JP6272896B2 - スチレン発泡体のための気泡サイズ拡大剤 - Google Patents
スチレン発泡体のための気泡サイズ拡大剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6272896B2 JP6272896B2 JP2015545065A JP2015545065A JP6272896B2 JP 6272896 B2 JP6272896 B2 JP 6272896B2 JP 2015545065 A JP2015545065 A JP 2015545065A JP 2015545065 A JP2015545065 A JP 2015545065A JP 6272896 B2 JP6272896 B2 JP 6272896B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- weight
- foam
- parts
- styrene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0019—Use of organic additives halogenated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/122—Hydrogen, oxygen, CO2, nitrogen or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
- C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
- C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/06—CO2, N2 or noble gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/10—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C08J2300/102—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing halogen atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2325/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2351/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2351/06—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2451/06—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/062—HDPE
Description
以下の実施例および比較実施例を、以下の押出発泡過程を使用して調製する。ポリマー成分および任意の添加剤を押出機に送給し、およそ200℃の混合温度で、溶融物を形成する。混合温度および11.9〜20メガパスカル(MPa)(119〜200bar)の混合圧力で、膨張剤を溶融物中へ混合して、発泡可能なポリマー混合物を形成する。発泡可能ポリマー混合物を、125〜130℃の発泡温度まで冷却する。発泡可能なポリマー混合物を、スリットダイを通して大気圧(0.1MPa、1.01bar)中へ吐出し、ポリマー発泡体に膨張させる。
Claims (9)
- 複数の気泡をその中に画定する、連続するマトリクスの形態であるポリマー組成物を含む、スチレンポリマー発泡体であって、前記ポリマー組成物は、第1のポリマーおよび第2のポリマーを含み、前記第1のポリマーは、無水マレイン酸グラフト高密度ポリエチレンであり、前記第2のポリマーは、グラフト無水マレイン酸を含まないスチレンポリマー樹脂であり、前記第1のポリマーは、前記第1のポリマーの総重量に基づいて、平均で0.05重量部以上のグラフト無水マレイン酸を含有し、前記ポリマー組成物中の前記第1のポリマーの濃度は、前記ポリマー組成物の100万重量部あたり、少なくとも6重量部のグラフト無水マレイン酸を提供するのに十分であり、前記ポリマー組成物は、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンをさらに含むものである、スチレンポリマー発泡体。
- 前記第1のポリマーは、前記第1のポリマーの総重量に基づいて、平均で0.05以上かつ2.0以下の重量部のグラフト無水マレイン酸を含む、請求項1に記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体。
- 前記ポリマー組成物内に分散させた臭素化難燃剤を有することをさらに特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体。
- 前記臭素化難燃剤が、前記ポリマー組成物に不溶である臭素化ポリマーであることをさらに特徴とする、請求項3に記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体。
- 前記第1および第2のポリマーの組み合わせが、総ポリマー組成物重量に基づいて、90重量%以上の濃度で存在することをさらに特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体。
- 請求項1に記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体を調製するための方法であって、ポリマー混合物を形成するために前記第1および第2のポリマーをともに混合することと、前記ポリマー混合物を請求項1に記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体に膨張させることと、を含む、方法。
- 発泡可能な混合物を形成するために二酸化炭素を含む膨張剤を前記ポリマー混合物中に含ませ、前記発泡可能な混合物を請求項1に記載のスチレンポリマー発泡体に膨張させるステップをさらに含む、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記二酸化炭素の濃度が、ポリマー組成物の100重量部あたり、3重量部以上であることをさらに特徴とする、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が押出発泡方法であり、前記押出発泡方法において、ポリマー組成物が、押出機を通して溶融状態で押し出され、初期混合圧力の下で膨張剤と混合されて発泡可能なポリマー混合物を形成し、次いで、ダイを通して前記初期混合圧力よりも低い圧力にある環境中に押し出されて、これにより前記発泡可能なポリマー混合物が膨張してスチレンポリマー発泡体になる、ことをさらに特徴とする、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201261730979P | 2012-11-29 | 2012-11-29 | |
US61/730,979 | 2012-11-29 | ||
US201361758298P | 2013-01-30 | 2013-01-30 | |
US61/758,298 | 2013-01-30 | ||
PCT/US2013/069375 WO2014085062A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 | 2013-11-11 | Cell size enlarging agent for styrenic foam |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015535554A JP2015535554A (ja) | 2015-12-14 |
JP6272896B2 true JP6272896B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
Family
ID=49679631
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015545065A Expired - Fee Related JP6272896B2 (ja) | 2012-11-29 | 2013-11-11 | スチレン発泡体のための気泡サイズ拡大剤 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150267020A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2898006B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6272896B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104797642B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2892607A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2592429T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014085062A1 (ja) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2684576A (en) * | 1950-03-03 | 1954-07-27 | Frankignoul Pieux Armes | Method and device of forming piles molded in the ground by filling thin sheathings |
JPS5723642A (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-02-06 | Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd | Olefinic polymer composition containing inorganic filler |
US4684576A (en) * | 1984-08-15 | 1987-08-04 | The Dow Chemical Company | Maleic anhydride grafts of olefin polymers |
JPH0776631A (ja) * | 1993-07-15 | 1995-03-20 | Jsp Corp | 成形用発泡ポリスチレンシート |
US5834126A (en) * | 1994-12-30 | 1998-11-10 | Basf Corporation | Barrier layer for use in refrigerator cabinets |
US6221928B1 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2001-04-24 | Sentinel Products Corp. | Polymer articles including maleic anhydride |
