JP6129235B2 - テトラサイクリン化合物の塩および多型体 - Google Patents
テトラサイクリン化合物の塩および多型体 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6129235B2 JP6129235B2 JP2015076659A JP2015076659A JP6129235B2 JP 6129235 B2 JP6129235 B2 JP 6129235B2 JP 2015076659 A JP2015076659 A JP 2015076659A JP 2015076659 A JP2015076659 A JP 2015076659A JP 6129235 B2 JP6129235 B2 JP 6129235B2
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Description
本出願は、35 U.S. C. 119(e)の下で、2008年5月23日に提出された同時係属中の米国特許仮出願第61/128,712号に対する優先権の恩典を主張し、その全内容は、参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
テトラサイクリン抗生物質の開発は、殺菌および/または静菌組成物を産生することができる微生物の証拠を求めて、世界の多くの地域から収集された土壌標本を系統立ってスクリーニングした、直接の結果であった。これらの新規化合物の最初のものは、クロルテトラサイクリンの名称で1948年に紹介された。2年後、オキシテトラサイクリンが利用できるようになった。これらの化合物の化学構造の解明によりその類似性が確認され、1952年にこのグループの第3のメンバーであるテトラサイクリンを産生するための分析的基礎がもたらされた。初期のテトラサイクリンに存在した環付着メチル基を有しない新規テトラサイクリン化合物ファミリーが1957年に調製され、1967年に市販されるようになり;1972年にはミノサイクリンが用いられるようになった。
(4S,4AS,5AR,12AS)-4-7-ビス(ジメチルアミノ)-9{[(2,2-ジメチルプロピル)アミノ]メチル}-3,10,12,12A-テトラヒドロキシ-1,11-ジオキソ-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-オクタヒドロテトラセン-2-カルボキサミド(9-(2,2-ジメチル-プロピル-アミノメチル)-ミノサイクリン)の、結晶形態などの安定な固体状形態に関する。
[本発明1001]
下記化合物1の結晶形態:
。
[本発明1002]
下記化合物1のトシレート塩:
。
[本発明1003]
本発明1002の塩の結晶形態。
[本発明1004]
図8に記載されるパターンと実質的に類似のX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする、本発明1003の結晶形態の多型体。
[本発明1005]
Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に約8.06、13.02、および18.83°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする、本発明1004の多型体。
[本発明1006]
Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に約8.06、11.41、13.02、18.83、20.54、および24.53°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする、本発明1004の多型体。
[本発明1007]
Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に約5.60、8.06、8.57、11.41、13.02、15.58、18.83、20.54、および24.53°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする、本発明1004の多型体。
[本発明1008]
下記化合物1のトシレート塩をイソプロパノールから結晶化することによって得られる、本発明1004の多型体:
。
[本発明1009]
第一の溶媒または溶媒の混和物に化合物1の遊離塩基を溶解して、第一の溶液を形成する段階;
第二の溶媒または溶媒の混和物にp-トルエンスルホン酸を溶解して、第二の溶液を形成する段階;および
第一の溶液と第二の溶液とを混和して、第三の溶液を形成する段階
を含む、下記化合物1の安定な結晶トシレート塩を調製する方法:
。
[本発明1010]
第一の溶媒または溶媒混和物と第二の溶媒または溶媒混和物とが同一であるかまたは異なる、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1011]
第一の溶媒混和物と第二の溶媒混和物が各々独立してアルコール溶媒の混和物である、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1012]
各々の溶媒混和物が、独立して2種類のアルコール溶媒の混和物である、本発明1011の方法。
[本発明1013]
2種類のアルコール溶媒がエタノールおよびイソプロパノールである、本発明1012の方法。
[本発明1014]
エタノールおよびイソプロパノールの容積対容積比が2:1である、本発明1013の方法。
[本発明1015]
各々の溶媒混和物がアルコール溶媒およびアンチソルベントを含む、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1016]
