JP6114035B2 - 肺癌検出用唾液バイオマーカー - Google Patents
肺癌検出用唾液バイオマーカー Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、全体として参照により本明細書に援用される2010年2月10日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/303,205号に対する優先権を主張する。
本発明は、アメリカ国立衛生研究所(National Institutes of Health)から交付される助成金番号第DE016275号に基づく連邦政府の支援を受けて行われた。連邦政府は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
肺癌の早期発見は、より平易な治療(より小規模な手術、より軽い放射線療法又は化学療法)及び生存の向上に有望である。従来のスクリーニング(CT、X線、喀痰細胞診)は、感度及び特異性が望ましいとはいえない。従って肺癌の検出には、非侵襲的に採取された検体を使用してバイオマーカーを同定する高感度アッセイが理想的である。
CCNI(サイクリンI)(配列番号1)、EGFR(上皮成長因子受容体)(配列番号2)、FGF9(線維芽細胞成長因子19)(配列番号3)、GREB1タンパク質(配列番号4)、LZTS(ロイシンジッパー、推定抑制因子I)(配列番号5)、BRAF(v−rafマウス肉腫ウイルス癌遺伝子ホモログB1(配列番号6)、FRS2(線維芽細胞成長因子受容体基質2)(配列番号7)、ANXA1(アネキシンA1)(配列番号8)、Hp2(ハプトグロビン2)(配列番号8)、亜鉛α2−糖タンパク質(配列番号9)、ポルフィロモナス・カトニエ(Porphyromonas catoniae)16S rRNA、カンピロバクター・ショウアエ(Campylobacter showae)16S rRNA、ストレプトコッカス・サリバリス(Streptococcus salivaris)16S rRNA、カンピロバクター・レクタス(Campylobacter rectus)16S rRNA、ベイヨネラ・パルブラ(Veillonella parvula)16S rRNA、キゲラ・オラリス(Kigella oralis)16S rRNA、グラニュリカテラ・アディアセンス(Granulicatella adiacens)16S rRNAは、本明細書に記載される参照核酸又はアミノ酸配列によってコードされるポリペプチドに対して、好ましくは少なくとも約25、50、100、200、500、1000のアミノ酸、又はそれ以上のアミノ酸の領域にわたり、約60%より高いアミノ酸配列同一性、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、好ましくは91%、92%、93%、94%、95%、96%、97%、98%又は99%又はそれ以上のアミノ酸配列同一性を有するアミノ酸配列を有する核酸、例えば、遺伝子、DNA、mRNA前駆体、mRNA、及びポリペプチド、多型変異体、対立遺伝子、突然変異体、及び種間相同体を指す。本発明の核酸及びタンパク質には、天然に存在する分子又は組換え分子の双方が含まれる。核酸配列又はタンパク質配列は、例えば配列番号1〜9に提供される。
バイオマーカーは、疫学的研究、動物試験、病態生理学的考察、及び終末器官実験を起源とし得る。理想的には、バイオマーカーは、有意味な転帰尺度について高い予測性をもつ値を有し、適切に設計された予測試験で検証することができるか又は検証され、代用マーカーの結果が対応して変化することにより治療の成功を反映し、及び診療において評価が容易なものでなければならない。
本明細書に記載されるバイオマーカーの任意の組み合わせを使用してバイオマーカーパネルが構築され、これは本明細書に記載されるとおり検出又は測定される。当該技術分野において一般的に理解されるとおり、組み合わせとは、セット全体又はその任意の部分的なセット若しくは部分的な組み合わせを指し得る。用語「バイオマーカーパネル」、「バイオマーカープロファイル」、又は「バイオマーカーフィンガープリント」は、一組のバイオマーカーを指す。本明細書で使用されるとき、これらの用語は、測定される任意の形態のバイオマーカーを指すことができる。従って、CCNIがバイオマーカーパネルの一部である場合、CCNIの例えばmRNA、又は例えばタンパク質のいずれも、そのパネルの一部と見なすことができる。個々のバイオマーカーは診断用薬として有用であるが、バイオマーカーの組み合わせは時に、一つのバイオマーカー単独と比べて特定の状態の決定においてより高い価値をもたらし得る。具体的には、試料中において複数のバイオマーカーを検出することで、試験の感度及び/又は特異性が増加し得る。従って、様々な実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、又はそれ以上の種類のバイオマーカーを含み得る。様々な例示的実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは最小数のバイオマーカーからなり、最大量の情報を生成する。従って、様々な実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは、1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、又はそれ以上の種類のバイオマーカーからなる。バイオマーカーパネルが一組のバイオマーカー「からなる」場合、その一組のもの以外のバイオマーカーは存在しない。例示的実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは、本明細書に開示される1種のバイオマーカーからなる。様々な実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは、本明細書に開示される2種のバイオマーカーからなる。様々な実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは、本明細書に開示される3種のバイオマーカーからなる。様々な実施形態において、バイオマーカーパネルは、本明細書に開示される4種以上のバイオマーカーからなる。
