JP6236915B2 - はんだ付け方法および半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
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Description
ニッケルめっきされたベース板1を準備する(A工程)。
つぎに、ニッケルめっきされたベース板1を還元性ガス(水素ガス)で加熱し、ニッケルめっき層2の表面の酸化ニッケル膜21(酸化金属膜)を還元してニッケル膜にする。その後、湿式洗浄を行なう(B工程)。
前記のC工程で、ベース板1と絶縁回路基板8の銅箔6を接合する際、接合する面に酸化金属膜が存在するとはんだ12の濡れ性が悪くなり、はんだ溶融時にボイド23が発生してしまう。また、ボイド23はIGBTモジュール500の品質および信頼性不具合を起こす原因のひとつであり、少ないことが望ましい。
また、特許文献1では、ニッケルめっき皮膜表面の酸化皮膜によりはんだ濡れ性が悪化することや水素ガスを含む還元性ガス雰囲気中ではんだ付けを行なう場合、後述するように装置の複雑化やコストの増加などの欠点があることが記載されている。
また、特許請求の範囲の請求項3記載の発明によれば、請求項1に記載の発明において、前記温度範囲が320℃〜360℃であるとよい。
また、特許請求の範囲の請求項5記載の発明によれば、ニッケルめっき層を有するベース板を300℃〜400℃の温度範囲で不活性ガス雰囲気中で加熱することで前記ニッケルめっき層の表面の酸化ニッケル膜を還元する工程と、前記ベース板を絶縁回路基板の導電箔と還元ガス雰囲気中ではんだ接合する工程と、を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法とする。
また、特許請求の範囲の請求項7記載の発明によれば、請求項5に記載の発明において、前記温度範囲が320℃〜360℃であるとよい。
また、特許請求の範囲の請求項9記載の発明によれば、請求項5に記載の発明において、前記不活性ガスが窒素ガスもしくはアルゴンガスであるとよい。
(実施例1)
図1は、この発明に係る第1実施例のはんだ付け方法を説明する組立フロー図である。
(1)ニッケルめっきされた銅部材(以下、単に部材と称す)を準備する。銅部材の代わりにアルミニウム部材やAlSiC(アルミニウム・シリコンカーバイト)部材またはMgSiC(マグネシウム・シリコンカーバイト)部材などの場合もある。このニッケルめっきは、例えば、無電解めっきで、処理温度は80℃程度である。この無電解によるニッケルめっき処理中にニッケルめっき層に水素が含有される。そのため、特に外部から水素などの還元性ガスをチャージする必要がない。
(2)不活性ガス雰囲気(例えば、窒素ガス雰囲気など)中でニッケルめっきされた部材を所定の加熱温度で加熱することで、ニッケルめっき層に含有された水素が表面へ移動し、ニッケルめっき層の表面を還元雰囲気とする。この還元雰囲気により表面を被覆する酸化金属膜である酸化ニッケル膜と水素が反応し、酸化ニッケル膜が還元されて、ニッケル膜になる。また、不活性ガス雰囲気中で加熱することでニッケルめっき層の表面の酸化が防止される。また、前記の不活性ガス雰囲気に用いられる窒素ガスを、アルゴンガスなどに代えても構わない。
加熱温度が300℃未満では、ニッケルめっき層に含有された水素の外部へ放出される割合は小さくなり、還元雰囲気とするには水素量が不足する。また、400℃超では部材のニッケルめっき層の硬度低下が大きくなる。さらにニッケルめっき層の表面が荒れてはんだ付けの際にボイドの発生源となるため好ましくない。
(3)部材とこの部材に接合される被接合部材とをはんだ板を挟んで密着させ、還元性ガス雰囲気中(例えば、水素雰囲気中など)で加熱してはんだを溶融させ、その後冷却して固化させることで互いをはんだ接合する。このはんだ接合は、例えば、200℃〜300℃未満程度の温度範囲で行う。
(実施例2)
図2〜図4は、この発明の第2実施例に係る半導体装置100の製造方法であり、工程順に示した要部工程断面図である。
前記したように、予め、不活性ガス雰囲気中で加熱して、ベース板1に形成されたニッケルめっき層2の表面の酸化ニッケル膜21を還元してニッケル膜にしておくことで、その後のはんだ付けでボイドの発生率を大幅に抑制することができる。
図5は、図2〜図4で示した半導体装置の製造方法の中で不活性ガス雰囲気中で加熱する概略のフロー図である。
つぎに、B工程において、不活性ガス雰囲気中でベース板1を加熱する。
つぎに、C工程において、ベース板1のニッケルめっき層2と絶縁回路基板8の図示しないニッケルめっき層で被覆された銅箔6を還元性ガス雰囲気中ではんだ接合する(C工程)。
2 ニッケルめっき層
3 恒温槽
4 リフロー炉
5 セラミック板
6、7 銅箔
8 絶縁回路基板
9 半導体チップ
9a IGBTチップ
9b ダイオードチップ
10 はんだ板
11 ボンディングワイヤ
12 はんだ
13 樹脂ケース枠
14 外部導出端子
15 封止材
21 酸化ニッケル膜
22 水素
23 ボイド
Claims (12)
- 水素を含むニッケルめっき層を有する部材を300℃〜400℃の第1の温度範囲で不活性ガス雰囲気中で加熱することで前記ニッケルめっき層の表面の酸化ニッケル膜を還元する工程と、
前記部材と被接合部材との間にはんだを配置する工程と、
前記部材、前記はんだ、前記被接合部材を200℃〜300℃未満の第2の温度範囲で還元ガス雰囲気中ではんだ接合する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とするはんだ付け方法。 - 前記ニッケルめっき層を無電解めっき処理で形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のはんだ付け方法。
- 前記第1の温度範囲が320℃〜360℃であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のはんだ付け方法。
- 前記不活性ガスが窒素ガスもしくはアルゴンガスであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のはんだ付け方法。
- 水素を含むニッケルめっき層を有するベース板を300℃〜400℃の第1の温度範囲で不活性ガス雰囲気中で加熱することで前記ニッケルめっき層の表面の酸化ニッケル膜を還元する工程と、
前記ベース板と絶縁回路基板の導電箔との間にはんだを配置する工程と、
前記ベース板、前記はんだ、前記絶縁回路基板を200℃〜300℃未満の第2の温度範囲で還元ガス雰囲気中ではんだ接合する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする半導体装置の製造方法。 - 前記ニッケルめっき層を無電解めっき処理で形成することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記第1の温度範囲が320℃〜360℃であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記導電箔がニッケルめっき層を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記不活性ガスが窒素ガスもしくはアルゴンガスであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記ベース板の材質が、銅、アルミニウム、AlSiCまたはMgSiCのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記絶縁回路基板が、セラミック板の両側に前記導電箔が固着した構成であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
