JP6236195B2 - 耐熱金属ホウ化物セラミック、及びそれを生産する方法 - Google Patents
耐熱金属ホウ化物セラミック、及びそれを生産する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
耐熱遷移金属ホウ化物(MB)は、知られている最も高い融解点(2600〜3900℃)のいくつかを、並びに、抜群の硬度、化学的不活性性、熱伝導性、耐摩耗性、電極触媒活性、及び中性子吸収能力をもまた有する。これらのセラミックの薄膜、繊維、及び粉末は、重合前駆体から生産されてきたが、大型の単一形状は、その重合的な手法を回避する。耐熱MBは、一般に、2000℃を超える温度での、ホットプレス焼結などの粉末冶金法により調整される。エネルギー及び時間集約型である本技術により生産された金属ホウ化物セラミックは、通常は、大型の粒状構造、及びMB粒子サイズにおける非一貫性に部分的には起因して、脆弱な材料となる。
この出願の発明に関連する先行技術文献情報としては、以下のものがある(国際出願日以降国際段階で引用された文献及び他国に国内移行した際に引用された文献を含む)。
(先行技術文献)
(特許文献)
(特許文献1) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0128399号明細書
(特許文献2) 米国特許第5,413,816号明細書
(特許文献3) 米国特許第5,937,932号明細書
(特許文献4) 米国特許第5,254,397号明細書
(特許文献5) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0255212号明細書
(特許文献6) 米国特許出願公開第2003/0143402号明細書
(特許文献7) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0043649号明細書
(特許文献8) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0232389号明細書
(特許文献9) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0148762号明細書
(特許文献10) 米国特許第8,158,094号明細書
(特許文献11) 米国特許第7,722,851号明細書
(特許文献12) 米国特許第4,937,101号明細書
(特許文献13) 米国特許第4,582,553号明細書
(特許文献14) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0202282号明細書
(特許文献15) 米国特許出願公開第2003/0006269号明細書
(特許文献16) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0048709号明細書
(特許文献17) 国際公開第94/20651号
(特許文献18) 米国特許出願公開第2004/0232389号明細書
(特許文献19) 米国特許出願公開第2007/0227299号明細書
(特許文献20) 米国特許第2,735,155号明細書
(特許文献21) 米国特許第2,936,250号明細書
(特許文献22) 米国特許第8,158,094号明細書
(特許文献23) 米国特許出願公開第2006/0057050号明細書
(特許文献24) 特開2008―266126号公報
(特許文献25) 特開平07―105955号公報
(特許文献26) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0065309号明細書
(特許文献27) 米国特許出願公開第2012/0052222号明細書
(特許文献28) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0030950号明細書
(特許文献29) 米国特許第7,273,509号明細書
(特許文献30) 米国特許出願公開第2014/0065387号明細書
(特許文献31) 米国特許第7,658,781号明細書
(特許文献32) 米国特許第6,051,167号明細書
(特許文献33) 米国特許第5,730,915号明細書
(特許文献34) 米国特許第5,980,853号明細書
(特許文献35) 米国特許第4,795,673号明細書
(特許文献36) 米国特許出願公開第2005/0238835号明細書
(特許文献37) 米国特許出願公開第2009/0170998号明細書
(特許文献38) 米国特許出願公開第2011/0200748号明細書
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Claims (35)
- 組成物であって、
耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子であって、前記ナノ粒子の平均直径が100nmより小さいナノ粒子と、
炭素質マトリックスと
を有し、
前記組成物が粉末の形態ではなく、前記組成物は少なくとも80重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有するものである、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子がホウ化チタンを有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子が、ホウ化ジルコニウム、ホウ化ハフニウム、ホウ化タングステン、またはホウ化タンタルを有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属が、IV〜VI族遷移金属、ニオブ、モリブデン、クロム、またはバナジウムである、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が少なくとも90重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が少なくとも99重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記炭素質マトリックスが、黒鉛炭素、炭素ナノチューブ、または無定形炭素を有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が、さらに、
前記耐熱金属の炭化物または窒化物を有するナノ粒子を有する、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が、さらに、
繊維、炭素繊維、セラミック繊維、または金属繊維を有する、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が20容量%よりも少ない空隙を含有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物を有する物品であって、前記物品が、全ての寸法において少なくとも1mmの最小サイズを有する、連続的な塊の固体の形態である、物品。
- 請求項11記載の物品において、前記物品の表面が前記耐熱金属の酸化物を有する、物品。
- 組成物であって、
耐熱金属のナノ粒子または粒子、及び
耐熱金属ナノ粒子へと分解可能な耐熱金属化合物
から選択される金属成分と、
ホウ素と、
少なくとも60重量%のチャー収率を有する有機化合物、及び
前記有機化合物から作られた熱硬化物質、
から選択される有機成分と
を有する、組成物。 - 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属がチタンである、組成物。
- 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属が、IV〜VI族遷移金属、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、タングステン、ニオブ、モリブデン、クロム、タンタル、またはバナジウムである、組成物。