バイオマーカーは、概して、当業者に公知の様々なアッセイ、方法及び検出システムによって測定及び検出することができる。用語「測定する」、「検出する」、又は「測定値をとる」は、実体の特性の定量的又は定性的決定、例えば、分子の濃度の大きさ又は分子の活性レベルを定量化することを指す。用語「濃度」又は「レベル」は絶対量又は相対量を指し得る。分子の測定はまた、分子の非存在又は存在を決定することも含み得る。種々の方法には、限定はされないが、屈折率分光法(RI)、紫外分光法(UV)、蛍光分析、電気化学分析、放射化学分析、近赤外分光法(近IR)、赤外(IR)分光法、核磁気共鳴分光法(NMR)、光散乱分析(LS)、質量分析法、熱分解質量分析法、比濁法、分散ラマン分光法、ガスクロマトグラフィー、液体クロマトグラフィー、質量分析法と組み合わせたガスクロマトグラフィー、質量分析法と組み合わせた液体クロマトグラフィー、質量分析法と組み合わせたマトリックス支援レーザー脱離イオン化飛行時間法(MALDI−TOF)、質量分析法と組み合わせたイオンスプレー分光法、キャピラリー電気泳動法、比色法及び表面プラズモン共鳴(Biacore Life Sciencesにより提供されるシステムによるなど)が含まれる。国際公開第2004/056456号及び国際公開第2004/088309号もまた参照のこと。これに関して、バイオマーカーは上述の検出方法を用いて、又は当業者に公知の他の方法を用いて測定することができる。他のバイオマーカーも同様に、それを検出するように特別に設計又は適合された試薬を使用して検出することができる。
本発明の組成物及び方法は、対象における疾患の予後判定、診断及び治療に使用することができる。本発明は、対象からの試料中におけるバイオマーカーを測定するための臨床検査及びポイントオブケア検査用組成物及び方法を提供する。本発明は、概して数多くの異なる疾患に適用することができる。例示的実施形態において、疾患は肺癌である。
様々な例示的実施形態において、治療を遂行する工程は、疾患修飾性薬物を対象に投与することを含む。対象は、測定されるバイオマーカーの変化したレベルが、疾患に罹患していない集団、病期若しくは型の重篤性がより低い疾患を患っている集団、又は疾患修飾性薬物による処置の結果として疾患バイオマーカーの改善を示す集団において測定されるベースライン値に戻るまで、1つ以上の疾患修飾性薬物で治療され得る。加えて、バイオマーカー又は臨床パラメータのレベルの変化に関連する改善は、疾患修飾性薬物による処置の結果であり得る。
実務者により選択される治療は、試料において決定されるバイオマーカーの濃度に依存し得る。様々な例示的実施形態において、治療は、各バイオマーカーに特有のある範囲のカテゴリーのうちどのカテゴリーに各バイオマーカーの濃度測定値が該当するかに依存する。様々な例示的実施形態において、治療は、バイオマーカーパネルにより示される異なる症状又は疾患リスクレベルの組み合わせに依存する。
唾液採取
刺激されていない全唾液試料を、既に確立されているプロトコルによって採取した。対象には、採取前の少なくとも30分間は食事、飲酒、喫煙、又は口腔清掃行為を控えるよう依頼した。口紅は拭き取り、及び対象は普通の水で口を1回ゆすいだ。典型的には、患者は約5〜10mlの唾液を提供した。次に試料を4℃で15分間、2,600gで遠心した。次に上清を使用時まで−80℃で保存した。留意すべきこととして、唾液試料1mlにつき、1μlのアプロチニン、10μlのPMSF(フェニルメタンスルホニルフルオリド)及び3μlのオルトバナジウム酸ナトリウム(全てSigma, St. Louis, Mo.からのもの)を含むプロテアーゼ阻害薬カクテルを添加した。
330μlの唾液上清から、MagMax(商標)ウイルスRNA単離キット(Ambion, Austin, TX)を使用してRNAを単離した。このプロセスは、KingFisher(登録商標)mL技術(Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA)を使用して自動化し、続いてTURBO(商標)DNアーゼ処理(Ambion, Austin, TX)により混入しているDNAを除去した。90μlの(100μlから)抽出したRNAを11μlに濃縮し、RiboAmp(登録商標)RNA増幅キット(Molecular Devices, Sunnyvale, CA)を使用して線形増幅した。精製後、cDNAを転写し、インビトロ転写標識用GeneChip(登録商標)Expression 3’-Amplification試薬(Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA)を使用してビオチン化した。続いて約20μgの標識されたRNAを、Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Arrayを使用してGeneChip(登録商標)分析にかけた。チップハイブリダイゼーション及び走査を実施した。
