JP6087018B2 - ハイブリッド電気式変速機の潤滑 - Google Patents
ハイブリッド電気式変速機の潤滑 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6087018B2 JP6087018B2 JP2016197679A JP2016197679A JP6087018B2 JP 6087018 B2 JP6087018 B2 JP 6087018B2 JP 2016197679 A JP2016197679 A JP 2016197679A JP 2016197679 A JP2016197679 A JP 2016197679A JP 6087018 B2 JP6087018 B2 JP 6087018B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- dispersant
- lubricating composition
- ppm
- oil
- calcium sulfonate
- Prior art date
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims description 41
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 127
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 95
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 66
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 64
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 55
- -1 alicyclic radical Chemical class 0.000 description 37
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 16
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 13
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 11
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 7
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical class ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000011044 succinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UZEFVQBWJSFOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl hydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)OCCCC UZEFVQBWJSFOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (diaminomethylideneamino)azanium;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O.N[NH2+]C(N)=N OTXHZHQQWQTQMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N (e)-10-[2-(7-carboxyheptyl)-5,6-dihexylcyclohex-3-en-1-yl]dec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC1C=CC(CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C(\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O)C1CCCCCC CIRMGZKUSBCWRL-LHLOQNFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDAGYWUMBWNXIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzene Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CC1=CC=CC=C1CC(CC)CCCC RDAGYWUMBWNXIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEYQUBZGSWAPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-di(nonyl)benzene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC YEYQUBZGSWAPGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBIZXFATKUQOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=NN=CS1 MBIZXFATKUQOOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002015 acyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl sebacate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC VJHINFRRDQUWOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
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- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGDGVGVOFIGJIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,2-n-di(butan-2-yl)benzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCC(C)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(C)CC ZGDGVGVOFIGJIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003902 salicylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur dichloride Chemical compound ClSCl FWMUJAIKEJWSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940087291 tridecyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/20—Compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0061—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electrical machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/15—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with additional electric power supply
