JP6216489B2 - 新規の、効力のあるタペンタドール剤形 - Google Patents
新規の、効力のあるタペンタドール剤形 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6216489B2 JP6216489B2 JP2011534509A JP2011534509A JP6216489B2 JP 6216489 B2 JP6216489 B2 JP 6216489B2 JP 2011534509 A JP2011534509 A JP 2011534509A JP 2011534509 A JP2011534509 A JP 2011534509A JP 6216489 B2 JP6216489 B2 JP 6216489B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- tapentadol
- dosage form
- group
- pain
- hours
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Description
本出願は、2008年10月30日出願の米国特許仮出願第61/197625号、2009年1月21日出願の第61/205312号、及び2009年6月15日出願の第61/268630号の優先権を主張し、これらすべては参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
タペンタドール塩酸塩、Eudragit、及びETHOCELをブレンダで合わせてブレンドする。十分にブレンドした混合物に、粉砕したステアリルアルコールを添加し、内容物を完全に混合し、押出機に供給し、その後ペレット製造機に供給した。ペレットをスクリーニングし、ふるいにかけて、必要とされるタペンタドールペレットを得る。並行して、同様の手順に従って、ナルトレキソンペレットを調製した。所要量のタペンタドールペレット及びナルトレキソンペレットを充填することによって、タペンタドール及びナルトレキソンを含む最終カプセルを調製した。
(実施例2)
コアの調製;タペンタドールHCl及びコロイド状二酸化ケイ素を混合し、1.0mmのスクリーンに通した。ポリビニルアルコールを精製水に溶解した。混合したタペンタドールHClとコロイド状二酸化ケイ素粉末を、流動層造粒機(Glatt GPCG1)において、ポリビニルアルコールの水溶液を用いて造粒し、その後乾燥した。粒状化後、顆粒をフマル酸ステアリルナトリウムとブレンドし、1.0mmのスクリーンに通した。次いで、Manesty Betapressを用いて、ブレンドを錠剤コアに圧縮した。
実施例2に従って製剤化された、徐放性タペンタドール及び少なくとも1種の医薬賦形剤を含む錠剤を、以下の表4の条件通り、10メッシュUSPバスケット装置を用いて溶出プロファイルに関して評価した。
(実施例3)
プレガバリン組み合わせ
ナプロキセン組み合わせ
徐放性タペンタドール塩酸塩及びナプロキセンを含む組み合わせは、標準的な粒状化及びコーティング方法を用いて、2つの段階で製造した。段階Iでは、タペンタドール塩酸塩をコアに製剤化し、それをさらに徐放性コートで被覆して、徐放性タペンタドールコアを得た。段階IIでは、上で調製した被覆徐放性タペンタドール塩酸塩コアを、ナプロキセンを含む即放性層で被覆した。詳細を以下に示す。
コアの調製:タペンタドールHClを微結晶性セルロース及びコロイド状二酸化ケイ素、並びに充填剤の1種又は混合物と混合し、ポリビニルピロリドン又はポリビニルアルコールを含む結合剤溶液を用い、当分野で知られている適切な方法を用いて粒状化する。粒状化されたタペンタドール塩酸塩を乾燥し、スクリーニングした。これをさらに、流動促進剤を含むか又は含まない水素添加植物油を用いて潤滑にする。潤滑にしたブレンドを、圧縮機を用いて錠剤に圧縮する。
(実施例5)
層1:
タペンタドールHCl 100mg
微結晶性セルロース 10〜25%
ポリビニルアルコール 3〜5%
エチルセルロース(5〜20cp) 10〜20%
ヒドロキシエチルセルロース 5〜15%
コロイド状二酸化ケイ素 2〜5%
フマル酸ステアリルナトリウム 1〜2%
層2:
ナルトレキソン塩酸塩 1mg
微結晶性セルロース 5〜20%
ポビドン 10〜15%
クロスカルメロースナトリウム 5〜10%
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 0.5〜2%
(実施例6)
(実施例7)
(実施例8)
投与方法
十分に制御された5つのヒト臨床試験を用いて、本発明の目的を確立した。これらの試験は、1)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを対象に併用することによって、対象において痛みを治療する方法、2)少なくとも1つの形態の徐放性タペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む固定用量合剤を対象に投与することによって、対象において痛みを治療する方法、3)徐放性タペンタドール、及びナプロキセン又はプレガバリンなどの少なくとも1種の追加薬物、及びオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む固定剤形を対象に投与することによって、対象において痛みを治療する方法、4)メチルナルトレキソンの最適濃度を確認するために、3つの異なる用量濃度のメチルナルトレキソン及びタペンタドールを含む組み合わせを投与する方法を確立した。すべての試験は、タペンタドールの鎮痛効力を増強し、さらに有害副作用を軽減する組み合わせの有効性を評価するために行った。
試験1:ナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、及びナルメフェンと組み合わせたタペンタドールによるヒトの処置
グループ 薬物 被験者数(N)
試験2:ナルトレキソン、ナロキソン、及びナルメフェンと組み合わせた徐放性タペンタドールによるヒトの処置