全データベースのCELファイルを、Bioconductor 2.2(ハイパーテキスト転送プロトコル://www.bioconductor.orgを使用して統計R 2.7.0(ハイパーテキスト転送プロトコル://www.r-project.org)にインポートした。各マイクロアレイデータセットについてバックグラウンド補正及び分位数正規化(quantile normalization)を行った後、Probe Logarithmic Intensity Error Estimation(PLIER)発現尺度を計算した。全試料にわたるプローブセットレベルでの分位数正規化を実行し、全データセット間でエフェクトサイズが同様になるようにした。最後に、プローブセット毎に2標本t検定を適用して発現差異を特定した。各プローブセットの推定量及びp値を得た後、偽発見率(FDR)について各プローブセットのp値を補正した。0.05のFDRレベルで、及び癌エフェクトサイズを、癌と正常試料との間の変化が>2倍として、遺伝子を選択した。
マイクロアレイプロファイリングにより生成されたバイオマーカー候補を、マイクロアレイ分析に使用したものと同じ試料セットに関してリアルタイム定量RT−PCR(qPCR)によるさらなるスクリーニングに供した。これを達成するため、逆転写酵素及び遺伝子特異的プライマーを使用して、以下の熱サイクリング条件を用いて全RNAを逆転写した:60℃で1分間、50℃で30分間、95℃で2分間、続いて95℃で15秒間、50℃で30秒間、72℃で10秒間を15サイクル。これらの工程に続いて72℃で5分間の最終伸長を行い、次に4℃に冷却した。事前増幅産物をExoSAP-IT(USB Corporation)を用いて清浄にし、水で1/40希釈した。2μlのcDNAをqPCRに使用した。
タンパク質の単離及び分析
10人の健康対照被験者及び10人の肺癌被験者から唾液を採取し、4℃で15分間、2600gで遠心した。10人の健康対照被験者及び10人の肺癌被験者からの唾液上清をプールして、プロテオームプロファイリング用の対照試料及び癌試料を形成した。プールした唾液試料中の250μgのタンパク質をメタノール沈殿させ、次に2−D細胞溶解緩衝液(30mMのトリス−HCl、pH8.8、7Mの尿素、2Mのチオ尿素及び4%CHAPS界面活性剤を含有)に再懸濁した。肺癌及び対照の各プール試料の全タンパク質を、それぞれシアニン色素Cy2及びCy5で標識した。次に2つの標識した試料セットを組み合わせ、二次元ディファレンスゲル電気泳動に供した。標識した試料を負荷後、等電点電気泳動法(IEF)(pH3〜10)を、Amersham BioSciencesにより提供されるプロトコルに従い実行した。IPGストリップをSDS−ゲル泳動緩衝液でリンスした後、13.5%SDS−ゲルに移した。色素の前縁がゲルからはみ出るまで、SDS−ゲルを15℃で泳動した。SDS−PAGEの直後にTyphoon TRIO(商標)(Amersham BioSciences)を使用してゲル画像を走査した。タンパク質発現レベルのフォールドチェンジをゲル内DeCyder(商標)分析から得た。
4つのタンパク質(アネキシンA1、ハプトグロビンHP2、インターロイキン1受容体拮抗薬、亜鉛α2−糖タンパク質)。市販のELISAキットによりカルプロテクチンを検証した。癌群及び対照におけるハプトグロビンHP2、亜鉛α2−糖タンパク質及びカルプロテクチンの分布は、それぞれ0.00903、0.05、及び0.048のp値で有意差を示す。
10人の健康対照被験者及び10人の肺癌被験者から唾液を採取し、4℃で15分間、2600gで遠心した。上清をデカントし、ペレットをDNA単離に使用した。
日常的に歯の手入れを行っている患者を来院時にスクリーニングする。例えば、62歳の女性患者であって喫煙歴を有する者に対し、口内検査前に唾液試料の提供を依頼する。唾液試料を採取して、ポイントオブケアで分析するか、或いは参照試験所による分析に出す。本発明のバイオマーカー及び任意選択により他のバイオマーカーについて唾液試料が試験される。分析の結果は歯科医療従事者に提供され、肺癌を有するかどうかに関して患者に通知される。
Claims (9)
- 対象からの唾液試料を分析して前記対象の肺癌を検出する方法であって、
a)前記対象からの唾液試料を、当該唾液試料中におけるCCNI、GREB1、及びFRS2を含む少なくとも3種のバイオマーカーを特異的に検出するアッセイで分析する工程と、
b)前記バイオマーカーが前記試料において対照と違いを有して発現するか否かを決定し;それにより肺癌状態を提供する工程と、
を含む方法。 - 前記アッセイが、少なくとも1種のバイオマーカーをコードする核酸を検出し、前記核酸が、質量分析、PCR、マイクロアレイハイブリダイゼーション、熱的シーケンシング、キャピラリーアレイシーケンシング、又は固相シーケンシングにより検出される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記アッセイが、少なくとも1種のバイオマーカーのポリペプチドを検出し、前記ポリペプチドが、ELISA、ウエスタンブロット、フローサイトメトリー、免疫蛍光法、免疫組織化学、又は質量分析により検出される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 対象に対する治療の効力を評価する方法であって、
(a)前記対象からの第1の唾液試料を、第1の唾液試料におけるCCNI、GREB1、及びFRS2を含む少なくとも3種のバイオマーカーを特異的に検出するアッセイで分析し、それにより第1の発現プロファイルを提供する工程と、