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/24—Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/425—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/48—Drive Train control parameters related to transmissions
- B60L2240/485—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/60—Electro rheological properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/14—Electric or magnetic purposes
- C10N2040/16—Dielectric; Insulating oil or insulators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
- C10N2060/12—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by phosphorus or a compound containing phosphorus, e.g. PxSy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2060/00—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition
- C10N2060/14—Chemical after-treatment of the constituents of the lubricating composition by boron or a compound containing boron
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
Description
(1)炭化水素置換基、すなわち脂肪族(例えば、アルキルまたはアルケニル)、脂環式(例えばシクロアルキル、シクロアルケニル)置換基、ならびに芳香族置換、脂肪族置換、および脂環式置換した芳香族置換基、ならびに環状置換基(該環は、該分子の別の部分を通じて完成される(例えば、2つの置換基は互いに、脂環式ラジカルを形成する。)。)、
(2)置換した炭化水素置換基、すなわち、本発明の文脈において主として炭化水素置換基(例えば、ハロ(特にクロロおよびフルオロ)、ヒドロキシ、アルコキシ、メルカプ
ト、アルキルメルカプト、ニトロ、ニトロソ、およびスルホキシ)を変化させない非炭化水素基を含有する置換基、
(3)へテロ置換基、すなわち、主として炭化水素特徴を有しながら、本発明の文脈において、さもなくば炭素原子から構成される環または鎖における炭素以外を含有する置換基。
ヘテロ原子には、硫黄、酸素、窒素が含まれ、ピリジル、フリル、チエニル、およびイミダゾリル等の置換基を包含する。一般に、2個以下、例えば、1個以下の非炭化水素置換基は、ヒドロカルビル基において10個の炭素原子ごとに存在し、典型的には、該ヒドロカルビル基においては、非炭化水素置換基は存在しない。
本開示に従った潤滑剤組成物を調剤する上で使用するのに好適な基油は、好適な合成油または天然油またはそれらの組み合わせのいずれかから選択されてもよい。天然油には、動物油および植物油(例えば、ひまし油、ラード油)、ならびに液化石油および、パラフィン系、ナフテン系、またはパラフィン系−ナフテン系混合型の溶媒処理または酸処理したミネラル潤滑油等のミネラル潤滑油が含まれてもよい。石炭または頁岩に由来する油も好適であり得る。該基油は典型的には、約2〜約15cStの、またはさらなる例として100℃で約2〜約10cStの粘度を有してもよい。さらに、気体から液体へのプロセスに由来する油も好適である。
合、またはそれらのモノカルボン酸エステルおよびポリカルボン酸エステル、例えば、テトラエチレングリコールの酢酸エステル、混合型C3−C8脂肪酸エステル、またはC13オキソ−酸ジエステルの重合を通じて調製された油によって例示される。
Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines)において明示された第I〜V群における基油のいずれかから選択されてもよい。
開示された実施態様の一態様において、分散剤添加物は、ヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸または無水物とポリアミンとの反応生成物である。該ヒドロカルビル−ジカルボン酸またはその無水物のヒドロカルビル部分は、ブテン重合体、例えば、イソブチレンの重合体に由来してもよい。本明細書での使用に好適なポリイソブテンには、約70%〜約90%以上など、少なくとも約60%の末端ビニリデン含有量を有するポリイソブチレンまたは高反応性ポリイソブチレンから形成されたものが含まれる。好適なポリイソブテンには、BF3触媒を用いて調製されたものが含まれてもよい。ポリアルケニル置換基の平均数分子量は例えば、先に説明されたようなゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)によって決定されるように、約500〜約5000など、約100〜約5000の広範な範囲にわたって変動してもよい。
先に説明された分散剤反応生成物とともに使用されてもよい金属性洗剤は一般的に、極性頭部が酸性有機化合物の金属塩を含む、長い疎水性尾部を有する極性頭部を含む。該塩は、実質的に化学量論的な量の該金属を含有してもよく、この場合、該塩は通常、正規のまたは中性の塩として説明され、典型的には約0〜約150未満の(ASTM D2896によって測定されるような)総塩基数またはTBNを有するであろう。多量の金属塩基は、過剰量の酸化物または水酸化物等の金属化合物を二酸化炭素等の酸性気体と反応させることによって含まれてもよい。結果として生じる塩基過剰の洗剤は、無機金属塩基(例えば水和した炭酸塩)の中心を取り囲む中和した洗剤のミセルを含む。このような塩基過剰の洗剤は、約150〜約450以上など、約150以上のTBNを有し得る。
本明細書で説明される潤滑流体には、先に説明された成分に加えて、自動変速機流体配合組成に使用される種類の従来の添加物も含まれてもよい。このような添加物としては、摩擦調節剤、抗酸化剤、極圧添加剤、防錆剤、耐摩耗性添加剤、防蝕添加剤、金属不活性化剤、消泡剤、流動点降下剤、空気連行添加剤、シール膨潤剤、およびこれらに類するものが挙げられるが、それらに限定されない。
