JP6127350B2 - 電気車両用充放電装置 - Google Patents
電気車両用充放電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0069—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
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- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/24—Using the vehicle's propulsion converter for charging
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/16—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to fault current to earth, frame or mass
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/20—AC to AC converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
- B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
- B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Description
図1,2に示すように、電力系統5に分電盤(例えば、住宅用分電盤)6が接続され、分電盤6を介して負荷(例えば、住宅内の電気機器など)7及び本実施形態の電気自動車用充放電装置(以下、充放電装置と略す。)が電力系統5に接続されて給電される。
本実施形態の充放電装置は、図3,4に示すように接地線12とケーブル2の接地線22とを択一的に接地する切換スイッチ14が電力変換装置1に設けられている点に特徴がある。ただし、切換スイッチ14以外の構成については実施形態1と共通であるから、共通の構成要素には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
本実施形態の充放電装置は、図5,6に示すようにインピーダンス素子11A,11B及に代えてインピーダンス素子11が電力変換部10の直流側の負極端子と切換接点14Aとの間に挿入され、インピーダンス素子31A,31Bに代えてインピーダンス素子31が接地線22と蓄電池40の負極の間に挿入されている。
図7,8に示すように、電力系統5に分電盤(例えば、住宅用分電盤)6が接続され、分電盤6を介して負荷(例えば、住宅内の電気機器など)7及び本実施形態の電気自動車用充放電装置(以下、充放電装置と略す。)が電力系統5に接続されて給電される。
本実施形態の充放電装置は、図9,10に示すように接地線12とケーブル2の接地線22とを択一的に接地する切換スイッチ14が電力変換装置1Aに設けられている点に特徴がある。ただし、切換スイッチ14以外の構成については実施形態4と共通であるから、共通の構成要素には同一の符号を付して説明を省略する。
本実施形態の充放電装置は、図11,12に示すようにインピーダンス素子11A,11Bに代えてインピーダンス素子11が電力変換部10Aの非電力系統側の他方の端子と切換接点14Aとの間に挿入され、インピーダンス素子31A,31Bに代えてインピーダンス素子31が接地線22と充放電回路部43の他方の端子の間に挿入されている。
Claims (13)
- 外部回路と電気車両に設けられる蓄電池部の一対の電源端子との間に介在され、前記外部回路と前記蓄電池部との間で電力の変換を行う電力変換手段と、
前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子の少なくとも一方を前記電力変換手段が接続される接地点に接続する接地手段と、
前記電力変換手段と前記蓄電池部との間の給電路において地絡が発生しているか否かを判定する地絡検出手段と、
前記地絡検出手段が前記給電路において地絡が発生していると判定すると前記蓄電池部を前記給電路から切り離す開閉手段と、
切換手段と、
を備え、
前記接地手段は、前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子の少なくとも一方を前記接地点に接続する接地線を有し、
前記切換手段は、前記蓄電池部の充電時には前記接地線を前記接地点から切り離し、前記蓄電池部の放電時には前記接地線を前記接地点に接続するとともに前記電力変換手段を前記接地点から切り離すように構成される
ことを特徴とする電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記接地手段は、前記給電路において地絡が発生した場合に、前記一対の電源端子の一方に流れる電流と他方に流れる電流との間に差が生じるように、前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子の少なくとも一方を前記接地点に接続するように構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記接地手段は、前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子間に接続された2つのインピーダンス要素の直列回路を有し、
前記接地線は、前記2つのインピーダンス要素の接続点を前記接地点に接続するように構成され、
前記2つのインピーダンス要素は、同じインピーダンス値を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記電力変換手段を前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子に接続するケーブルをさらに備え、
前記接地手段および前記地絡検出手段は、前記ケーブルに設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記電力変換手段を前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子に接続するケーブルと、
前記電気車両に設けられているレセプタクルコネクタに挿抜自在に接続されるプラグコネクタと、
をさらに備え、
前記ケーブルは、一端で前記電力変換手段に接続され、他端で前記プラグコネクタに接続され、
前記接地手段および前記地絡検出手段は、前記プラグコネクタに設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記電力変換手段を前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子に接続するケーブルをさらに備え、
前記地絡検出手段は、前記ケーブルに設けられ、
前記接地手段は、前記電気車両に設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記接地手段および前記地絡検出手段は、前記電気車両に設けられる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記地絡検出手段は、前記一対の電源端子の一方に流れる電流と他方に流れる電流との差が所定のしきい値を越えていれば、前記給電路に地絡が発生したと判断するように構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記電力変換手段は、前記外部回路からの電力を所定の第1電力に変換して前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子に供給する第1変換処理と、前記蓄電池部の前記一対の電源端子からの電力を所定の第2電力に変換して前記外部回路に供給する第2変換処理と、を実行するように構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記外部回路は、交流電源に接続された交流回路であり、
前記蓄電池部は、蓄電池を有し、
前記一対の電源端子は、前記蓄電池の正極と負極であり、
前記電力変換手段は、前記外部回路と前記蓄電池部との間で交流電力と直流電力との変換を行うAC/DCコンバータを備える
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記外部回路は、交流電源に接続された交流回路であり、
前記蓄電池部は、蓄電池と、前記一対の電源端子を備える充放電手段と、を有し、
前記充放電手段は、前記一対の電源端子を通じて得た交流電力で前記蓄電池を充電する充電処理と、前記蓄電池からの電力を交流電力に変換して前記一対の電源端子から出力する放電処理とを実行するように構成され、
前記電力変換手段は、前記外部回路と前記蓄電池部との間で交流電力の変換を行う絶縁型のAC/ACコンバータを備える
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記電気車両は、前記蓄電池部を前記給電路から切り離すための開閉器を備え、
前記開閉手段は、前記地絡検出手段が前記給電路において地絡が発生していると判定すると前記開閉器を制御して前記蓄電池部を前記給電路から切り離すように構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。 - 前記充放電手段は、前記蓄電池を前記給電路から切り離すための開閉器を備え、
前記開閉手段は、前記地絡検出手段が前記給電路において地絡が発生していると判定すると前記開閉器を制御して前記蓄電池を前記給電路から切り離すように構成される
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の電気車両用充放電装置。
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PCT/JP2012/075188 WO2013051484A1 (ja) | 2011-10-03 | 2012-09-28 | 電気車両用充放電装置 |
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