(b)治療を受けた前記対象からの第2の唾液を、第2の唾液試料におけるCCNI、GREB1、及びFRS2を含む少なくとも3種のバイオマーカーを特異的に検出するアッセイで分析し、それにより第2の発現プロファイルを提供する工程と、
(c)前記第1の発現プロファイルと前記第2の発現プロファイルとを比較し、それにより治療の効力を評価する工程と、
を含む方法。 - 固体担体を含むキットにおいて、前記固体担体が、CCNI、GREB1、及びFRS2を含む少なくとも3種のバイオマーカーに対して選択的な捕捉結合プローブを含む、キット。
- 第1の固体担体及び第2の固体担体を含むキットにおいて、前記第1の固体担体が、CCNI、GREB1、及びFRS2を含む少なくとも3種のバイオマーカーに対して選択的な捕捉結合プローブを含み、及び前記第2の固体担体が、ANXA1、ハプトグロビンHp2、亜鉛α2−糖タンパク質、カルプロテクチンに対する捕捉結合リガンドを含む、キット。
- 前記捕捉結合リガンドが抗体である、請求項6に記載のキット。
- CCNI、GREB1、及びFRS2を含む少なくとも3種のバイオマーカーを選択的に増幅するための1つ以上のプライマーを含むキットであって、前記プライマーの各々が、任意選択により検出可能な標識を含む、キット。
- 対象からの唾液試料を分析して前記対象の肺癌を検出する方法であって、
a)前記対象からの唾液試料を、前記唾液試料中において少なくとも17種のバイオマーカーを特異的に検出するアッセイで分析する工程であって、前記少なくとも17種のバイオマーカーが、CCNI、EGFR、FGF19、GREB1、LZTS1、BRAF、FRS2、ANXA1、ハプトグロビンHp2、亜鉛α2−糖タンパク質、カルプロテクチン、ポルフィロモナス・カトニエ(Porphyromonas catoniae)16S rRNA、カンピロバクター・ショウアエ(Campylobacter showae)16S rRNA、ストレプトコッカス・サリバリス(Streptococcus salivaris)16S rRNA、カンピロバクター・レクタス(Campylobacter rectus)16S rRNA、ベイヨネラ・パルブラ(Veillonella parvula)16S rRNA、キゲラ・オラリス(Kigella oralis)16S rRNA、及びグラニュリカテラ・アディアセンス(Granulicatella adiacens)16S rRNAからなる群から選択される、工程と、
b)前記少なくとも17種のバイオマーカーが前記試料において対照と違いを有して発現するか否かを決定し;それにより肺癌状態を提供する工程と、
を含む方法。
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JP (1) | JP6114035B2 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN102906275A (ja) |
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ES2402457B2 (es) * | 2011-10-19 | 2014-01-20 | Universidade De Vigo | Procedimiento para el diagnóstico de derrame pleural maligno mediante la determinación de la concentración de calprotectina en líquido pleural. |
US20150008314A1 (en) * | 2012-01-26 | 2015-01-08 | The Cleveland Clinic Foundation | Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for cancer |
CN105765383B (zh) | 2013-10-28 | 2018-04-10 | 唾液科技有限公司 | 胰腺癌用唾液生物标记物以及使用了胰腺癌用唾液生物标记物的胰腺癌的诊断方法 |
US10072303B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-09-11 | Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research | Methods and materials for treating endometrial cancer |
US20170191118A1 (en) * | 2014-06-03 | 2017-07-06 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Non-Invasive Gene Mutation Detection in Lung Cancer Patients |
WO2016097769A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Aberystwyth University | A method for diagnosing lung cancer |
CN104894269B (zh) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-03-02 | 广东省人民医院 | 基于MassARRAY质谱平台Iplex分析的肺癌基因谱检测试剂盒 |