摩擦調節剤は、低い滑走速度で表面(例えば、トルク変換機クラッチまたは転移クラッチ(shifting clutch)の部材)間の摩擦を低下させるために、本明細書で説明されるような潤滑流体において使用される。その結果は、正の傾斜を有する摩擦対速度(u−v)曲線であり、それが順に、クラッチの滑らかなかみ合いをもたらし、「付着滑り」挙動(例えば、鳴き、騒音、および荒い転移(harsh shift))を最小化する。
いくつかの実施態様において、抗酸化剤化合物は、本明細書で説明される潤滑組成物中に含まれてもよい。抗酸化剤にはとりわけ」、フェノール類抗酸化剤、芳香族アミン抗酸化剤、硫化フェノール類抗酸化剤、および有機亜リン酸剤が含まれる。フェノール類抗酸化剤の例としては、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール、第三級ブチル化フェノールの液状混合物、2,6−ジ−tert−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、4,4'−メチレンビス(2,6−ジ−tert−ブチルフェノール)、2,2'−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−tert−ブチルフェノール)、メチレン架橋した混合型ポリアルキルフェノール、および4,4'−チオビス(2−メチル−6−tert−ブチルフェノール)が挙げられる。N,N'−ジ−sec−ブチル−フェニレンジアミン、4−イソプロピルアミノジフェニルアミン、フェニル−.アルファ.−ナフチルアミン、フェニル−.アルファ.−ナフチルアミン、および環のアルキル化したジフェニルアミン。例としては、立体障害型の第三級ブチル化フェノール、ビスフェノール、およびケイ皮酸誘導体、ならびにこれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。
耐摩耗剤には、リン酸の有機エステル、亜リン酸、またはそれらのアミン塩が含まれ得る亜リン酸含有耐摩耗剤が含まれてもよい。例えば、亜リン酸含有耐磨耗剤には、ジヒドロカルビルホスファイト、トリヒドロカルビルホスファイト、ジヒドロカルビルホスファート、トリヒドロカルビルホスファート、これらの任意の硫黄類似体、およびそれらの任意のアミン塩が含まれてもよい。さらなる例として、亜リン酸含有耐磨耗剤には、ジブチル水素ホスファイトおよび硫化ジブチル水素ホスファイトのアミン塩のうちの少なくとも1つが含まれてもよい。
いくつかの実施態様において、防銅錆剤は、本明細書で説明される潤滑組成物に含まれるのに好適な別のクラスの添加物を構成してもよい。このような化合物には、チアゾール、トリアゾール、およびチアジアゾールが含まれる。このような化合物の例としては、ベンゾトリアゾール、トリルトリアゾール、オクチルトリアゾール、デシルトリアゾール、ドデシルトリアゾール、2−メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、2,5−ジメルカプト−1,3,4−チアジアゾール、2−メルカプト−5−ヒドロカルビルチオ−1,3,4−チアジアゾール、2−メルカプト−5− ヒドロカルビルジチオ−1,3,4−チアジアゾール、2,5−ビス(ヒドロカルビルチオ)− 1,3,4−チアジアゾール、および2,5−ビス(ヒドロカルビルジチオ)−1,3,4−チアジアゾールが挙げられる。好適な化合物には、そのいくつかが商品として入手可能である1,3,4−チアジアゾールが、およびトリルトリアゾール等のトリアゾールと2,5−ビス(アルキルジチオ)−1,3,4−チアジアゾール等の1,3,5−チアジアゾールとの組み合わせも含まれる。1,3,4−チアジアゾールは一般的に、公知の手順によってヒドラジンおよび二硫化炭素から合成される。例えば、米国特許第2,765,289号、第2,749,311号、第2,760,933号、第2,850,453号、第2,910,439号、第3,663,561号、第3,862,798号、および第3,840,549号を参照されたい。
本明細書で説明される潤滑組成物は、エラストマー材料の膨潤を生じさせるアルコール、アルキルベンゼン、置換スルホラン、またはミネラルオイル等のシール膨潤剤を任意に含有してもよい。アルコール型シール膨潤剤は、低揮発性の直鎖アルキルアルコールである。好適なアルコールの例としては、デシルアルコール、トリデシルアルコール、およびテトラデシルアルコールが挙げられる。本明細書で説明される組成物とともに使用するためのシール膨潤剤として有用なアルキルベンゼンの例としては、ドデシルベンゼン、テトラデシルベンゼン、ジノニル−ベンゼン、ジ(2−エチルヘキシル)ベンゼン、およびこれらに類するものが挙げられる。置換スルホランの例は、引用により本明細書に組み込まれた米国特許第4,029,588号に説明されている。シール膨潤剤として有用なミネラルオイルは典型的には、ナフテンまたは芳香族の含有量の高い低粘度ミネラルオイルである。本明細書で説明される潤滑組成物において使用する場合、シール膨潤剤は典型的には、該潤滑組成物の総重量に基づいて、約1〜約30重量%、好ましくは約2〜約20重量%、最も好ましくは約5〜約15重量%を含む。
いくつかの実施態様において、発泡阻害剤は、本明細書に説明される潤滑組成物における使用に好適な別の成分を形成してもよい。発泡阻害剤は、シリコーン、ポリアクリラート、およびこれらに類するものから選択されてもよい。本明細書で説明されるエンジン潤滑剤配合組成における消泡剤の量は、該配合組成の総重量に基づいて、約0.001重量%〜約0.1重量%に及んでもよい。さらなる例として、消泡剤は、約0.004重量%〜約0.10重量%の量で存在してもよい。
1. (a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物を含む分散剤添加物組成物であって、前記反応生成物は、重量で約2400ppm〜10,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量、および0:1〜約0.8:1のホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)の重量比を有し、かつ金属性洗剤と組み合わせた前記分散剤添加物組成物は、約300pS/m〜1700pS/m未満の電気伝導率を潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに有効である、分散剤添加物組成物。
2. 前記反応生成物は、重量で約5,000〜約8,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量を有する、上記1に記載の分散剤添加物。
3. 前記反応生成物は、1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルモル比を有する、上記1に記載の分散剤添加物。
4. 上記1に記載の分散剤添加物組成物およびアルカリ金属性洗剤またはアルカリ土類金属性洗剤を含む潤滑剤組成物であって、前記洗剤は、重量で600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、潤滑剤組成物。
5. 前記洗剤は、重量で約60〜600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記4に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
