JP2015521150A - 耐熱金属ホウ化物セラミック、及びそれを生産する方法 - Google Patents
耐熱金属ホウ化物セラミック、及びそれを生産する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
耐熱遷移金属ホウ化物(MB)は、知られている最も高い融解点(2600〜3900℃)のいくつかを、並びに、抜群の硬度、化学的不活性性、熱伝導性、耐摩耗性、電極触媒活性、及び中性子吸収能力をもまた有する。これらのセラミックの薄膜、繊維、及び粉末は、重合前駆体から生産されてきたが、大型の単一形状は、その重合的な手法を回避する。耐熱MBは、一般に、2000℃を超える温度での、ホットプレス焼結などの粉末冶金法により調整される。エネルギー及び時間集約型である本技術により生産された金属ホウ化物セラミックは、通常は、大型の粒状構造、及びMB粒子サイズにおける非一貫性に部分的には起因して、脆弱な材料となる。
Claims (41)
- 組成物であって、
耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子と、
炭素質マトリックスと
を有し、
前記組成物が粉末の形態ではない、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子がホウ化チタンを有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子が、ホウ化ジルコニウム、ホウ化ハフニウム、ホウ化タングステン、またはホウ化タンタルを有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属が、IV〜VI族遷移金属、ニオブ、モリブデン、クロム、またはバナジウムである、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が少なくとも5重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が少なくとも99重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子の平均直径が100nmより小さい、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記炭素質マトリックスが、黒鉛炭素、炭素ナノチューブ、または無定形炭素を有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が、さらに、
前記耐熱金属の炭化物または窒化物を有するナノ粒子を有する、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が、さらに、
繊維、炭素繊維、セラミック繊維、または金属繊維を有する、組成物。 - 請求項1記載の組成物において、前記組成物が20容量%よりも少ない空隙を含有する、組成物。
- 請求項1記載の組成物を有する物品であって、前記物品が、全ての寸法において少なくとも1mmの最小サイズを有する、連続的な塊の固体の形態である、物品。
- 請求項12記載の物品において、前記物品の表面が前記耐熱金属の酸化物を有する、物品。
- 組成物であって、
耐熱金属のナノ粒子または粒子、及び
耐熱金属ナノ粒子へと分解可能な耐熱金属化合物
から選択される金属成分と、
ホウ素と、
少なくとも60重量%のチャー収率を有する有機化合物、及び
前記有機化合物から作られた熱硬化物質、
から選択される有機成分と
を有する、組成物。 - 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属がチタンである、組成物。
- 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属が、IV〜VI族遷移金属、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、タングステン、ニオブ、モリブデン、クロム、タンタル、またはバナジウムである、組成物。
- 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記金属成分が、
前記耐熱金属の塩、水素化物、カルボニル化合物、もしくはハロゲン化物、
前記耐熱金属の粒子、タングステン粉末、もしくはタンタル粉末、または
水素化チタン、水素化ジルコニウム、もしくは水素化ハフニウム
である、組成物。 - 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記有機化合物が、
炭素及び水素のみを含有する、
芳香族及びアセチレン基を含有する、
炭素、水素、及び窒素もしくは酸素のみを含有する、
酸素を含有しない、または
酸素以外のヘテロ原子を含有するものである、組成物。 - 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記有機化合物が、
1,2,4,5−テトラキス(フェニルエチニル)ベンゼンもしくはそのプレポリマー、4,4’−ジエチニルビフェニル、N,N’−(1,4−フェニレンジメチリジン)−ビス−(3−エチニルアニリン)、ジアニルフタロニトリル、またはレゾルシノールフタロニトリル、あるいはこれらのプレポリマーである、組成物。 - 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記金属成分及び前記有機成分が同じ化合物である、組成物。
- 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記ホウ素、及び前記耐熱金属化合物または耐熱金属の粒子が、前記熱硬化物質中に分散されている、組成物。
- 請求項14記載の組成物において、前記組成物が、繊維、炭素繊維、セラミック繊維、または金属繊維を有する、組成物。
