JP6105596B2 - 溶融脱揮押出方法 - Google Patents
溶融脱揮押出方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6105596B2 JP6105596B2 JP2014533594A JP2014533594A JP6105596B2 JP 6105596 B2 JP6105596 B2 JP 6105596B2 JP 2014533594 A JP2014533594 A JP 2014533594A JP 2014533594 A JP2014533594 A JP 2014533594A JP 6105596 B2 JP6105596 B2 JP 6105596B2
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- polymer
- brominated
- thermoplastic
- extruder
- upstream
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 180
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium(2+);octadecanoate Chemical compound [Ba+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O AGXUVMPSUKZYDT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920006132 styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/26—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/28—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment by reaction with halogens or compounds containing halogen
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- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/10—Polymers characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
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Description
(a)出発有機ポリマーを臭素化剤と溶液中で反応させることにより前記出発有機ポリマーを臭素化し、65質量%以上の揮発性化合物及び35質量%以下の臭素化有機ポリマーを含有する臭素化ポリマー溶液を生成する工程、
(b)前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と少なくとも一つの第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーとを組み合わせ、前記溶液中の前記揮発性化合物の濃度を60質量%以下に減じる工程であって、前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーが重合可能な炭素−炭素不飽和結合を実質的に欠いておりハロゲン含有量が5質量%以下である、工程、並びに
(c)工程(b)で得られた生成物を脱揮押出機で分離することにより、前記臭素化有機ポリマーと、前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーとを含有し、前記揮発性化合物の含有量が3,000ppm以下である脱揮済ポリマー配合物、及び分離された揮発性化合物を含有する分離気相を形成し、前記気相を前記脱揮押出機バレルにおける少なくとも一つのベントを通して排出し、(一又は複数の)前記ベントの下流にある出口を通して前記脱揮押出機から前記脱揮済ポリマー配合物を排出する工程を含む。
臭素化ポリマー溶液は、22.5部の臭素化スチレン−ブタジエンポリマーを50部のジブロモメタンに溶解させて調製する。この溶液は、出発スチレン−ブタジエンポリマーの臭素化により得た臭素化ポリマー溶液をシミュレートしたものである。この溶液を、第二熱可塑性ポリマー及び熱安定化パッケージと最初に配合し、次いで得られた配合物を脱揮するタンデム型脱揮押出ラインを通して加工する。ラインはTEX−65α二軸スクリュー押出機からなり、TEX−65α二軸スクリュー押出機は、49の長さ:直径の比を有し、TEX−30α二軸スクリュー脱揮押出機に供給する。第一押出機は、臭素化ポリマー溶液と20部の第二熱可塑性ポリマー及び7.5部の熱安定化パッケージとを組み合わせるのに使用する。第二熱可塑性ポリマーは、商品名Styron LLC社製PS 640樹脂である約140,000の質量平均分子量(Mw)を有するポリスチレンである。安定化パッケージは、エポキシクレゾールノボラック樹脂(3.75部)、エポキシ化大豆油(1.88部)及びDover Chemical Corporation社製Doverphos S−9228として市販される亜リン酸アルキル(1.88部)からなる。材料は第一押出機において約145℃の温度を達成し、その温度で脱揮押出機中に圧力でもって排出する。
例2−5を例1に記載するような同じ一般的方法にて行うが、下の表1に示すように、ベント圧力及び水注入速度を変更してある。結果(残留溶媒、臭素含有量、5%質量減少温度、及び分子量などの情報)を表1に示す。
本発明の実施態様の一部を以下の項目[1]−[20]に記載する。
[項目1]
(a)出発有機ポリマーを臭素化剤と溶液中で反応させることにより前記出発有機ポリマーを臭素化し、65質量%以上の揮発性化合物及び35質量%以下の臭素化有機ポリマーを含有する臭素化ポリマー溶液を生成する工程、
(b)前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と少なくとも一つの第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーとを組み合わせ、前記溶液中の前記揮発性化合物の濃度を60質量%以下に減じる工程であって、前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーが重合可能な炭素−炭素不飽和結合を実質的に欠いておりハロゲン含有量が5質量%以下である、工程、並びに