6. 前記潤滑剤組成物の総重量に基づいて、前記分散剤添加物組成物由来の窒素の量は重量で930ppm未満であり、かつ前記洗剤由来の金属の量は重量で約5〜約150ppmに及ぶ、上記4に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
7. 前記分散剤添加物組成物は、重量で約300〜約1000ppmの窒素を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記4に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
8. 前記分散剤添加物組成物は、重量で約300〜約900ppmの窒素を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記4に記載の潤滑剤組成物。
9. 変速装置であって、
電動機と、
潤滑流体と
を含み、
前記潤滑流体は、前記電動機と接触しており、
前記潤滑流体は、
(1)潤滑粘性の油と、
(2)(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物を含む分散剤添加物組成物であって、前記反応生成物は、重量で10,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量、0:1〜約0.8:1のホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)重量比を有し、金属性洗剤と組み合わせた前記分散剤添加物組成物は、約300pS/m〜1700pS/m未満の電気伝導率を潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに有効である、分散剤添加物組成物を含む、
変速装置。
10. 前記分散剤添加物組成物は、重量で約5,000〜約8,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量を有する、上記9に記載の変速装置。
11. 前記分散剤添加物組成物は、約1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルモル比を有する、上記9に記載の変速装置。
12. 前記潤滑流体はさらに、金属含有洗剤を含み、前記洗剤は、重量で600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑流体に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記9に記載の変速装置。
13. 前記洗剤は、重量で約60〜600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑流体に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記9に記載の変速装置。
14. ハイブリッド車両のための潤滑組成物であって、
(1)潤滑粘性の基油と、
(2)(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物および(b)アミン、に由来する分散剤添加物であって、前記分散剤添加物は、重量で約2400〜10,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量、0:1〜約0.8:1のホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)重量比を有する、分散剤添加物と、
(3)金属含有洗剤と、
を含み、
前記分散剤添加物+金属含有洗剤は、約300pS/m〜1700pS/m未満の電気伝導率を有する前記潤滑組成物を提供するのに有効である、
潤滑組成物。
15. 前記分散剤添加物は、重量で約5,000〜約8,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量を有する、上記14に記載の潤滑組成物。
16. 前記分散剤は、スクシンイミド分散剤を含む、上記14に記載の潤滑組成物。
17. 前記分散剤添加物は、1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルモル比を有する、上記14に記載の潤滑組成物。
18. 前記洗剤は、重量で600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記14に記載の潤滑組成物。
19. 前記洗剤は、重量で約60〜600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記14に記載の潤滑組成物。
20. 車両を潤滑するための多用途潤滑流体を提供するための方法であって、
約300pS/m〜1700pS/mの電気伝導率を有する潤滑剤組成物を提供するために、潤滑粘性の油を分散剤添加物および金属含有洗剤と配合すること
を含み、
前記分散剤添加物は、重量で2400〜10,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量、および0:1〜約0.8:1のホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)重量比を有する、
方法。
21. 前記分散剤添加物は、重量で約5,000〜約8,000ppmに及ぶ窒素含有量を有する、上記20に記載の方法。
22. 前記分散剤添加物は、1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルモル比を有する、上記20に記載の方法。
23. 前記洗剤は、重量で600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記20に記載の方法。
24. 前記洗剤は、重量で約60〜600ppm未満の金属を前記潤滑剤組成物に提供するのに十分な量で存在する、上記20に記載の方法。
Claims (15)
- ハイブリッド車両のための潤滑組成物であって、
(1)潤滑粘性の基油、
(2)スクシンイミド分散剤、
但し、前記分散剤は、重量で2400から10,000ppmまでの窒素含有量、0:1から0.8:1までのホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)重量比を有する、及び
(3)油溶性のスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤、
を含み、
前記分散剤の含有量は、潤滑組成物に対して300から900ppmまでの窒素を提供する量であり、
前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤の含有量は、潤滑組成物に対して60〜600ppm未満のカルシウムを提供する量であり、かつ
前記分散剤含有量及び前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤含有量は、22℃において測定される潤滑組成物の電気伝導率が300pS/mから1700pS/mまでとなる量である、