アルコール溶媒がメタノールである、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1017]
アンチソルベントがケトン、エーテル、およびエステルから選択される、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1018]
エーテルがメチル-t-ブチルエーテルである、本発明1017の方法。
[本発明1019]
各々の溶媒混和物がメタノールおよびメチル-t-ブチルエーテルを含む、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1020]
メタノールおよびメチル-t-ブチルエーテルの容積対容積比が1:1.2である、本発明1019の方法。
[本発明1021]
p-トルエンスルホン酸が化合物1の量に対して25〜75重量%の量で提供される、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1022]
p-トルエンスルホン酸がp-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物の形態で提供される、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1023]
化合物1の1型多型体トシレート塩を第三の溶液に添加して第四の溶液を形成する段階をさらに含む、本発明1009の方法。
[本発明1024]
第四の溶液が攪拌時にスラリーを形成する、本発明1023の方法。
[本発明1025]
スラリーを乾燥させる段階をさらに含む、本発明1024の方法。
[本発明1026]
本発明1009の方法に従って得られる、下記化合物1のトシレート塩の多型体:
。
[本発明1027]
本発明1003の結晶塩と、薬学的に許容される希釈剤、賦形剤、または担体とを含む、薬学的組成物。
[本発明1028]
本発明1004の多型体と、薬学的に許容される希釈剤、賦形剤、または担体とを含む、薬学的組成物。
[本発明1029]
多型体が純粋な形態で存在する、本発明1028の薬学的組成物。
テトラサイクリン型抗生物質化合物は、固相の遊離塩基形態での安定性が限られていることが長い間知られている。そのような非結晶形態のテトラサイクリン類似体化合物の1つである(4S,4AS,5AR,12AS)-4-7-ビス(ジメチルアミノ)-9{[(2,2-ジメチルプロピル)アミノ]メチル}-3,10,12,12A-テトラヒドロキシ-1,11-ジオキソ-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-オクタヒドロテトラセン-2-カルボキサミド(化合物1;MW=556.66、MF=C29H40N4O7)は、空気、光、および/または水分に曝露されると固相において安定性が限られる。
(4S,4AS,5AR,12AS)-4-7-ビス(ジメチルアミノ)-9{[(2,2-ジメチルプロピル)アミノ]メチル}-3,10,12,12A-テトラヒドロキシ-1,11-ジオキソ-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-オクタヒドロテトラセン-2-カルボキサミド
化合物1はテトラサイクリン化合物である。「テトラサイクリン化合物」という用語には、テトラサイクリンと類似の環構造を有する多くの化合物が含まれる。テトラサイクリン化合物の例には次のものが含まれる:テトラサイクリン、クロルテトラサイクリン、オキシテトラサイクリン、デメクロサイクリン、メタサイクリン、サンサイクリン、ドキシサイクリン、およびミノサイクリン。
1つの局面において、本発明は、化合物1の特定の薬学的に許容される塩の結晶形態を提供する。本発明のこの局面は、化合物1の塩酸、メシレートおよびトシレート塩の結晶形態を提供する:
(4S,4AS,5AR,12AS)-4-7-ビス(ジメチルアミノ)-9{[(2,2-ジメチルプロピル)アミノ]メチル}-3,10,12,12A-テトラヒドロキシ-1,11-ジオキソ-1,4,4A,5,5A,6,11,12A-オクタヒドロテトラセン-2-カルボキサミド。
本発明はまた、化合物1の多型体も提供する。ある態様において、本発明の多型体は、化合物1のトシレート塩の多型体である。
9-(アミノメチル)-ミノサイクリン二塩酸塩(200 mg、1等量)、DMF、およびトリメチルアセトアルデヒド(45μL、1等量)を40 mLフラスコにおいて混和して撹拌した。次に、トリエチルアミン(150μL、3等量)を加えた。室温で数分間撹拌後、NaBH(OAc)3(175 mg、2等量)およびInCl3(9 mg、0.1等量)を加えた。1時間後、反応物は透明で赤色であった。液体クロマトグラフィーにより、反応の1つの産物が示された。反応をメタノールによって停止させて、溶媒を除去し、産物をカラムクロマトグラフィーを用いて精製した。
化合物の低pH水溶液を極性の有機溶媒勾配でHPLCに注入する段階、および化合物が精製されるように産物分画を混和する段階によって、化合物1をクロマトグラフィーによって精製した。適した酸性移動相を選択することによってプロセスの安定性および選択性が増強された。有機および無機の酸性移動相は、pH制御または酸の選択を通して、エピマー不純物が含まれる副産物および近くに溶出する副産物を分離するために有効であった。酸性移動相はまた、化合物の酸化的分解を防いだ。
本発明はまた、結晶化合物1の多型体形態を調製する方法にも関する。
さらなる態様において、本発明は、本発明のテトラサイクリン化合物(たとえば、本発明の方法によって合成または精製される)またはその薬学的に許容される塩、プロドラッグ、もしくはエステルを含む薬学的組成物に関する。薬学的組成物は、薬学的に許容される担体を含んでもよい。