EP3403093A4 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2019-08-07 | Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of Arizona State University | PLASMATIC AUTO-ANTIBODY BIOMARKERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CANCER |
WO2017210662A1 (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-12-07 | Castle Biosciences, Inc. | Methods for predicting risk of recurrence and/or metastasis in soft tissue sarcoma |
CN106526187B (zh) * | 2016-09-13 | 2018-04-13 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种基于Annexin A1蛋白的白血病检测试剂盒 |
DE202017007364U1 (de) | 2016-12-16 | 2021-02-11 | The Brigham And Women's Hospital Inc. | Anordnung markierter Sensorelemente zum Erfassen unterschiedlicher Proteine, die unterschiedliche Sensorelemente binden |
US20210072255A1 (en) | 2016-12-16 | 2021-03-11 | The Brigham And Women's Hospital, Inc. | System and method for protein corona sensor array for early detection of diseases |
KR101833503B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-03-05 | 주식회사 엠디헬스케어 | 만성폐쇄성폐질환자에서 세균 메타게놈 분석을 통한 폐암 진단방법 |
KR101833348B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-03-02 | 주식회사 엠디헬스케어 | 세균 메타게놈 분석을 통한 유방암 진단방법 |
KR101940426B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-01-18 | 주식회사 엠디헬스케어 | 세균 메타게놈 분석을 통한 대장종양 진단 방법 |
CN107202773B (zh) * | 2017-06-01 | 2019-07-05 | 重庆大学 | 一种利用聚苯乙烯球的细胞周期散射光强模型建立方法 |
WO2019038761A1 (en) | 2017-08-21 | 2019-02-28 | Savicell Diagnostic Ltd. | METHODS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF LUNG CANCER |
CN108070656B (zh) * | 2017-11-13 | 2021-11-09 | 深圳华大因源医药科技有限公司 | 肺癌标志物及其应用 |
CN108333375B (zh) * | 2018-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 山东省千佛山医院 | 肺非小细胞癌早期特异性自身抗体panel诊断试剂盒 |
JP7066540B2 (ja) * | 2018-06-14 | 2022-05-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | デジタルpcrの測定方法および測定装置 |
CN108676888B (zh) * | 2018-07-12 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林大学 | 一种肺部恶性肿瘤易感性预测试剂盒及系统 |
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WO2020128546A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Kromat Műszerforgalmazó Kft. | A simple, non-invasive method for diagnosing oral cancer |
EP3671213A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-24 | Kromat Muszerforgalmazó Kft. | In vitro method for the diagnosis of malignant conditions |
EP4010456A4 (en) | 2019-08-05 | 2023-09-13 | Seer, Inc. | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SAMPLE PREPARATION, DATA GENERATION AND ANALYSIS OF CORONA PROTEIN |
