または第4級アンモニウム塩((C3−C6)アルキレン架橋を介してN−原子に結合した、1個または好ましくは2個の(C10〜C20)、好ましくは(C14〜C18)のアシル鎖、例えば、1,2−ジステアロイル−3−トリメチルアンモニウム−プロパン(DSTAP)、1,2−ジパルミトイル−3−トリメチルアンモニウム−プロパン(DPTAP)、1,2−オレオイル−3−トリメチルアンモニウム−プロパン(DOTAP)、1,2−ジステアロイル−3−ジメチルアンモニウム−プロパン(DSDAP)などを含む);およびそれらの混合物または組み合わせを含んでよい。
ガス封入マイクロバブルの調製は凍結乾燥または噴霧乾燥の工程を含み得るので、凍結乾燥添加剤、例えば、凍結保護および/または溶解保護の効果を有する試薬および/または充填剤、例えばグリシンなどのアミノ酸;炭水化物、例えばスクロース、マンニトール、マルトース、トレハロース、グルコース、ラクトースまたはシクロデキストリンなどの糖、または、デキストラン、キトサンおよびその誘導体(例えば:カルボキシメチルキトサン、トリメチルキトサン)などの多糖類;またはポリエチレングリコールのようなポリオキシアルキレングリコールを製剤中に含むことは有利であり得る。例えば、凍結乾燥製剤の処方の場合、添加剤(例えばポリエチレングリコール)の量は、凍結乾燥製剤の合計量の約90%〜約99.99%(重量)に変化し得る。
本発明に係る組成物およびマイクロベシクルは、場合により標的リガンドを含んでよい。
本明細書に係るマイクロベシクルは、当技術分野における任意の公知の方法に従って本発明の組成物から製造してよい。典型的に、製造方法は、好ましくは前記組成物を含む水性または有機の懸濁液の凍結乾燥(凍結乾燥させる)による、乾燥粉末化された物質(本発明の組成物を含む)の調製を含む。マイクロベシクルはそれから、気体存在下で穏やかに撹拌しながら、水性担体中で、凍結乾燥された調製物の再構成により得てよい。
任意の生体適合性ガス、ガス前駆体またはそれらの混合物を用いて、本発明のマイクロベシクルを形成してよい(以降、「マイクロベシクル形成ガス」としても特定される)。用語「生体適合性ガス」(またはガス前駆体)は、関連のある診断または治療用途の通常の用量で、患者にいかなる重大な副作用または毒性作用も生じない、任意のガス(またはその前駆体)を含む。
本発明に係るマイクロベシクルは、場合により、マイクロベシクル構造中に含まれ、またはそれと結合しているかのいずれかの、診断薬および/または治療薬をさらに含んでよい。
本発明に係るマイクロベシクルは、好ましくは乾燥粉末形状で保管され、それ自体を、2つの構成要素の診断および/または治療キット(好ましくは注射による投与用)に有利にパッケージしてよい。キットは、好ましくは、選択された生体適合性ガスと接触して凍結乾燥組成物を含む第一の容器と、生理的に許容できる水性担体を含む第二の容器とを含む。適切な担体の例は、水、典型的には滅菌され、発熱物質を含まない水(凍結乾燥産物の中間体において出来る限り汚染を防ぐため)、生理食塩水などの水溶液(注射用最終産物が低張とならないように有利に平衡し得る)、または、1つまたは複数の浸透圧調節物質の水溶液、例えば、塩類または糖類、糖アルコール類、グリコールまたは他の非イオン性ポリオール物質(例えばグルコース、スクロース、ソルビトール、マンニトール、グリセロール、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコールなど)である。前記の2つの構成要素キットは、2つの別々の容器または二室式容器を含んでよい。前者の場合では、容器は、好ましくは従来のセプタム−密封バイアルであり、ここで、凍結乾燥された残留物を含むバイアルは、セプタムで密封され、それを通して担体液体が、場合により事前充填されたシリンジを用いて注入され得る。そのような場合では、第二の構成要素の容器として用いられるシリンジは、それから、造影剤を注入するためにも用いられる。後者の場合では、二室式容器は、好ましくは二室式シリンジであり、そして、凍結乾燥物が再構成されて、それから適切に混合され、または穏やかに振とうされた時点で、造影剤を注入するために容器を直接用いることができる。
