JP6257788B2 - 除湿装置 - Google Patents
除湿装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6257788B2 JP6257788B2 JP2016549882A JP2016549882A JP6257788B2 JP 6257788 B2 JP6257788 B2 JP 6257788B2 JP 2016549882 A JP2016549882 A JP 2016549882A JP 2016549882 A JP2016549882 A JP 2016549882A JP 6257788 B2 JP6257788 B2 JP 6257788B2
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- heat exchanger
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- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 15
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005477 standard model Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
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- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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Description
図1は本発明の実施の形態1における除湿装置100の概略構成図である。図1に示すように、除湿装置100は、筐体(図示せず)内に収容される、圧縮機11、第1の熱交換器12a、第2の熱交換器12b、第3の熱交換器12c、減圧装置13および流路切替器14が冷媒配管で接続された冷媒回路10と、水分吸着部材20と、送風機30とを備える。また、除湿装置100の筐体内には、除湿対象空間からの空気を取り込む吸込口1aと除湿対象空間へ空気を放出する吹出口1bとをつなぐ風路1が形成される。風路1には、吸込口1aから順に、第1の熱交換器12a、水分吸着部材20、第2の熱交換器12b、第3の熱交換器12cおよび送風機30が配置される。
まず、図4を参照して第1の運転モードでの冷媒回路10の冷媒動作を説明する。第1の運転モードでは、図4に示す実線に沿って冷媒が流れる。詳しくは、圧縮機11によって圧縮され、吐出された冷媒は第3の熱交換器12cに流入する。第3の熱交換器12cは凝縮器として機能し、冷媒は空気と熱交換して一部が凝縮液化する。第3の熱交換器12cを通過した冷媒は、流路切替器14を通って第2の熱交換器12bに流入する。第2の熱交換器12bは凝縮器として機能し、冷媒は空気と熱交換して凝縮液化する。第2の熱交換器12bを通過した冷媒は、減圧装置13に流入し、減圧装置13で減圧された後、第1の熱交換器12aに流入する。第1の熱交換器12aは、蒸発器として機能し、冷媒は空気と熱交換して蒸発する。第1の熱交換器12aを通過した冷媒は、流路切替器14を通って再び圧縮機11に吸入される。
次に図5を参照して第1の運転モードでの除湿装置100の風路1内における空気の動作を説明する。第1の運転モードでは、まず、除湿装置100の吸込口1aから導入された除湿対象空気(図5、1−1点)が第1の熱交換器12aに流入する。ここで、除湿対象空気は、蒸発器として機能する第1の熱交換器12aによって露点温度以下に冷却され、水分が除湿された除湿空気となる(図5、1−2点)。第1の熱交換器12aによって冷却除湿された空気は、水分吸着部材20に流入する。ここで、冷却除湿された空気の相対湿度は80〜90(%RH)程度と高くなっているため、水分吸着部材20の吸着剤は水分を吸着しやすくなる。水分吸着部材20の吸着剤により水分が吸着(除湿)され、低湿化された空気(図5、1−3点)は、第2の熱交換器12bに流入する。第2の熱交換器12bは凝縮器として機能しているため、通過する空気は加熱され、温度が上昇する(図5、1−4点)。第2の熱交換器12bを通過した空気は、第3の熱交換器12cに流入する。第3の熱交換器12cは凝縮器として機能しているため、通過する空気は加熱され、温度が上昇する(図5、1−5点)。第3の熱交換器12cを通過した空気は、吹出口1bより放出される。
次に、図6を参照して第2の運転モードでの冷媒回路10の冷媒動作を説明する。第2の運転モードでは、図6に示す実線に沿って冷媒が流れる。詳しくは、圧縮機11によって圧縮され、吐出された冷媒は第3の熱交換器12cに流入する。第3の熱交換器12cは凝縮器として機能し、冷媒は空気と熱交換して一部が凝縮液化する。第3の熱交換器12cを通過した冷媒は、流路切替器14を通って第1の熱交換器12aに流入する。第1の熱交換器12aは凝縮器として機能し、冷媒は空気と熱交換して凝縮液化する。第1の熱交換器12aを通過した冷媒は、減圧装置13に流入し、減圧装置13で減圧された後、第2の熱交換器12bに流入する。第2の熱交換器12bは、蒸発器として機能し、冷媒は空気と熱交換して蒸発する。第2の熱交換器12bを通過した冷媒は、流路切替器14を通って再び圧縮機11に吸入される。