(c)工程(b)で得られた生成物を脱揮押出機で分離することにより、前記臭素化有機ポリマーと、前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーとを含有し、前記揮発性化合物の含有量が3,000ppm以下である脱揮済ポリマー配合物、及び分離された揮発性化合物を含有する分離気相を形成し、前記気相を前記脱揮押出機バレルにおける少なくとも一つのベントを通して排出し、(一又は複数の)前記ベントの下流にある出口を通して前記脱揮押出機から前記脱揮済ポリマー配合物を排出する工程を含む、臭素化ポリマーの製造及び脱揮方法。
[項目2]
前記臭素化ポリマー溶液が5〜25質量%の前記臭素化ポリマーを含有する、項目1に記載の方法。
[項目3]
工程(c)の前に、少なくとも一部の前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーを前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と組み合わせる、項目1又は2のいずれかに記載の方法。
[項目4]
一部の前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーと前記臭素化ポリマー溶液とを前記脱揮押出機において組み合わせる、項目3に記載の方法。
[項目5]
前記脱揮押出機が少なくとも一つのバックベントを含む、項目1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目6]
(i)前記脱揮押出機が、前記臭素化ポリマー溶液を又は前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と一部若しくは全部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーとの組み合わせを、前記脱揮押出機に導入する主入口孔を含み、(ii)前記バックベントが前記主入口孔の上流にあり、(iii)前記脱揮押出機が前記バックベントの上流にある第一入口孔を更に含み、少なくとも一部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーを前記第一入口孔を通して前記脱揮押出機に導入する、項目5に記載の方法。
[項目7]
前記第一入口孔を通して前記脱揮押出機に導入する前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーが(一又は複数の)バックベントの上流で融解シールを形成する、項目6に記載の方法。
[項目8]
前記脱揮押出機が、上流端から下流端に順に、一部又は全部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーを導入する少なくとも一つの上流入口孔、少なくとも一つのバックベント、前記臭素化ポリマー溶液を又は前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と一部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーとの組み合わせを導入する少なくとも一つの主入口孔、一又は複数のフォワードベント、前記脱揮済ポリマー配合物を前記脱揮押出機を通して除去する出口、並びに操作の際に(一又は複数の)上流入口孔を通して導入される前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーが(一又は複数の)前記バックベントの上流に融解シールを形成するように、一若しくは複数の逆行要素及び/又は非ポンピング要素を(一又は複数の)前記上流入口孔と(一又は複数の)前記バックベントとの間に有するスクリュー、を含有する、項目1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目9]
前記スクリューが、操作の際に少なくとも一つの前記フォワードベントの上流に融解シールを形成するように、前記主入口孔の下流及び少なくとも一つの(一又は複数の)前記フォワードベントの上流に、一若しくは複数の逆行要素及び/又は非ポンピング要素もまた有する、項目8に記載の方法。
[項目10]
前記臭素化ポリマーがブタジエン及びビニル芳香族ポリマーの臭素化ポリマーである、項目1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目11]
前記臭素化ポリマーがブタジエン及びスチレンのブロックコポリマーである、項目1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目12]
前記臭素化ポリマーが25〜75質量%の臭素を含有する、項目10又は11のいずれかに記載の方法。
[項目13]
前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーがポリスチレン標準に対するGPC測定において25,000〜150,000の分子量を有する、項目1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目14]
(一又は複数の)前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーが、未希釈樹脂として180℃で100s −1 の剪断速度で200パスカル・秒(Pa・s)未満の剪断溶融粘度、及び未希釈樹脂として180℃で1000s −1 の剪断速度で100パスカル・秒(Pa・s)未満の剪断溶融粘度を有する、項目1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目15]
前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーがビニル芳香族モノマーのポリマー又はコポリマーである、項目1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目16]
前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーがポリスチレンである、項目1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目17]
前記脱揮済ポリマー配合物が、スクリュー潤滑剤、酸化防止剤、酸捕捉剤、スリップ剤、UV安定剤、着色剤、核形成剤、可塑剤、難燃剤、難燃性相乗剤、赤外線遮断剤及び無機充填剤から選択される少なくとも一つの添加剤を更に含有する、項目1〜16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