本発明はまた、状態が処置されるように、本発明に従う化合物1またはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む組成物の有効量を対象に投与することによって、対象におけるテトラサイクリン応答状態を処置するための方法にも関する。
実施例1:9-アルキルアミノメチルミノサイクリンの合成
塩酸ミノサイクリン(化合物2)を、無水メチルスルホン酸またはトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸などの類似の水スカベンジャー酸と共にメチルスルホン酸またはフッ化水素酸に溶解した。N-ヒドロキシメチルフタルイミドを反応混合物に添加した。反応が完了するまで混合物を20〜35℃で撹拌した。酸溶液を氷/水混合物に加えると、トリフリン酸塩を容易に沈殿させて、濾過および収集することができる。固体をアセトンに再度溶解して、塩基によって中性pHにした。水を添加することによって産物を沈殿させた。トリフリン酸がスカベンジャーとして存在する場合、産物は中和しなくとも沈殿しうる。産物はビスおよびトリスアルキル化産物の混合物として単離された。この反応物の単離された材料を所望のビス比(90%)で濃縮した。
粗9-(2',2'-ジメチルプロピルアミノメチル)ミノサイクリンの遊離塩基(40 g)を緩衝液A(0.1%メタンスルホン酸水溶液−MSA)150 mLに溶解して、pHをMSAによって2〜3に調整した。
化合物1(13 g)をアセトン(300 mL)に溶解して、濾過し、濾紙をさらにアセトンによって洗浄した。合わせた濾液および洗浄液を5℃に冷却した。合わせた濾液および洗浄液に、濃HCl(3.9 mL)のアセトン溶液(79 mL)を激しく撹拌しながら徐々に添加した。得られたスラリーを氷浴中で15分間撹拌して濾過した。
25 mLの三頚フラスコに不活性な窒素雰囲気下でイソプロパノール(IPA)3 mLを充填した。化合物1の非晶質の遊離塩基225 mgをフラスコに添加することによってスラリーを調製した。スラリーを45℃の温度まで加温した。次に、メタンスルホン酸水和物(98.0 mg)をスラリーに添加した。スラリーを45℃で1時間撹拌した後、22℃に冷却すると、濃厚な結晶スラリーを産生した。スラリーを濾過してIPA(2×1 mL)によって洗浄した。一定の重量を達成するために、55℃で2時間より長く乾燥させることによって、過剰量のIPAを結晶ケークから除去した。化合物1の結晶メシレート(メタンスルホン酸)塩(180 mg)を単離した。結晶メシレート塩は5℃で不安定であることが決定された。
5 Lの三頚フラスコに不活性窒素雰囲気下でイソプロパノール(IPA)2.0 Lを充填した。化合物1の非晶質の遊離塩基289 gをフラスコに添加することによってスラリーを調製した。p-トルエンスルホン酸水和物(97.0 g)のIPA溶液(400 mL)をスラリーに添加した。水(9 mL)を添加することによってスラリー上清の水分含有量を0.6 g/Lに調整し、スラリーを20〜25℃で18時間撹拌して、濃厚な結晶スラリーを産生した。スラリーを濾過してIPA(2×500 mL)によって洗浄した。ケークの中に乾燥窒素を24時間吹き付けることによって過剰量のIPAを結晶ケークから除去した。3重量パーセント(重量%)のIPAを含有する固体に関して、ケークの中に湿潤窒素を相対湿度70〜75%で24時間吹き付けることによって、ケークをさらに乾燥させた。ケークは、0.9重量%IPAを保持したが、これはこの方法によってさらに低減されなかった。ケークの中に乾燥窒素を24時間吹き付けることによって過剰量の水をケークから除去した。化合物1のトシレート塩がオレンジ色の粉末(337 g)として単離された。化合物1の単離されたトシレート塩は、唯一の観察された形態を有する結晶であった:X線粉末回折(XPRD)および熱重量測定(TG)分析によって決定した場合に、非化学量論的な半水和物。
5 Lの三頚フラスコに不活性窒素雰囲気下で、メタノール1.7 Lおよびメチル-t-ブチルエーテル1.7 Lを充填した。p-トルエンスルホン酸一水和物(209 g)および化合物1の非晶質の遊離塩基(556 g)を撹拌しながらフラスコに添加することによって、透明な溶液を得た。化合物1のモノトシレート塩の種結晶量(3 g)を添加して結晶化を開始させて、さらなる量のメタノール(0.1 L)およびメチル-t-ブチルエーテル(0.5 L)を添加した。得られたスラリーを約20℃で22時間撹拌して濃厚な結晶スラリーを産生した。スラリーを濾過してメタノール1.1 Lとメチル-t-ブチルエーテル1.3 Lの混合物によって洗浄した後、メチル-t-ブチルエーテル(2×2.4 L)によって洗浄した。化合物1のトシレート塩がオレンジ色の粉末として単離された。ケークの中に乾燥窒素を24時間吹き付けることによって結晶ケークから過剰量の溶媒を除去した。次に、固体が約6重量パーセント(重量%)の溶媒を含有するまで、ケークを約30℃の真空下で乾燥させた。固体が3重量パーセント(重量%)未満の溶媒を含有するまで、約45℃の真空下でケークをさらに乾燥させた。化合物1の単離されたトシレート塩は、X線粉末回折(XPRD)によって決定した場合に観察された1型を有する結晶であった。
化合物1の単離されたトシレート塩のXRPDパターンは、5.6、8.0、8.6、11.4、13.0、15.5、18.8、20.4、および24.5°の2θ値を含んだ。
X線粉末回折パターンをCu Kα線照射(40 kV、40 mA)を用いて、θ-θゴニオメータ、発散V20および受光スリット、グラファイト二次モノクロメータおよびシンチレーションカウンターを用いてSiemens D5000回折計において収集した。認定されたCorundum標準(NIST 1976)を用いて、機器の性能をチェックした。データ収集のために用いたソフトウェアは、Diffrac Plus XRD Commander v2.3.1であり、データをDiffrac Plus EVA v 11,0.0.2またはv 13.0.0.2を用いて分析および表示した。