- 前記導電箔が、銅箔であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法。
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| JP2013132701A JP6236915B2 (ja) | 2013-06-25 | 2013-06-25 | はんだ付け方法および半導体装置の製造方法 |
| US14/301,425 US9434028B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 | 2014-06-11 | Soldering method and method of manufacturing semiconductor device |
| CN201410260650.XA CN104253055B (zh) | 2013-06-25 | 2014-06-12 | 焊接方法及半导体装置的制造方法 |
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| WO2015132969A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 絶縁基板及び半導体装置 |
| CN110197909B (zh) | 2019-06-17 | 2021-05-25 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 镍铁催化材料、其制备方法及在电解水制氢气、制备液态太阳燃料中的应用 |
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| US4609565A (en) * | 1984-10-10 | 1986-09-02 | Mobil Solar Energy Corporation | Method of fabricating solar cells |
| JPS63166955A (ja) * | 1986-12-27 | 1988-07-11 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | はんだ寿命に優れたアルニミウム母材へのニツケルめつき方法 |
| JPH01201085A (ja) * | 1988-02-04 | 1989-08-14 | Japan Steel Works Ltd:The | 電子部品用銅張りセラミック基板の製造方法 |
| JPH051367A (ja) * | 1991-06-24 | 1993-01-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 電気・電子機器用銅合金材料 |
| JPH0569122A (ja) | 1991-09-10 | 1993-03-23 | Nagano Pref Gov | 水素チヤージ方式によるはんだ付方法 |
| US6021940A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 2000-02-08 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and apparatus for reflow soldering metallic surfaces |
| JP3077963B2 (ja) | 1995-07-14 | 2000-08-21 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 半導体装置用リードフレーム |
| JPH10163620A (ja) * | 1996-12-02 | 1998-06-19 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 電子部品のはんだ付け方法および装置 |
| JP4564113B2 (ja) * | 1998-11-30 | 2010-10-20 | 株式会社東芝 | 微粒子膜形成方法 |
| JP2000277642A (ja) * | 1999-03-24 | 2000-10-06 | Kyocera Corp | 光半導体素子収納用パッケージの製造方法 |
| JP3871472B2 (ja) * | 1999-07-13 | 2007-01-24 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | はんだ付け用Ni部材、電気部品と放熱部品の製造方法 |
| US6130479A (en) * | 1999-08-02 | 2000-10-10 | International Business Machines Corporation | Nickel alloy films for reduced intermetallic formation in solder |
| JP2002004082A (ja) | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | めっき膜およびこれを用いたはんだ付方法 |
| WO2003012833A2 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2003-02-13 | Li Logix, Inc., D/B/A Rd Automation | Process and apparatus for mounting semiconductor components to substrates and parts therefor |
| US6791845B2 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2004-09-14 | Fci Americas Technology, Inc. | Surface mounted electrical components |
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| CN104253055B (zh) | 2018-02-23 |
| JP2015008209A (ja) | 2015-01-15 |
| US9434028B2 (en) | 2016-09-06 |
| US20140374470A1 (en) | 2014-12-25 |
| CN104253055A (zh) | 2014-12-31 |
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