- 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記金属成分が、
前記耐熱金属の塩、水素化物、カルボニル化合物、もしくはハロゲン化物、
前記耐熱金属の粒子、タングステン粉末、もしくはタンタル粉末、または
水素化チタン、水素化ジルコニウム、もしくは水素化ハフニウム
である、組成物。 - 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記有機化合物が、
炭素及び水素のみを含有する、
芳香族及びアセチレン基を含有する、
炭素、水素、及び窒素もしくは酸素のみを含有する、
酸素を含有しない、または
酸素以外のヘテロ原子を含有するものである、組成物。 - 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記有機化合物が、
1,2,4,5−テトラキス(フェニルエチニル)ベンゼンもしくはそのプレポリマー、4,4’−ジエチニルビフェニル、N,N’−(1,4−フェニレンジメチリジン)−ビス−(3−エチニルアニリン)、ジアニルフタロニトリル、またはレゾルシノールフタロニトリル、あるいはこれらのプレポリマーである、組成物。 - 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記金属成分及び前記有機成分が同じ化合物である、組成物。
- 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記ホウ素、及び前記耐熱金属化合物または耐熱金属の粒子が、前記熱硬化物質中に分散されている、組成物。
- 請求項13記載の組成物において、前記組成物が、繊維、炭素繊維、セラミック繊維、または金属繊維を有する、組成物。
- 方法であって、
耐熱金属ナノ粒子への分解または反応が可能な耐熱金属または耐熱金属化合物の粒子と、
ホウ素と、
少なくとも60重量%のチャー収率を有する有機化合物と
を前駆体混合物を形成するために組み合わせる工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項22記載の方法であって、さらに、
前記前駆体混合物を型または成形された反応装置へと配置する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項22記載の方法であって、さらに、
金属ナノ粒子組成物を形成するための耐熱金属ナノ粒子を形成するために、前記耐熱金属化合物または粒子の分解または反応を引き起こす温度において、不活性環境または真空中で前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項24記載の方法において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程が、熱硬化物質への前記有機化合物の重合化を引き起こす、方法。
- 請求項24記載の方法において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程が150〜600℃で実行される、方法。
- 請求項24記載の方法であって、さらに、
炭素質マトリックス中に耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子を有するセラミックの形成を引き起こす温度において、不活性環境、アルゴン、窒素、または真空中で前記金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項27記載の方法において、前記金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程が500〜1900℃で実行される、方法。
- 請求項27記載の方法において、前記金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程が、前記耐熱金属の炭化物または窒化物を有するナノ粒子の形成を引き起こす、方法。
- 請求項27記載の方法であって、さらに、
前記セラミックの表面に前記耐熱金属の酸化物を形成するために、酸素含有環境中で前記セラミックを加熱する工程を有する、方法。 - 方法であって、
耐熱金属ナノ粒子へと分解可能な耐熱金属または耐熱金属化合物の粒子、ホウ素、及び有機化合物の前駆体混合物を提供する工程と、
不活性環境または真空中で、高圧において、且つ金属ナノ粒子組成物を形成するための耐熱金属ナノ粒子を形成するために前記耐熱金属化合物の分解を引き起こす温度において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程と、
不活性環境、アルゴン、窒素、または真空中で、炭素質マトリックス中に耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子を有するセラミックの形成を引き起こす温度において、前駆金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程と
を有し、前記有機化合物が、前記高圧で加熱されるときに少なくとも60重量%のチャー収率を有する、方法。 - 組成物であって、
耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子を有し、
前記組成物が粉末の形態ではなく、前記組成物は少なくとも99重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有するものである、組成物。 - 請求項32記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子がホウ化ジルコニウムを有する、組成物。
- 請求項32記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属が、IV〜VI族遷移金属、チタン、ハフニウム、タングステン、タンタル、ニオブ、モリブデン、クロム、またはバナジウムである、組成物。
- 請求項32記載の組成物を有する物品であって、前記物品が、全ての寸法において少なくとも1mmの最小サイズを有する、連続的な塊の固体の形態である、物品。
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US61/669,201 | 2012-07-09 | ||
US201261693930P | 2012-08-28 | 2012-08-28 | |
US61/693,930 | 2012-08-28 | ||
US13/749,794 | 2013-01-25 | ||
US13/749,794 US8822023B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-01-25 | Refractory metal ceramics and methods of making thereof |
US13/768,219 US8865301B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-02-15 | Refractory metal boride ceramics and methods of making thereof |
US13/768,219 | 2013-02-15 | ||
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US4512946A (en) * | 1983-09-06 | 1985-04-23 | General Electric Company | Microcomposite of metal boride and ceramic particles |
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