角度の範囲:2〜42°2θ
ステップサイズ:0.05°2θ
収集時間:4秒/ステップ
高分解能X線粉末回折パターンをCu Kα線照射(40 kV、40 mA)、自動XYZステージ、自動試料配置のためのレーザービデオ顕微鏡、およびHiStar 2次元領域検出器を用いて、Bruker AXS C2 GADDS回折計において収集した。X線光学系は、0.3 mmのピンホールコリメータに連結させた1つのGobel多層膜ミラーからなる。
様々な温度および/または湿度条件に曝露した場合の、各々の塩に関する高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)不純物プロフィールの変化をモニターすることによって、化合物1のトシレート塩およびメシレート塩について安定性試験を行った。各試料を密封容器に入れて、制御された次の3つの環境に曝露した:冷蔵(5℃)、20℃で60%相対湿度、および40℃で75%相対湿度。2週間後、結晶トシレート塩は、化合物1の最も安定な結晶形態であると決定された。結晶トシレート塩の安定性試験を継続した。
光安定性試験を化合物1のトシレート塩について行った。2つの試料を透明なガラスペトリ皿において調製した。1つの試料をアルミニウムホイルで覆って対照試料とした。双方の試料をES 2000 Enviromental Light 10チャンバーに入れて、12キロルクスのクールホワイト蛍光に全体で47時間曝露した。試料をHPLC不純物プロフィール法によって分析し、結果を表10に要約する。
当業者は、本明細書において記述される具体的態様および方法に対する多くの同等物を、ルーチンにすぎない実験を用いて認識または確認することができるであろう。そのような同等物は以下の特許請求の範囲に包含されることが意図される。
Claims (20)
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、図8に記載されるパターンに相当するX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に8.06、13.02、および18.83°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に8.06、11.41、13.02、18.83、20.54、および24.53°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に5.60、8.06、8.57、11.41、13.02、15.58、18.83、20.54、および24.53°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、図9に記載されるパターンに相当するX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に11.88、および16.12°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に7.82、11.88、16.12、および21.46°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に7.82、11.88、12.68、16.12、18.63、21.46、および23.74°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、図10に記載されるパターンに相当するX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に5.11、8.89、10.34、11.76、および15.60°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に5.11、8.89、10.34、11.76、13.70、14.81、および15.60°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 化合物1のトシレート塩の結晶形態が、Cu Kα線照射を用いた場合に5.11、および15.60°2θでのピークを含むX線粉末回折パターンを特徴とする多型体である、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 薬学的に許容される希釈剤、賦形剤、または担体をさらに含む、請求項1記載の組成物。
- 多型体が純粋な形態で存在する、請求項2〜13のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- テトラサイクリン応答状態が細菌感染症である、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項記載の組成物。
- 細菌感染症が、グラム陽性細菌に関連する、請求項16記載の組成物。
- 細菌感染症が、グラム陰性細菌に関連する、請求項16記載の組成物。
- 細菌感染症が、肺炎桿菌(K. pneumoniae)、サルモネラ(Salmonella)、腸内連鎖球菌(E. hirae)、アシネトバクター・バウマニイ(A. baumanii)、カタル球菌(B. catarrhalis)、インフルエンザ菌(H. influenzae)、緑膿菌(P. aeruginosa)、エンテロコッカス・フェシウム(E.faecium)、大腸菌、黄色ブドウ球菌、またはエンテロコッカス・フェカーリスに関連する、請求項16記載の組成物。
- 細菌感染症が、他のテトラサイクリン抗生物質化合物に対して抵抗性である、請求項16記載の組成物。
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