−Nは、組成物が、飽和脂肪酸のみを含むか(1)、不飽和脂肪酸のみを含むか(2)、または2つの混合を含むか(3以上、ここで、3よりも大きい数は、2つの脂肪酸の間の異なるモル比を特定する)を特定する番号であり、
−xは、脂肪酸の鎖長を特定する文字であり(a=C16;b、b’、b"=C18;c、c’=C20;ここで、b’(およびc’)およびb"は、それぞれ、2個または3個の不飽和を有する不飽和脂肪酸を特定する);
−Xは、リン脂質のタイプを特定する文字(大文字)であり(A=DSPC、B=DSPG、C=DSPS、D=DPPCおよびE=DAPC);および
−nは、異なる調製におけるリン脂質の同程度の相対的モル量を特定する別の数字である。
飽和または不飽和脂肪酸を含む、マイクロベシクルの調製
15.6mgのDSPC(52%(モル))および4.4mgのパルミチン酸(45.5%(モル))を、THF中で混合し、60℃で蒸発させて、25℃にて真空下(0.2mbar)で一晩乾燥させ;残渣を、シクロオクタン(1.6mL)中に70℃で、透明の均質溶液が得られるまで溶解させた。
飽和および不飽和脂肪酸の混合物を含むマイクロベシクル
パルミチン酸を飽和脂肪酸(約13%(モル);1.5〜1.8mg)および不飽和脂肪酸(約32.5%(モル);3.7〜4.4mg)を含む同程度のモル量(約45.5%)の混合物で置き換えることにより(以下の表2に示す)、実施例1の調製1aを繰り返し、18.2〜18.5mgのDSPC(飽和酸の量と合わせて20mg)および3.0mgのDSPE−PEG2000と混合した。
飽和または不飽和脂肪酸を含むマイクロベシクルと比較した、飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物を含むマイクロベシクルの安定性
実施例1および実施例2で調製したマイクロベシクルの安定性を、上記で定義した培養培地中で、37℃にて24時間にわたって測定した。各調製の2つのバイアルを1mLの培養培地中に再分散させて、サンプルを、i)再構成直後に、および、ii)37℃において静止状態下でのインキュベーションの24時間後に、Coulter Counterにより特徴付けた。(再構成後に測定された最初の量に対して)残存するマイクロベシクルの割合を、以下の表3に報告する。
エイコセン酸に対して様々なモル比のアラキジン酸を有するマイクロベシクルの調製および安定性測定
不飽和脂肪酸に対する飽和脂肪酸のモル比を表4に示すように変化させたが(飽和+不飽和脂肪酸の合計モル量は約45.5%モルで一定に維持しながら)、実施例2の調製3cを繰り返した(残りの構成要素はDSPC(52%モル)およびDSPE−PEG2000(2.5%モル)である)。
パルミトオレイン酸に対して様々なモル比のパルミチン酸を有するマイクロベシクルの調製および安定性測定
不飽和脂肪酸に対する飽和脂肪酸のモル比を表5に示すように変化させたが(飽和+不飽和脂肪酸の合計モル量は約45.5%モルで一定に維持しながら)、実施例2の調製3aを繰り返した(残りの構成要素はDSPC(52%モル)およびDSPE−PEG2000(2.5%モル)である)。
飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物および変化する量のホスファチジルコリンを有するマイクロベシクル
以下の表6に示すように、脂肪酸混合物のモル量に対してDSPCのモル量を変化させたが(飽和/不飽和脂肪酸のモル比は1:2.5で一定に維持しながら)、実施例2の調製3aを繰り返した。各調製に関するモル数の合計(DSPC+パルミチン酸+パルミトオレイン酸)は、約45μモルで一定に維持した。
飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物と結合したホスファチジルグリセロールを含むマイクロベシクル
ホスファチジルコリン(DSPC)をホスファチジルグリセロール(DSPG)で置き換えたが、調製1a、2a(実施例1)および3a(実施例2)を繰り返した。得られたマイクロベシクルの安定性を上述のように決定した。結果を以下の表7に報告する。
飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物と結合したホスファチジルセリンを含むマイクロベシクル