US6069183A (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 2000-05-30 | Tenneco Packaging Inc. | Foamable composition using high density polyethylene |
US7226956B2 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2007-06-05 | Gary Richard Wilkes | Low density polymeric foam using a three-polymer blend |
US9752004B2 (en) | 2006-06-22 | 2017-09-05 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Cell size enlargers for polystyrene foams |
US8349909B2 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-01-08 | Owens Corning Intellectual Capital, Llc | Polystyrene/polyethylene oxide copolymer cell size enlarger for foam |
WO2012058002A1 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Melt devolatilization extrusion process |
WO2012168746A1 (en) * | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | Italmatch Chemicals S.P.A. | Flame retarded extruded polystyrene foams |
JP5448107B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-31 | 2014-03-19 | 株式会社ジェイエスピー | ポリスチレン系樹脂押出発泡板 |
-
2013
- 2013-11-11 ES ES13798463.9T patent/ES2592429T3/es active Active
- 2013-11-11 CN CN201380060699.4A patent/CN104797642B/zh active Active
- 2013-11-11 CA CA2892607A patent/CA2892607A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-11-11 EP EP13798463.9A patent/EP2898006B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-11-11 WO PCT/US2013/069375 patent/WO2014085062A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-11-11 US US14/437,215 patent/US20150267020A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-11-11 JP JP2015545065A patent/JP6272896B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2015535554A (ja) | 2015-12-14 |
US20150267020A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
CA2892607A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
WO2014085062A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
CN104797642A (zh) | 2015-07-22 |
ES2592429T3 (es) | 2016-11-30 |
EP2898006A1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
EP2898006B1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
CN104797642B (zh) | 2017-07-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP5123021B2 (ja) | ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法及びポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体 | |
JP5116448B2 (ja) | 連続気泡発泡体とその製造方法 | |
US20100292355A1 (en) | Alkenyl-aromatic foam having good surface quality, high thermal insulating properties and low density | |
JP2016017144A (ja) | 架橋ポリエチレン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法及び架橋ポリエチレン系樹脂粒子の製造方法 | |
JP2011132420A (ja) | ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体の製造方法及びポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡体 | |
JP5976098B2 (ja) | ポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子およびポリプロピレン系樹脂発泡粒子からなる型内発泡成形体、並びに、これらの製造方法 | |
KR100881874B1 (ko) | 발포제로서 134a 및 알코올에 의한 압출 비닐 방향족발포체 | |
CN102575043B (zh) | San挤出泡沫 | |
CA2399239C (en) | Extruded foam product with reduced surface defects | |
JP2013075941A (ja) | 発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子、その製造方法、発泡粒子及び発泡成形体 | |
JP5943826B2 (ja) | ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂発泡粒子、ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法、及びポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂発泡粒子成形体 | |
JP2008274133A (ja) | 発泡性樹脂粒子及びその製造方法 | |
JP5171238B2 (ja) | 発泡剤マスターバッチ | |
JP6272896B2 (ja) | スチレン発泡体のための気泡サイズ拡大剤 | |
WO2010103771A1 (ja) | ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂発泡粒子、及びポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂発泡粒子成形体 | |
JP5410157B2 (ja) | ポリプロピレン系樹脂型内発泡成形体 | |
JP6322148B2 (ja) | シード重合用種粒子、複合樹脂粒子、発泡性粒子、発泡粒子及び複合樹脂発泡成形体 | |
WO2016147775A1 (ja) | 帯電防止性能を有するポリエチレン系樹脂発泡粒子およびポリエチレン系樹脂型内発泡成形体およびその製造方法 | |
JP4940688B2 (ja) | ポリプロピレン系樹脂予備発泡粒子の製造方法 | |
JP2018100380A (ja) | ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡性粒子及びその製法、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡粒子及びその製法、並びに、ポリスチレン系樹脂発泡成形体及びその製法 | |
JP5670816B2 (ja) | ポリオレフィン系樹脂発泡粒子の製造方法 | |
JPH07330935A (ja) | 結晶性ポリオレフィン発泡体 | |
JP2023141099A (ja) | 押出発泡樹脂粒子およびその製造方法 | |
JP2013203821A (ja) | 発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子とその製造方法、予備発泡粒子及び発泡成形体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
RD02 | Notification of acceptance of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422 Effective date: 20150604 |
|
RD03 | Notification of appointment of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423 Effective date: 20150604 |
|
RD04 | Notification of resignation of power of attorney |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424 Effective date: 20151224 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20160902 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20170525 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20170606 |
|
A521 | Written amendment |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170728 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20171205 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20180104 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6272896 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |