JP6272228B2 - 少なくとも1つの溶融塩を含む媒体からアクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドのオキシハロゲン化物及び/又は酸化物を調製する方法 - Google Patents
少なくとも1つの溶融塩を含む媒体からアクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドのオキシハロゲン化物及び/又は酸化物を調製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6272228B2 JP6272228B2 JP2014532351A JP2014532351A JP6272228B2 JP 6272228 B2 JP6272228 B2 JP 6272228B2 JP 2014532351 A JP2014532351 A JP 2014532351A JP 2014532351 A JP2014532351 A JP 2014532351A JP 6272228 B2 JP6272228 B2 JP 6272228B2
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- Prior art keywords
- lanthanoid
- actinide
- molten salt
- chloride
- medium
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- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 86
- 150000001255 actinides Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 85
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 73
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 59
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- -1 lanthanoid chlorides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical group [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 9
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-KGJVWPDLSA-N beta-L-fucose Chemical compound C[C@@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O SHZGCJCMOBCMKK-KGJVWPDLSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052685 Curium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052781 Neptunium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- WZECUPJJEIXUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[U+6] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[U+6] WZECUPJJEIXUKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001617 alkaline earth metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N americium atom Chemical compound [Am] LXQXZNRPTYVCNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XQTIWNLDFPPCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+) Chemical compound [Ce+3] XQTIWNLDFPPCIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N neptunium atom Chemical compound [Np] LFNLGNPSGWYGGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000439 uranium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004664 Cerium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021193 La 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002420 LaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QMDUWIMFSNMWLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(Cl)Cl.[Np] Chemical class O(Cl)Cl.[Np] QMDUWIMFSNMWLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEROREPODAPBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [La].ClOCl Chemical compound [La].ClOCl JEROREPODAPBAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLYXMBXMECZBSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pu+3] Chemical compound [Pu+3] ZLYXMBXMECZBSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000310 actinide oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001615 alkaline earth metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005539 carbonized material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+) Chemical compound [Ce+4] ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012803 melt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009377 nuclear transmutation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WJWSFWHDKPKKES-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium uranium Chemical compound [U].[Pu] WJWSFWHDKPKKES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYMMZQWRMUVJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-K plutonium(iii) chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Pu+3] CYMMZQWRMUVJRR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- IYMWLFSZGRYBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(3+) Chemical compound [U+3] IYMWLFSZGRYBCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPICRATUQFHULE-UHFFFAOYSA-J uranium(4+);tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[U](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPICRATUQFHULE-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G56/00—Compounds of transuranic elements