ホスファチジルグリセロール(DSPG)をホスファチジルセリン(DSPS)で置き換えたが、実施例7を繰り返した。マイクロベシクルの安定性を上述のように決定した。結果を以下の表8に報告する。
飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物と結合したホスファチジルコリンを含むマイクロベシクル
ホスファチジルグリセロール(DSPG)をホスファチジルコリン(DPPC)で置き換え、脂肪酸をステアリン酸およびオレイン酸で置き換えたが、実施例7を繰り返した。得られたマイクロベシクルの安定性を上述のように決定した。結果を以下の表9に報告する。
飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物と結合したホスファチジルコリンを含むマイクロベシクル
DPPCをDAPCで置き換えたが、実施例9を繰り返した。得られたマイクロベシクルの安定性を上述のように決定した。結果を以下の表10に報告する。
飽和および不飽和脂肪酸の混合物を含むマイクロベシクルのインビボ超音波イメージング
調製1aA1(DSPCおよびパルミチン酸−PA)に従って調製されたガス封入マイクロベシクルを、調製3aA1(DSPC+パルミチン酸およびパルミトオレイン酸の混合物−PA/POA)に従って調製されたマイクロベシクルと、インビボ(ラット腎臓)でのそれらのそれぞれの灌流能に関して比較した。
Claims (25)
- 生理的に許容できる液体担体中のガス封入マイクロベシクルの懸濁液であって、
前記マイクロベシクルは、リン脂質、飽和脂肪酸、および不飽和脂肪酸を含む安定化膜を有し、
前記飽和脂肪酸と前記不飽和脂肪酸との間のモル比が2.5:1〜1:8であり、
前記の飽和脂肪酸または不飽和脂肪酸は、C 10 〜C 28 脂肪族鎖を含むカルボン酸である、
マイクロベシクルの懸濁液。 - 請求項1に記載の懸濁液であって、
前記モル比が1.5:1〜1:7.5である、
懸濁液。 - 請求項2に記載の懸濁液であって、
前記モル比が1:1.5〜1:4である、
懸濁液。 - 請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の懸濁液であって、
前記の飽和脂肪酸または不飽和脂肪酸は、C10〜C 24 脂肪族鎖を含むカルボン酸である、
懸濁液。 - 請求項4に記載の懸濁液であって、
前記飽和脂肪酸は、カプリン酸(n−デカン酸)、ラウリン酸(n−ドデカン酸)、ミリスチン酸(n−テトラデカン酸)、パルミチン酸(n−ヘキサデカン酸)、ステアリン酸(n−オクタデカン酸)、アラキジン酸(n−エイコサン酸)、ベヘン酸(n−ドコサン酸)、n−テトラコサン酸およびそれらの混合物から選択される、
懸濁液。 - 請求項4または5に記載の懸濁液であって、
前記不飽和脂肪酸は、デセン酸、ドデセン酸、テトラデセン酸、ヘキサデセン酸、ヘキサデカジエン酸、オクタデセン酸、オクタデカジエン酸、オクタデカトリエン酸、オクタデカテトラエン酸、エイコセン酸、エイコサジエン酸、エイコサトリエン酸、エイコサテトラエン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサエン酸、ドコサジエン酸、ドコサトリエン酸、ドコサテトラエン酸、ドコサペンタエン酸、テトラコセン酸およびそれらの混合物から選択される、
懸濁液。 - 請求項1から6のいずれかに記載の懸濁液であって、
前記懸濁液中のリン脂質と飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物との間のモル比が3:7〜4:1である、
懸濁液。 - 請求項7に記載の懸濁液であって、
前記リン脂質は、ホスファチジルコリン、エチルホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルグリセロール、ホスファチジン酸、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルセリン、ホスファチジルイノシトール、スフィンゴミエリンおよびそれらの混合物から選択される、
懸濁液。 - 請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の懸濁液であって、