- 方法であって、
耐熱金属ナノ粒子への分解または反応が可能な耐熱金属または耐熱金属化合物の粒子と、
ホウ素と、
少なくとも60重量%のチャー収率を有する有機化合物と
を前駆体混合物を形成するために組み合わせる工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項23記載の方法であって、さらに、
前記前駆体混合物を型または成形された反応装置へと配置する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項23記載の方法であって、さらに、
金属ナノ粒子組成物を形成するための耐熱金属ナノ粒子を形成するために、前記耐熱金属化合物または粒子の分解または反応を引き起こす温度において、不活性環境または真空中で前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項25記載の方法において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程が、熱硬化物質への前記有機化合物の重合化を引き起こす、方法。
- 請求項25記載の方法において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程が150〜600℃で実行される、方法。
- 請求項25記載の方法であって、さらに、
炭素質マトリックス中に耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子を有するセラミックの形成を引き起こす温度において、不活性環境、アルゴン、窒素、または真空中で前記金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項28記載の方法において、前記金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程が500〜1900℃で実行される、方法。
- 請求項28記載の方法において、前記金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程が、前記耐熱金属の炭化物または窒化物を有するナノ粒子の形成を引き起こす、方法。
- 請求項28記載の方法であって、さらに、
前記セラミックの表面に前記耐熱金属の酸化物を形成するために、酸素含有環境中で前記セラミックを加熱する工程を有する、方法。 - 方法であって、
耐熱金属ナノ粒子へと分解可能な耐熱金属または耐熱金属化合物の粒子、ホウ素、及び有機化合物の前駆体混合物を提供する工程と、
不活性環境または真空中で、高圧において、且つ金属ナノ粒子組成物を形成するための耐熱金属ナノ粒子を形成するために前記耐熱金属化合物の分解を引き起こす温度において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程と、
不活性環境、アルゴン、窒素、または真空中で、炭素質マトリックス中に耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子を有するセラミックの形成を引き起こす温度において、前駆金属ナノ粒子組成物を加熱する工程と
を有し、前記有機化合物が、前記高圧で加熱されるときに少なくとも60重量%のチャー収率を有する、方法。 - 組成物であって、
耐熱金属ホウ化物のナノ粒子を有し、
前記組成物が粉末の形態ではない、組成物。 - 請求項33記載の組成物において、前記ナノ粒子がホウ化ジルコニウムを有する、組成物。
- 請求項33記載の組成物において、前記耐熱金属が、IV〜VI族遷移金属、チタン、ハフニウム、タングステン、タンタル、ニオブ、モリブデン、クロム、またはバナジウムである、組成物。
- 請求項33記載の組成物において、前記組成物が少なくとも99重量%の前記ナノ粒子を有する、組成物。
- 請求項33記載の組成物を有する物品において、前記物品が、全ての寸法において少なくとも1mmの最小サイズを有する、連続的な塊の固体の形態である、物品。
- 組成物であって、
耐熱金属のナノ粒子または粒子、及び
耐熱金属ナノ粒子への分解が可能である耐熱金属化合物
から選択される金属成分と、
ホウ素と
を有する、組成物。 - 方法であって、
耐熱金属ナノ粒子への分解または反応が可能な耐熱金属または耐熱金属化合物の粒子を、前駆体混合物を形成するためにホウ素と組み合わせる工程と、
不活性環境または真空中で、前記耐熱金属のホウ化物を有するナノ粒子の形成を引き起こす温度において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程と
を有する、方法。 - 請求項39記載の方法であって、さらに、
加熱前に、前記前駆体混合物を型または成形された反応装置へと配置する工程を有する、方法。 - 請求項39記載の方法において、前記前駆体混合物を加熱する工程が500〜1900℃で実行される、方法。
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US13/749,794 | 2013-01-25 | ||
US13/749,794 US8822023B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-01-25 | Refractory metal ceramics and methods of making thereof |
US13/768,219 US8865301B2 (en) | 2012-01-26 | 2013-02-15 | Refractory metal boride ceramics and methods of making thereof |
US13/768,219 | 2013-02-15 | ||
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