- C01G56/004—Compounds of plutonium
- C01G56/005—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G43/00—Compounds of uranium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/253—Halides
- C01F17/259—Oxyhalides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/206—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion
- C01F17/224—Oxides or hydroxides of lanthanides
- C01F17/235—Cerium oxides or hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/206—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion
- C01F17/241—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element oxide or hydroxide being the only anion containing two or more rare earth metals, e.g. NdPrO3 or LaNdPrO3
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/253—Halides
- C01F17/271—Chlorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G43/00—Compounds of uranium
- C01G43/01—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G43/025—Uranium dioxide
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
- G21C19/42—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel
- G21C19/44—Reprocessing of irradiated fuel of irradiated solid fuel
- G21C19/48—Non-aqueous processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
- G21F9/308—Processing by melting the waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G43/00—Compounds of uranium
- C01G43/01—Oxides; Hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G56/00—Compounds of transuranic elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/80—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70
- C01P2002/88—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured data other than those specified in group C01P2002/70 by thermal analysis data, e.g. TGA, DTA, DSC
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/20—Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/38—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions cube-like
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Description
− ウラン及びプルトニウムを含む有機相;及び
− マイナーアクチノイド(アメリシウム及びキュリウム等)及び、「PUREX残渣」とも呼ばれる核分裂生成物を含む水相
を回収する。
− この方法は、有機相の抽出の後、純粋なプルトニウムのフラックスを得ることを可能にするため、しばしば潜在的に拡散していると見なされる;
− 抽出剤として使用される有機溶媒が放射線に対して反応性であり、これは、燃料に、再処理前の、高い燃焼率、長い冷却時間を課す;
− 最後に、再処理を受けるために、燃料はあらかじめ硝酸中に溶解されなければならず、これは硝酸中に溶解し難い難溶性燃料である場合に問題になる。
2 PuCl3 + 6Li+ + 3O2- → Pu2O3 + 6LiCl
− 他方では、特に使用される試薬がBaOである場合、溶融塩を含む媒体の変質、及び、他方で、特にガラス化しないために、再処理される廃棄物の体積の増加をもたらし、そのためこの廃棄物の管理の困難性を増加させる、この媒体の容量の増加;
− 特に使用される試薬がカーボネート試薬である場合、望まれない泡立ち現象をもたらし得る、二酸化炭素の生成。
LaCl3 + (1/2)O2 (g) → LaOCl + Cl2 (g)
− ホウ素を含む酸化物の形成、及び、本質的に溶融塩を含む媒体を汚染する、過剰量のホウ酸の使用の必要性;
− 酸化物型ではなく、ホスフェート型の相の形成。
− 溶融塩を含む媒体のカチオンによる汚染、それにより続いて誘発される、溶融塩を含む媒体の管理の問題
− オキシハロゲン化物又は酸化物以外の生成物の、アクチノイド又はランタノイド元素との形成。
2AnCl3 + 3H2O(g) → An2O3 + 6HCl(g)
AnCl3 + 2H2O(g) → AnO2 + 3HCl(g) + (1/2)H2(g)
AnCl3 + H2O(g) → AnOCl + 2HCl(g)
− 媒体の構成要素の塩と、アクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドのハロゲン化物とを、固体状態で混合する操作;
− 得られた混合物を適当な温度で加熱して、この混合物の溶融を得る操作。
− アクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドのハロゲン化物以外の、媒体の構成要素の塩を、固体状態で混合する操作;
− 得られた混合物を適当な温度で加熱して、この混合物の溶融(以下、「溶融混合物」ともいう)を得る操作;
− この溶融混合物中に、アクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドのハロゲン化物を加える操作。
− いくつかの分離したアクチノイド元素が、酸化物又はオキシハロゲン化物の結晶格子中に存在する;
− いくつかの分離したランタノイド元素が、酸化物又はオキシハロゲン化物の結晶格子中に存在する;
− 1つのアクチノイド元素及び1つのランタノイド元素が、酸化物又はオキシハロゲン化物の結晶格子中に存在する;
− 1つのアクチノイド元素といくつかのランタノイド元素が、酸化物又はオキシハロゲン化物の結晶格子中に存在する;又は、
− いくつかのアクチノイド元素と1つのランタノイド元素が、酸化物又はオキシハロゲン化物の結晶格子中に存在する。
この実施例は、固溶体の形態におけるセリウム(III)及びネオジム(III)の共沈殿を説明する。セリウム(III)及びネオジム(III)はアクチノイド元素(III)をシミュレートする元素を構成する。
− X線回折(以下、略称「XRD」の記号で示す);
− 走査型電子顕微鏡(以下、略称「SEM」の記号で示す);
− キャスティングマイクロプローブ分析;及び
− 熱重量分析。
Ce0.5Nd0.5OCl + (3/8)O2 → Ce0.5Nd0.5O1.75 + (1/2)Cl2(g)
この実施例は、ウラン(III)の酸化ウランUO2の形態での沈殿を説明する。
− X線回折(以下、略称「XRD」の記号で示す);及び
− 熱重量分析。
この実施例は、プルトニウム(III)の酸化プルトニウムPuO2の形態での沈殿を説明する。
Claims (9)
- 少なくとも1つの塩化物型の溶融塩を含む媒体中に存在するアクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドの塩化物からアクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドのオキシ塩化物及び/又は酸化物を製造する方法であって、前記少なくとも1つの塩化物型の溶融塩を含む媒体中に存在するアクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドの塩化物を湿性の不活性ガスと接触させる工程を含み、前記少なくとも1つの塩化物型の溶融塩を含む媒体が、塩化リチウム及び塩化カルシウムの混合物である、方法。
- 前記不活性ガスが希ガスである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記不活性ガスがアルゴンである、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記不活性ガスが窒素である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アクチノイドが、ウラン、プルトニウム、トリウム、マイナーアクチノイド、及びこれらの混合物から選択される、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記接触させる工程が、前記アクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドの塩化物を含む、少なくとも1つの溶融塩を含む前記媒体中に湿性の不活性ガスをバブリングすることにより行われる、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記接触させる工程の前に、前記アクチノイド及び/又はランタノイドの塩化物が存在する、少なくとも1つの溶融塩を含む前記媒体を準備する工程を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記接触させる工程の前に、前記湿性の不活性ガスを準備する工程を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記接触させる工程の後に、形成された前記オキシ塩化物及び/又は酸化物を単離する工程をさらに含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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FR1158572 | 2011-09-26 | ||
FR1158572A FR2980468B1 (fr) | 2011-09-26 | 2011-09-26 | Procede de preparation d'un oxyhalogenure et/ou oxyde d'actinide(s) et/ou de lanthanide(s) a partir d'un milieu comprenant au moins un sel fondu |
PCT/EP2012/068881 WO2013045450A1 (fr) | 2011-09-26 | 2012-09-25 | Procede de preparation d'un oxychlorure et/ou oxyde d ' actinide ( s ) et/ou de lanthanide (s) a partir d'un milieu comprenant au moins un sel fondu |
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KR101499645B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-03-12 | 한국원자력연구원 | 사용후 핵연료 우라늄 산화물(u3o8)의 염화물 전환방법 |
FR3012127B1 (fr) * | 2013-10-22 | 2016-10-28 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de preparation d'une poudre comprenant une solution solide de dioxyde uranium et d'au moins un autre element actinide et/ou lanthanide |
JP6839719B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-16 | 2021-03-10 | リチャード スコット,イアン | 使用済み酸化ウラン燃料の溶融塩原子炉燃料への転換 |
CN107093467B (zh) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-02-05 | 中山大学 | 用于嬗变和展平功率的mox燃料组件及展平功率的方法 |
CN115380009B (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2024-05-24 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | 卤氧化物的制造方法 |
CN112125281B (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-02-08 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | 一种使用共沉淀结合熔盐法制备镧系氧化物材料的方法及其应用 |
CN113044873A (zh) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-29 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种用于化学机械抛光的CeO2纳米颗粒及其制备方法 |
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US2948586A (en) * | 1958-07-24 | 1960-08-09 | Raymond H Moore | Fused salt process for recovery of values from used nuclear reactor fuels |
GB889307A (en) * | 1959-09-25 | 1962-02-14 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Improvements in or relating to processes for the production of uranium oxide |
US3063794A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1962-11-13 | Warren R Grimes | Preparation of refractory oxide crystals |
US3154379A (en) * | 1963-05-10 | 1964-10-27 | Glen E Benedict | Plutonium separation from uranium and lanthanides by precipitation from molten chloride solutions |
LU46489A1 (ja) * | 1964-07-09 | 1972-01-01 | ||
US3420639A (en) * | 1967-10-20 | 1969-01-07 | Atomic Energy Commission | Molten salt method of separation of americium from plutonium |
JPH11118995A (ja) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-30 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 核燃料乾式再処理における塩廃棄物の処理方法及びその装置 |
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US9302918B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
CN103827039A (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
KR20140069029A (ko) | 2014-06-09 |
KR101961507B1 (ko) | 2019-03-22 |
EP2760794B1 (fr) | 2015-11-18 |
CN103827039B (zh) | 2016-08-17 |
RU2014116908A (ru) | 2015-11-10 |
FR2980468B1 (fr) | 2014-01-24 |
JP2014530359A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
FR2980468A1 (fr) | 2013-03-29 |
US20140219900A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
RU2610067C2 (ru) | 2017-02-07 |
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