次に、図7を参照して第2の運転モードでの除湿装置100の風路1内における空気の動作を説明する。なお、第2の運転モードにおいては、第1の熱交換器12aまたは第2の熱交換器12bに着霜しているか否かによって空気の動作が異なる。そのため、着霜無しの場合の湿り空気線図を図7(a)に示し、着霜ありの場合の湿り空気線図を図7(b)に示す。なお、図7(b)の例では、第1の熱交換器12aに着霜した場合について説明する。
次に本発明の実施の形態2における除湿装置100について説明する。実施の形態2の除湿装置100は、運転モード切り替え処理に先立って、運転時間マップ65を変更する点において、実施の形態1と相違する。その他の除湿装置100の構成および運転モード切り替え処理は実施の形態1と同様である。
次に本発明の実施の形態3における除湿装置100について説明する。図11は、実施の形態3の除湿装置100の概略構成図である。本実施の形態における除湿装置100は、第3の熱交換器12cを備えていない点において、実施の形態1と相違する。その他の除湿装置100の構成および運転モード切り替え処理は実施の形態1と同様である。本実施形態において、冷媒は、圧縮機11から流路切替器14に流入し、その後は実施の形態1と同様に、運転モードに応じた冷媒循環経路を流れる。本実施の形態においても、実施の形態1と同様に、除湿対象空気に応じた適切なタイミングで第1の運転モードと第2の運転モードとを切り替え、除湿装置100を効率良く動作させることが可能となる。
Claims (9)
- 圧縮機、冷媒流路を切り替える流路切替器、第1の熱交換器、減圧装置および第2の熱交換器が配管で接続された冷媒回路と、
前記第1の熱交換器および前記第2の熱交換器の間に配置され、風路内を流れる空気に含まれる水分の吸着および吸着した水分の脱着を行う水分吸着部材と、
除湿対象空間の空気を前記風路内に流す送風機であって、前記第1の熱交換器、前記水分吸着部材および前記第2の熱交換器の順に空気を流す送風機と、
前記流路切替器を制御する制御手段と、
前記流路切替器の制御に用いられる運転時間マップを記憶する記憶手段と、
前記除湿対象空間の温度および湿度を検知する温湿度検知手段と、を備え、
前記制御手段は、前記流路切替器を制御して、前記第1の熱交換器を蒸発器として機能させるとともに前記第2の熱交換器を凝縮器として機能させ、前記水分吸着部材による水分の吸着を行う第1の運転モードと、前記第1の熱交換器を凝縮器として機能させるとともに前記第2の熱交換器を蒸発器として機能させ、前記水分吸着部材が吸着した水分の脱着を行う第2の運転モードと、を切り替えるものであり、
前記運転時間マップは、前記除湿対象空間の温度および湿度と、前記第1の運転モードで動作する第1の時間および前記第2の運転モードで動作する第2の時間とを対応付けるものであり、
前記制御手段は、前記温湿度検知手段により検知された温度および湿度に対応する前記第1の時間および前記第2の時間を前記運転時間マップから取得し、前記取得した前記第1の時間および前記第2の時間に従って、前記流路切替器を制御するものである除湿装置。 - 前記冷媒回路は、前記圧縮機と前記流路切替器との間に配置され、凝縮器として機能する第3の熱交換器をさらに備え、
前記第3の熱交換器は、前記風路内において、前記第2の熱交換器の下流に配置される請求項1に記載の除湿装置。 - 前記制御手段は、前記第1の運転モードでの動作中に、前記温湿度検知手段により検知された温度および湿度に基づいて、前記第1の時間および前記第2の時間を取得するものである請求項1または2に記載の除湿装置。
- 前記第1の熱交換器または前記第2の熱交換器における着霜を検知する着霜検知手段をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は、前記着霜検知手段によって着霜を検知した場合、前記第1の運転モードを前記第2の運転モードへ、または前記第2の運転モードを前記第1の運転モードへ切り替えるよう前記流路切替器を制御するものである請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の除湿装置。 - 前記着霜検知手段は、前記風路内を流れる空気の速度の低下を検知した場合に着霜したと判断するものである請求項4に記載の除湿装置。
- 前記風路内を流れる空気の速度を検知する風速検知手段をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は、前記風速検知手段の検知結果に応じて前記運転時間マップにおける前記第1の時間および前記第2の時間を変更するものである請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の除湿装置。 - 前記制御手段は、前記冷媒回路の運転状態に応じて前記運転時間マップにおける前記第1の時間および前記第2の時間を変更するものである請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の除湿装置。
- 前記水分吸着部材の寄与率に応じて選択された運転時間マップを使用するものである請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の除湿装置。
- 前記運転時間マップは、前記第1の時間および前記第2の時間を、前記除湿対象空間の温度が低い場合よりも、前記除湿対象空間の温度が高い場合の方が短くなるよう対応付けるものである請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の除湿装置。
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