グループ 薬物 被験者数(N)
グループ1 プラセボとプラセボ 51
グループ2 SRT(50mg)とプラセボ 49
グループ3 SRT(50mg)とナロキソン(N1)(0.1mg) 53
グループ4 SRT(50mg)とナルトレキソン(N2)(0.1mg) 50
グループ5 SRT(50mg)とナルメフェン(N3)(0.1mg) 52
6群 実施例7(SRT(50mg)とナルトレキソン(N2)(1mg)×2 52
同じ臨床試験方法を用いて、最初に試験に参加した182人のうち試験を完了した158人のヒト患者において、徐放性タペンタドール、及びナプロキセン(実施例4)、及びタペンタドールの鎮痛効力を増強し、タペンタドールの有害副作用を軽減するのに有効な量のナルトレキソン(N2)を含む固定用量合剤を被験者に投与することによって、被験者において痛みを治療する方法を確立した。この試験に用いた5つの処置群を以下に記載する。
この試験は、二重盲検、無作為化、プラセボ対照、2期間交差デザインであった。12時間後、170人の糖尿病患者(2型糖尿病を有する男性90人、女性80人、年齢[平均±標準誤差]61.7±1.6歳、糖尿病罹患期間8.8±1.5年、痛み性神経障害期間2.2±0.4年)は、グループ1(プラセボ+プラセボ)、グループ2(Tap100mg+P250mg)+プラセボ)、グループ3(Tap100mg+P250mg)+ナルトレキソン(N2)(0.01mg)、グループ4(Tap100mg+P250mg)+ナルトレキソン(N2)(0.1mg)、グループ5(Tap100mg+P250mg)+ナルトレキソン(N2)(1mg)のいずれかを受けるように、無作為に分けられた。参加者のうち、154人の患者が成功裡に試験を完了した。視覚的アナログスケール(VAS)を用い、2時間ごとに痛み及び他の感覚性症状を評価した。患者の特徴を表4に示す。
本発明を確立するために、Nectidは、304人の痛み患者を含むヒト臨床試験を行い、そのうちの253人の患者が試験を完了した。患者は、タペンタドール単独、又は3つの異なる用量0.01、0.1、及び1.0mgのナルトレキソンと組み合わせたタペンタドールを投与された。陽性コントロール及び陰性コントロールと比較して、タペンタドールと様々な用量のメチルナルトレキソン塩酸塩の併用組み合わせの鎮痛有効性を測定した。そのような組み合わせの便秘に対する影響も測定した。
本発明は、以下の代表的な臨床試験の結果によって例示される。示される図表は例示のために示されるに過ぎず、本発明の範囲を決して限定しない。当業者はオピオイドアゴニスト及びアンタゴニストを用いて、容易に試験を改変することができる。
尚、本発明はさらに下記の実施の態様も含みます:
(1)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、前記アンタゴニストが、タペンタドールの有効性を改善するか及び/又はタペンタドールの副作用を低減する剤形。
(2)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む剤形を対象 (subject)に投与することを含む、対象において痛みを治療する方法であって、前記アンタゴニストが、タペンタドールの有効性を改善するか及び/又はタペンタドールの副作用を低減する方法。
(3)タペンタドールが、最適量又は準最適量(suboptimal amount)で存在し、前記アンタゴニストが、タペンタドールの有効性を改善するか及び/又はタペンタドールの副作用を低減するのに有効な量で存在する、上記(2)に記載の方法。
(4)前記剤形が、ヒト患者に投与されたとき、有効な痛み軽減を少なくとも12時間提供する、上記(1)に記載の剤形。
(5)前記剤形が、ヒト患者に投与されたとき、有効な痛み軽減を24時間まで提供する、上記(1)に記載の剤形。
(6)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、その用量が、USP TypeIIパドル装置において、SGF/SIF組み合わせ900ml中、100rpm、37℃で測定されたとき、2時間後に約8%のタペンタドールが放出され、4時間後に約22%のタペンタドールが放出され、8時間後に約48%のタペンタドールが放出され、12時間後に約70%のタペンタドールが放出され、16時間後に約78%のタペンタドールが放出され、20時間後に少なくとも80%のタペンタドールが放出される溶出プロファイルを示す剤形。
(7)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む剤形を対象に投与することを含む、対象において痛みを治療する方法であって、その用量が、USP TypeIIパドル装置において、SGF/SIF組み合わせ900ml中、100rpm、37℃で測定されたとき、2時間後に約8%のタペンタドールが放出され、4時間後に約22%のタペンタドールが放出され、8時間後に約48%のタペンタドールが放出され、12時間後に約70%のタペンタドールが放出され、16時間後に約78%のタペンタドールが放出され、20時間後に少なくとも80%のタペンタドールが放出される溶出プロファイルを示す方法。
(8)アンタゴニストが、ナロキソン、ナルトレキソン、ナルメフェン、メチルナルトレキソン、ナリド、ナルメキソン、ナロルフィン、ナルブフィン、ハロペリドール、プロメタジン、フルフェナジン、ぺルフェナジン、レボメプロマジン、チオリダジン、ペラジン、クロルプロマジン、クロルプロチキセン、ズクロペンチキソール、フルペンチキソール、プロチペンジル、ゾテピン、ベンペリドール、ピパンペロン、メルペロン、及びブロムペリドールからなる群から選択される、上記(1)又は(3)又は(5)又は(6)又は(7)に記載の剤形。
(9)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、その剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じる有害事象プロファイルより良好な有害事象プロファイルを生じる剤形。