[項目18]
工程(b)の前に少なくとも一つの添加剤を前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と組み合わせる、項目17に記載の方法。
[項目19]
工程(b)の間に少なくとも一つの添加剤を前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と組み合わせる、項目17に記載の方法。
[項目20]
少なくとも一つの添加剤を前記脱揮押出機において前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と組み合わせる、項目17に記載の方法。
Claims (9)
- (a)出発有機ポリマーを臭素化剤と溶液中で反応させることにより前記出発有機ポリマーを臭素化し、65質量%以上の揮発性化合物及び35質量%以下の臭素化有機ポリマーを含有する臭素化ポリマー溶液を生成する工程、
(b)前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と少なくとも一つの第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーとを組み合わせ、前記溶液中の前記揮発性化合物の濃度を60質量%以下に減じる工程であって、前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーが重合可能な炭素−炭素不飽和結合を欠いておりハロゲン含有量が5質量%以下である、工程、並びに
(c)工程(b)で得られた生成物を脱揮押出機で分離することにより、前記臭素化有機ポリマーと、前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーとを含有し、前記揮発性化合物の含有量が3,000ppm以下である脱揮済ポリマー配合物、及び分離された揮発性化合物を含有する分離気相を形成し、前記気相を前記脱揮押出機バレルにおける少なくとも一つのベントを通して排出し、(一又は複数の)前記ベントの下流にある出口を通して前記脱揮押出機から前記脱揮済ポリマー配合物を排出する工程を含む、臭素化ポリマーの製造及び脱揮方法。 - 前記臭素化ポリマー溶液が5〜25質量%の前記臭素化ポリマーを含有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 工程(c)の前に、少なくとも一部の前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーを前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と組み合わせ、一部の前記第二熱可塑性有機ポリマーと前記臭素化ポリマー溶液とを前記脱揮押出機において組み合わせる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記脱揮押出機が少なくとも一つのバックベントを含み、(i)前記脱揮押出機が、前記臭素化ポリマー溶液を又は前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と一部若しくは全部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーとの組み合わせを前記脱揮押出機に通して導入する主入口孔を含み、(ii)前記バックベントが前記主入口孔の上流にあり、(iii)前記脱揮押出機が前記バックベントの上流にある第一入口孔を更に含み、少なくとも一部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーを前記第一入口孔を通して前記脱揮押出機に導入する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第一入口孔を通して前記脱揮押出機に導入する前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーが(一又は複数の)バックベントの上流で融解シールを形成する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記脱揮押出機が、上流端から下流端に順に、一部又は全部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーを導入する少なくとも一つの上流入口孔、少なくとも一つのバックベント、前記臭素化ポリマー溶液を又は前記臭素化ポリマー溶液と一部の前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーとの組み合わせを導入する少なくとも一つの主入口孔、一又は複数のフォワードベント、前記脱揮済ポリマー配合物を前記脱揮押出機を通して除去する出口、並びに操作の際に(一又は複数の)上流入口孔を通して導入される前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーが(一又は複数の)前記バックベントの上流に融解シールを形成するように、一若しくは複数の逆行要素及び/又は非ポンピング要素を(一又は複数の)前記上流入口孔と(一又は複数の)前記バックベントとの間に有するスクリュー、を含有する、請求項1又は2のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記スクリューが、操作の際に少なくとも一つの前記フォワードベントの上流に融解シールを形成するように、前記主入口孔の下流及び少なくとも一つの(一又は複数の)前記フォワードベントの上流に、一若しくは複数の逆行要素及び/又は非ポンピング要素もまた有する、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記臭素化ポリマーがブタジエン及びビニル芳香族ポリマーの臭素化ポリマーである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記第二熱可塑性ポリマーが、ポリスチレン標準に対するGPC測定において25,000〜150,000の分子量を有し、未希釈樹脂として180℃で100s−1の剪断速度で200パスカル・秒(Pa・s)未満の剪断溶融粘度、及び未希釈樹脂として180℃で1000s−1の剪断速度で100パスカル・秒(Pa・s)未満の剪断溶融粘度を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
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