前記ガス封入マイクロベシクルが、標的リガンドおよび/または治療薬をさらに含む、
懸濁液。 - 請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の懸濁液であって、
前記ガスがフッ素化ガスを含む、
懸濁液。 - 請求項1から10のいずれかに記載のガス封入マイクロベシクルの懸濁液であって、
診断方法または治療処置での使用のための、
懸濁液。 - 密封バイアルであって、
a)リン脂質、飽和脂肪酸、および不飽和脂肪酸を含む、医薬製剤、
ここで、飽和脂肪酸と不飽和脂肪酸との間のモル比は2.5:1〜1:8であり、前記の飽和脂肪酸または不飽和脂肪酸は、C 10 〜C 28 脂肪族鎖を含むカルボン酸である;および、
b)生体適合性ガス、
を含む、
密封バイアル - 請求項12に記載のバイアルであって、
飽和脂肪酸と不飽和脂肪酸との間のモル比が1.5:1〜1:7.5である、
バイアル。 - 請求項13に記載のバイアルであって、
飽和脂肪酸と不飽和脂肪酸との間のモル比が1:1.5〜1:4である、
バイアル。 - 請求項12から14のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
前記の飽和脂肪酸または不飽和脂肪酸が、C10〜C 24 脂肪族鎖を含むカルボン酸である、
バイアル。 - 請求項15に記載のバイアルであって、
前記飽和脂肪酸は、カプリン酸(n−デカン酸)、ラウリン酸(n−ドデカン酸)、ミリスチン酸(n−テトラデカン酸)、パルミチン酸(n−ヘキサデカン酸)、ステアリン酸(n−オクタデカン酸)、アラキジン酸(n−エイコサン酸)、ベヘン酸(n−ドコサン酸)、n−テトラコサン酸およびそれらの混合物から選択される、
バイアル。 - 請求項15または16のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
前記不飽和脂肪酸は、デセン酸、ドデセン酸、テトラデセン酸、ヘキサデセン酸、ヘキサデカジエン酸、オクタデセン酸、オクタデカジエン酸、オクタデカトリエン酸、オクタデカテトラエン酸、エイコセン酸、エイコサジエン酸、エイコサトリエン酸、エイコサテトラエン酸、エイコサペンタエン酸、ドコサエン酸、ドコサジエン酸、ドコサトリエン酸、ドコサテトラエン酸、ドコサペンタエン酸、テトラコセン酸およびそれらの混合物から選択される、
バイアル。 - 請求項13から17のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
製剤中のリン脂質と前記の飽和/不飽和脂肪酸の混合物との間のモル比が、3:7〜4:1である、
バイアル。 - 請求項18に記載のバイアルであって、
前記リン脂質が、ホスファチジルコリン、エチルホスファチジルコリン、ホスファチジルグリセロール、ホスファチジン酸、ホスファチジルエタノールアミン、ホスファチジルセリン、ホスファチジルイノシトール、スフィンゴミエリンおよびそれらの混合物から選択される、
バイアル。 - 請求項13から19のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
前記製剤が、標的リガンドおよび/または治療薬をさらに含む、
バイアル。 - 請求項13から20のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
前記製剤が、凍結乾燥した形態である、
バイアル。 - 請求項13から21のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
前記製剤が、薬学的に許容できる添加剤および/または賦形剤をさらに含む、
バイアル。 - 請求項22に記載のバイアルであって、
前記添加剤が凍結乾燥剤である、
バイアル。 - 請求項13から23のいずれかに記載のバイアルであって、
前記ガスがフッ素化ガスを含む、
バイアル。 - ガス封入マイクロベシクルの懸濁液の調製のための製剤キットであって、
請求項13から24のいずれかに記載のバイアル、および、生理的に許容できる水性担体を含む容器を含む、
製剤キット。
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