(10)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、その剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じるものより、めまい感又はめまいの発生が少ない剤形。
(11)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、その剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じるものより、吐気の発生が少ない剤形。
(12)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、その剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じるものより、嘔吐の発生が少ない剤形。
(13)最適量又は準最適量の少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドールを含む剤形であって、その剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じるものより、頭痛の発生が少ない剤形。
(14)最適量又は準最適量の少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドールを含む剤形であって、その剤形が、約25から約800mgの1つの形態のタペンタドールを含む剤形。
(15)投与経路が、経口、舌下、筋肉内、皮下、口腔、静脈内、又は経皮である、上記(2)又は(4)又は(8)に記載の方法。
(16)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール及び少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む医薬キット。
(17)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール、少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニスト、及び少なくとも1種の追加薬物を含む剤形であって、前記アンタゴニストが、タペンタドールの有効性を改善するか及び/又はタペンタドールの副作用を低減する剤形。
(18)少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール、少なくとも1種のオピオイドアンタゴニスト、及び少なくとも1種の追加薬物を含む剤形を投与することを含む、対象において痛みを治療する方法であって、前記アンタゴニストが、タペンタドールの有効性を改善するか及び/又はタペンタドールの副作用を低減する方法。
(19)前記第2鎮痛薬が、NSAID、アセトアミノフェン、GABA類似体、セロトニンノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤(SNRI)、一酸化窒素供与型シクロオキシゲナーゼ(COX)阻害剤、HTアゴニスト、及びプロトンポンプ阻害薬、トラマドール、ヒドロモルホン、ファキセラドール、アキソマドール、オキシコドン、ヒドロコドン、フェンタニル、モルヒネ、医薬的に許容されるそれらの塩、及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、上記(18)に記載の剤形。
(20)前記第2鎮痛薬が、NSAID、アセトアミノフェン、GABA類似体、セロトニンノルエピネフリン再取り込み阻害剤(SNRI)、一酸化窒素供与型シクロオキシゲナーゼ(COX)阻害剤、HTアゴニスト、及びプロトンポンプ阻害薬、トラマドール、ヒドロモルホン、ファキセラドール、アキソマドール、オキシコドン、ヒドロコドン、フェンタニル、モルヒネ、医薬的に許容されるそれらの塩、及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、上記(19)に記載の方法。
(21)前記アンタゴニストが、ナロキソン、ナルトレキソン、ナルメフェン、メチルナルトレキソン、ナリド、ナルメキソン、ナロルフィン、ナルフィン、ハロペリドール、プロメタジン、フルフェナジン、ぺルフェナジン、レボメプロマジン、チオリダジン、ペラジン、クロルプロマジン、クロルプロチキセン、ズクロペンチキソール、フルペンチキソール、プロチペンジル、ゾテピン、ベンペリドール、ピパンペロン、メルペロン、及びブロムペリドールからなる群から選択される、上記(18)に記載の剤形。
Claims (4)
- 少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール、及びナロキソン及びナルトレキソンからなる群から選択されるオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む剤形であって、タペンタドールは徐放形態にあり、そしてその剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じる有害事象プロファイルより改善された、めまい感、頭痛、吐気及び嘔吐からなる群から選択される有害事象プロファイルを生じる剤形。
- 前記剤形が、経口、舌下又は口腔投与用である、請求項1記載の剤形。
- 少なくとも1つの形態のタペンタドール、及びナロキソン及びナルトレキソンからなる群から選択されるオピオイドアンタゴニストを含む痛みの治療用剤形であって、タペンタドールは徐放形態にあり、そしてその剤形が投与されると、アンタゴニストを含まない剤形の投与によって生じる有害事象プロファイルより改善された、めまい感、頭痛、吐気及び嘔吐からなる群から選択される有害事象プロファイルを生じる剤形。
- 前記剤形が、経口、舌下又は口腔投与用である、請求項3記載の剤形。
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