JP6121348B2 - めっきの前処理方法、記憶媒体およびめっき処理システム - Google Patents
めっきの前処理方法、記憶媒体およびめっき処理システム Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title description 50
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 105
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 46
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 22
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002094 self assembled monolayer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013545 self-assembled monolayer Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910020515 Co—W Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000252506 Characiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910003087 TiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tioxidazole Chemical compound CCCOC1=CC=C2N=C(NC(=O)OC)SC2=C1 HLLICFJUWSZHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
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Description
まず、基板2に対して親水化処理が施される。親水化処理は、UV(紫外線)照射処理、プラズマ酸化処理、SPM処理(ピラニア洗浄)等の任意の公知の方法により実施することができる。この親水化処理により、基板表面が、後述するカップリング剤が結合しやすい状態になる。親水化処理がSPM処理により行われる場合には、SPM処理の後にDIW(純水)によるリンス処理が施される。
次に、シランカップリング剤を、凹部2aの内側表面を含む基板の表面に吸着させてシラン系結合層21a(図1(a)参照)を形成するシランカップリング処理が行われる。
次に、チタンカップリング剤を、凹部の内側表面を含む基板の表面に吸着させてチタン系結合層21b(図1(b)を参照)を形成するチタンカップリング処理が行われる。「チタン系結合層」とは、チタンカップリング剤由来の自己組織化単分子膜からなる層であって、当該層の下地と上層との間に介在して両者の結合を強化する層である。
チタンカップリング処理が終了したら、チタンカップリング剤の第1の焼成処理を行う。この第1の焼成処理は、低酸素雰囲気例えば窒素ガス雰囲気で基板を加熱することにより行うことができる。具体的には、例えば、図3(c)に概略的に示した構成を有する第1の焼成処理部として機能する加熱装置(ベーク装置)50を用い、窒素ガス雰囲気にされた処理チャンバ51内に設けた載置台52の上に基板2を載置し、載置台52の内部に設けたヒータ53により基板2を例えば100℃程度に加熱する。この第1の焼成処理により、チタン系結合層21bが下地と上層との間に介在して両者の結合を強化するができる。
次にシラン系結合層21aおよびチタン系結合層21bとからなる結合層21表面に改質液を供給して処理する。
次に結合層改質処理が終了したら、第2の焼成処理を行う。この第2の焼成処理は、第1の焼成処理と同様、低酸素雰囲気例えば窒素ガス雰囲気で基板を加熱することにより行うことができる。具体的には、例えば、図3(c)に概略的に示した構成を有する第2の焼成処理部として機能する加熱装置(ベーク装置)50を用い、窒素ガス雰囲気にされた処理チャンバ51内に設けた載置台52の上に基板2を載置し、載置台52の内部に設けたヒータ53により基板2を例えば100℃程度に加熱する。この第2の焼成処理により、チタン系結合層21bの表面の改質処理が終了する。この第2の焼成処理を行うことで、結合層改質処理の効果をさらに高めることができ、その後の触媒粒子含有膜形成処理において、チタン系結合層21bの表面に確実かつ安定して金属触媒粒子を付着させることができる。
次に、金属触媒粒子としてのPdナノ粒子(Pd−NPs)と、Pdナノ粒子を被覆する分散剤としてのポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)を溶媒中に分散させてなるPdナノコロイド溶液、すなわち触媒粒子溶液を基板に供給して、触媒粒子含有膜形成処理を行う。
触媒粒子含有膜形成処理が終了したら、加熱処理を行う。加熱処理は、真空(減圧)雰囲気または窒素ガス雰囲気で基板2を加熱することにより行うことができる。具体的には、例えば、例えば図3(c)に概略的に示す構成を有する加熱処理部として機能する加熱装置50を用いて、真空(減圧)雰囲気にした処理チャンバ51内(窒素ガスは供給しないで、真空引きするだけ)において、基板2を載置台52の上に載置して、基板2を100℃〜280℃程度の温度で加熱することにより加熱処理を行うことができる。加熱処理を行うことにより、触媒粒子含有膜22が下地の結合層21に強固に結合した状態となる。
第2加熱処理が終了したら、図2(c)に示すように、公知の無電解めっき技術により、Co−W系の(コバルト及びタングステンを含むもの)バリア層23を形成する。このとき、触媒粒子は、無電解めっきの触媒として作用する。
バリア層形成処理が終了したら、図2(d)に示すように、公知の無電解めっき技術により、バリア層23の上にCuシード層24を形成する。
シード層形成処理が終了したら、公知の電解めっき技術により、図2(e)に示すように、Cuシード層24の上にCu金属膜25を形成し、このCu金属膜25により凹部2aを完全に埋め込む。
本実施例において、基板を改質液中に浸漬させて、チタン系結合層の改質状況を確認した。
1. DHFで5秒以上浸漬すると、CoWB金属膜の緻密性が向上する事が確認できた。基板界面から40nm以下のCoWB柱状層が形成されるが、その上に60nm程度の連続層CoWBが積層される事を確認した。DHF処理した基板ではPd個数が7200個/um2となっており、表面を改質することによりPd個数が確実に付着していた。
2. TMAHで改質した場合、基板界面から40−50nm程度の柱状層が形成され、その上に50−60nm程度の連続層が積層された。
2a 凹部
21 結合層
21a シラン系結合層
21b チタン系結合層
22 触媒粒子含有膜
23 バリア層
24 Cuシード層
25 Cu金属膜
Claims (5)
- 基板を準備する工程と、
チタンカップリング剤を用いて、前記基板の表面に、チタン系結合層を形成するとともに、前記チタン系結合層表面に凹凸形状が形成される結合層形成工程と、
前記チタン系結合層表面をDHFからなるフッ酸系液またはTMAHからなるアルカリ系液を含む改質液で洗浄することにより、前記凹凸形状の突起状部分を除去し、前記チタン系結合層表面を平坦形状に改質する結合層改質工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする、めっきの前処理方法。 - 前記結合層形成工程と前記結合層改質工程との間に、前記基板を焼成する第1の焼成工程が行われることを特徴とする請求項1記載のめっきの前処理方法。
- 前記結合層改質工程の後に、前記基板を焼成する第2の焼成工程が行われることを特徴とする請求項2記載のめっきの前処理方法。
- 前記結合層改質工程の後に、前記チタン系結合層表面に、金属触媒粒子を付着させる工程をさらに備えたことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載のめっきの前処理方法。
- めっき処理システムにめっきの前処理方法を実行させるためのコンピュータプログラムを格納した記憶媒体において、
前記めっきの前処理方法は、
基板を準備する工程と、
チタンカップリング剤を用いて、前記基板の表面に、チタン系結合層を形成するとともに、前記結合層表面に凹凸形状が形成される結合層形成工程と、
前記チタン系結合層表面をDHFからなるフッ酸系液またはTMAHからなるアルカリ系液を含む改質液で洗浄することにより、前記凹凸形状の突起状部分を除去し、前記チタン系結合層表面を平坦形状に改質する結合層改質工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする、記憶媒体。
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