潤滑組成物。 - 前記分散剤含有量及び前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤含有量は、ASTM D−665Aに従った腐蝕試験に合格している潤滑組成物を提供する量である、請求項1に記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記油溶性のスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤は、ASTM D2896によって測定される150から450までのTBN(総塩基数)を有する油溶性の塩基過剰スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤である請求項1または2に記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記分散剤は、(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物であって、前記反応生成物は、重量で5,000から8,000ppmまでの窒素含有量を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- 前記分散剤は、(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物であって、前記反応生成物は、1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルのモル比を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の潤滑組成物。
- ハイブリッド電子変速装置であって、
電動機と、
ハイブリッド電子変速装置用潤滑組成物と
を含み、
前記潤滑組成物は、前記電動機と接触しており、
前記潤滑組成物は、
(1)潤滑粘性の基油、
(2)スクシンイミド分散剤、
但し、前記分散剤は、重量で2400から10,000ppmまでの窒素含有量、0:1から0.8:1までのホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)重量比を有する、及び
(3)油溶性のスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤、
を含み、
前記分散剤の含有量は、潤滑組成物に対して300から900ppmまでの窒素を提供する量であり、
前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤の含有量は、潤滑組成物に対して60〜600ppm未満のカルシウムを提供する量であり、かつ
前記分散剤含有量及び前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤含有量は、22℃において測定される潤滑組成物の電気伝導率が300pS/mから1700pS/mまでとなる量である、
変速装置。 - 前記分散剤含有量及び前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤含有量は、ASTM D−665Aに従った腐蝕試験に合格している潤滑組成物を提供する量である、請求項6に記載の変速装置。
- 前記油溶性のスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤は、ASTM D2896によって測定される150から450までのTBN(総塩基数)を有する油溶性の塩基過剰スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤である請求項6又は7に記載の変速装置。
- 前記分散剤は、(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物であって、前記反応生成物は、重量で5,000から8,000ppmまでの窒素含有量を有する、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の変速装置。
- 前記分散剤は、(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物であって、前記反応生成物は、1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルのモル比を有する、請求項6〜8のいずれかに記載の変速装置。
- ハイブリッド車両のハイブリッド電子変速装置を潤滑するための多用途潤滑組成物を提供するための方法であって、
潤滑粘性の基油にスクシンイミド分散剤及び油溶性のスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤を配合すること、
但し、前記分散剤は、重量で2400から10,000ppmまでの窒素含有量、0:1から0.8:1までのホウ素+リン:窒素((B+P)/N)重量比を有し、
前記分散剤の配合量は、潤滑組成物に対して300から900ppmまでの窒素を提供する量であり、
前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤の配合量は、潤滑組成物に対して60〜600ppm未満のカルシウムを提供する量であり、かつ
前記分散剤配合量及びスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤配合量は、22℃において測定される潤滑組成物の電気伝導率が300pS/mから1700pS/mまでとなる量である、
方法。 - 前記分散剤配合量及び前記スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤配合量は、ASTM D−665Aに従った腐蝕試験に合格している潤滑組成物を提供する量である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記油溶性のスルホン酸カルシウム洗剤は、ASTM D2896によって測定される150から450までのTBN(総塩基数)を有する油溶性の塩基過剰スルホン酸カルシウム洗剤である請求項11又は12に記載の方法。
- 前記分散剤は、(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物であって、前記反応生成物は、重量で5,000から8,000ppmまでの窒素含有量を有する、請求項11〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記分散剤は、(a)ヒドロカルビル置換したカルボン酸または無水物と(b)アミンとの反応生成物であって、前記反応生成物は、1.6未満の酸または無水物:ヒドロカルビルのモル比を有する、請求項11〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
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US8400030B1 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
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CN103484187B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
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JP6025217B2 (ja) | 2016-11-16 |
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