KR102473361B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-12-01 | 한림대학교 산학협력단 | 기계식 인공호흡 환자의 미생물 프로파일링으로 탈관 성공률과 28일 생존율을 예측하는 방법 |
CN111735869A (zh) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-02 | 中山大学 | 一种蛋白质的检测试剂及检测方法 |
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CN1554025A (zh) * | 2001-03-12 | 2004-12-08 | Īŵ���ɷ�����˾ | 患病状态的细胞为基础的检测和鉴别 |
JP4606879B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-15 | 2011-01-05 | ジェノミック ヘルス, インコーポレイテッド | Egfr陽性癌の遺伝子発現プロファイリング |
EP1735620A4 (en) | 2004-03-30 | 2008-04-09 | Eastern Virginia Med School | BIOMARKERS OF LUNG CANCER |
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WO2006105642A1 (en) * | 2005-04-05 | 2006-10-12 | British Columbia Cancer Agency | Biomarkers for the detection of lung cancer and uses thereof |
US20080286273A1 (en) | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-20 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | Knowledge-Based Proliferation Signatures and Methods of Use |
US20100279419A1 (en) * | 2007-09-18 | 2010-11-04 | Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Detection of saliva proteins modulated secondary to ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast |
GB0803192D0 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2008-04-02 | Mubio Products Bv | SCLC biomarker panel |
WO2009154790A2 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-23 | University Of Massachusetts | Novel metastasis suppresor genes and uses thereof |
US20110123441A1 (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2011-05-26 | University Of Miami | Novel greb1a monoclonal antibody |
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KR20130002322A (ko) | 2013-01-07 |
AU2011215789A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
JP2013521763A (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
CN102906275A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
CA2789494C (en) | 2021-08-17 |
US20170306414A1 (en) | 2017-10-26 |
WO2011100483A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
US20110207622A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
US9689039B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
EP2534265A4 (en) | 2013-09-11 |
EP2534265A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
CA2789494A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
KR101824746B1 (ko) | 2018-02-01 |
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