JP6249924B2 - 高分子カプセルを含む透明断熱材及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
高分子カプセルを含む透明断熱材及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title claims description 127
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 102
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 71
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CDOUZKKFHVEKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-n-[(prop-2-enoylamino)methyl]propanamide Chemical compound BrCCC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C CDOUZKKFHVEKRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019329 dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZNSQRLUUXWLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CN1 MZNSQRLUUXWLSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/066—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/40—Distributing applied liquids or other fluent materials by members moving relatively to surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/006—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character
- C03C17/007—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with materials of composite character containing a dispersed phase, e.g. particles, fibres or flakes, in a continuous phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/412—Transparent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/44—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the composition of the continuous phase
- C03C2217/445—Organic continuous phases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/40—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer
- C03C2217/43—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase
- C03C2217/46—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase
- C03C2217/47—Coatings comprising at least one inhomogeneous layer consisting of a dispersed phase in a continuous phase characterized by the dispersed phase consisting of a specific material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2433/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2433/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08J2433/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B2001/742—Use of special materials; Materials having special structures or shape
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
高分子カプセルの調製
メチルメタクリレート(Methyl methacrylate、MMA)(10wt%)、スルホコハク酸ジオクチルナトリウム(Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt、またはAOT)(0.45wt%)、ポリビニルピロリドン(Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)、PVP)(4wt%)、2,2’−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(2,2’−Azobisisobutyronitrile、AIBN)(0.1wt%)、メタノール(Methanol)(85.45wt%)を、それぞれ重量比10:0.45:4:0.1:85.45で混合した。
光学樹脂(optical resin)[アクリル系樹脂]に前記調製された球状の高分子カプセルを0wt%(比較例)、10wt%(実施例1)、20wt%(実施例2)、30wt%(実施例3)の割合でそれぞれ混合した。
Claims (9)
- 透明断熱材であって、
前記透明断熱材は、透明断熱樹脂層を含み、
前記透明断熱樹脂層は、可視光領域における光透過率が石英を基準にして90%以上であるポリアクリル系光学樹脂及びPMMA高分子カプセルを含み、
前記高分子カプセルは、内部に気体を含む空き空間(vacant space)及び前記空き空間を取り囲む高分子膜からなり、
前記PMMA高分子カプセルとポリアクリル系光学樹脂とのアッベ屈折率測定器で測定した屈折率差が0〜0.1であり、
前記PMMA高分子カプセルは、平均粒径7μm以上20μm未満のランダムなサイズのPMMA高分子カプセルであって、2種以上の互いに異なる平均粒径を有するPMMA高分子カプセルの混合物からなり、
前記高分子カプセルの含量は、高分子カプセル及び光学樹脂の総量100重量%に対し、10重量%以上30重量%以下であり、
前記透明断熱材の熱伝導度が0.02〜0.15W/mkであることを特徴とする透明断熱材。 - 透明断熱樹脂層が、さらに光反射用添加剤または光吸収用添加剤を含む、請求項1に記載の透明断熱材。
- 光反射用添加剤または光吸収用添加剤を含む層をさらに有する、請求項1又は2に記載の透明断熱材。
- 基材及び基材上に形成された請求項1〜3に記載の透明断熱材からなる、透明断熱材フィルム又はシート。
- 前記基材は、可視光領域における光透過率が石英を基準にして60%以上であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の透明断熱材フィルム又はシート。
- 前記基材は、ガラスまたはポリエチレンテレフタレートであることを特徴とする請求項4又は5に記載の透明断熱材フィルム又はシート。
- 透明断熱材の製造方法であって、
高分子カプセルを製造する段階、及び
前記高分子カプセルを光学樹脂と混合する段階、を含み,
前記光学樹脂は、可視光領域における光透過率が石英を基準にして90%以上であるポリアクリル系樹脂であり、
前記高分子カプセルは、内部に気体を含む空き空間(vacant space)及び前記空き空間を取り囲む高分子膜からなり、
前記高分子カプセルは、PMMA高分子カプセルであり、
前記PMMA高分子カプセルとポリアクリル系光学樹脂のアッベ屈折率測定器で測定した屈折率差が0〜0.1であり、
前記PMMA高分子カプセルは、ラジカル重合によって調製され、重合反応時間を調節して得られた、平均粒径7μm以上20μm未満のランダムなサイズのPMMA高分子カプセルであって、2種以上の互いに異なる平均粒径を有するPMMA高分子カプセルが混合されており、
前記PMMA高分子カプセルの含量は、PMMA高分子カプセル及びポリアクリル系光学樹脂の総量100重量%に対し、10重量%以上30重量%以下である
ことを特徴とする透明断熱材の製造方法。 - 前記PMMA高分子カプセルをポリアクリル系光学樹脂と混合して得られた混合物を基材にコーティングして、基材上に透明断熱樹脂層を形成する段階をさらに含む請求項7に記載の透明断熱材の製造方法。
- 前記コーティングの後、基材を透明断熱樹脂層から除去する段階をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の透明断熱材の製造方法。
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JPS59201471A (ja) * | 1983-04-29 | 1984-11-15 | Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd | 光電変換半導体装置 |
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