JP6031030B2 - 有機電界発光素子用重合体及びそれを用いた有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子用重合体及びそれを用いた有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6031030B2 JP6031030B2 JP2013522759A JP2013522759A JP6031030B2 JP 6031030 B2 JP6031030 B2 JP 6031030B2 JP 2013522759 A JP2013522759 A JP 2013522759A JP 2013522759 A JP2013522759 A JP 2013522759A JP 6031030 B2 JP6031030 B2 JP 6031030B2
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- XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3-dione Chemical class C1=CC(C(=O)NC2=O)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 XJHABGPPCLHLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEELFSTYCPPLQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo[lmn]phenanthridine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 YEELFSTYCPPLQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VXRUJZQPKRBJKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N corannulene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=C34)=CC=C3C=CC3=C4C4=C2C1=CC=C4C=C3 VXRUJZQPKRBJKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001893 coumarin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- LHRCREOYAASXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenz[a,h]anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C3C=CC=4C(C3=C3)=CC=CC=4)=C3C=CC2=C1 LHRCREOYAASXPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008376 fluorenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QSQIGGCOCHABAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC6=CC=CC=C6C=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 QSQIGGCOCHABAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940083761 high-ceiling diuretics pyrazolone derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQDCGTUHSVXZIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodobenzene;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.IC1=CC=CC=C1 DQDCGTUHSVXZIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YERGTYJYQCLVDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+);2-(4-methylphenyl)pyridine Chemical compound [Ir+3].C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 YERGTYJYQCLVDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N lichenxanthone Natural products COC1=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C3=C(C)C=C(OC)C=C3OC2=C1 QDLAGTHXVHQKRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004776 molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 1
- KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-vinylcarbazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2N(C=C)C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 KKFHAJHLJHVUDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AODWRBPUCXIRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene perylene Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21.C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 AODWRBPUCXIRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAUCCASEHMVMPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[2,1-e][1,3]benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C(N=CO1)=C1C=C2 JAUCCASEHMVMPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACIUFBMENRNYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphtho[2,1-f]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=CN=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 ACIUFBMENRNYHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007978 oxazole derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N perinone Chemical class C12=NC3=CC=CC=C3N2C(=O)C2=CC=C3C4=C2C1=CC=C4C(=O)N1C2=CC=CC=C2N=C13 DGBWPZSGHAXYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005562 phenanthrylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphine Chemical compound PC1=CC=CC=C1 RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazol-3-one Chemical class O=C1C=CN=N1 JEXVQSWXXUJEMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003219 pyrazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005255 pyrrolopyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEVBPWGFJKJQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinolino[6,5-f]quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(C=3C(=NC=CC=3)C=C3)C3=C21 QEVBPWGFJKJQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005649 substituted arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazolo[5,4-b]pyridine Chemical class C1=CN=C2SN=NC2=C1 QKTRRACPJVYJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran Chemical compound S1C=CC=C=C1 IBBLKSWSCDAPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioridazine hydrochloride Chemical class Cl.C12=CC(SC)=CC=C2SC2=CC=CC=C2N1CCC1CCCCN1C NZFNXWQNBYZDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005628 tolylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
一般式(1)中、Zは下記式(1a)〜(1e)で表わされるインドロカルバゾールから誘導される基から選択される1種又は2種以上の繰り返し単位であり、AはZとは異なる繰り返し単位である。l及びmは存在モル比を表わし、全繰り返し単位を100モル%としたとき、lは5〜100モル%、mは0〜95モル%である。nは平均の繰り返し数を表わし、2〜10000である。
式(1a)〜(1e)中、Ar1は独立に置換もしくは未置換のC6〜C18のアリーレン基、または置換もしくは未置換のC3〜C18のヘテロアリーレン基である。R1はそれぞれ独立に、水素、C1〜C12のアルキル基、C1〜C12のアルコキシ基、C6〜C18のアリール基、C6〜C18のアリールオキシ基、C7〜C30のアリールアルキル基、C7〜C30のアリールアルキルオキシ基、C3〜C18のヘテロアリール基、C3〜C18のヘテロアリールオキシ基、又はC3〜C18のシクロアルキル基である。
式(2)中、Xは各々独立にN又はC−Lの何れかである。Lは独立に水素原子、C6〜C18のアリール基、C3〜C18のヘテロアリール基、C12〜C36のジアリールアミノ基又は結合手を表し、Lのうち1つは結合手である。
ここで、Ar2は独立に置換もしくは未置換のC6〜C18のアリーレン基、または置換もしくは未置換のC3〜C18のヘテロアリーレン基である。また、YはC1〜C12のアルキレン基、O、S、NR2、CO、CO2、SO、SO2、SCO、NR2CO、CONR2CO又は単結合である。pおよびqは0〜3の整数を表わし、pおよびqの少なくとも1方は1以上の整数であり、pおよびqの1方が0の場合、Yは単結合である。ここで、R2は、水素原子、C1〜C12のアルキル基、C3〜C18のシクロアルキル基、C6〜C18のアリール基、C7〜C30のアリールアルキル基、C3〜C18のヘテロアリール基、又はC4〜C30のヘテロアリールアルキル基である。
本発明の有機EL素子は、基板に支持されていることが好ましい。この基板については、特に制限はなく、従来から有機EL素子に慣用されているものであればよく、例えば、ガラス、透明プラスチック、石英などからなるものを用いることができる。
発光層は、発光材料を含有する層であり、蛍光発光層、燐光発光層のいずれでも良いが、燐光発光層であることが好ましい。
正孔輸送層を形成する正孔輸送性化合物としては、本発明の有機電界発光素子用重合体が有利に使用される。必要に応じて、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、第3級アミンのトリフェニルアミン誘導体、カルバゾール誘導体などが例示される。低分子正孔輸送性化合物などを添加剤として1種又は2種以上配合し、組成物として用いてもよい。以下に、正孔輸送性化合物を具体的に例示するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
電子阻止層は正孔を輸送しつつ、電子が正孔輸送層へ到達することを阻止する役割があり、これにより発光層中での電子と正孔が再結合する確率を向上させることができる。電子阻止層の材料としては、が挙げられる。
励起子阻止層とは、発光層内で正孔と電子が再結合することにより生じた励起子が電荷輸送層に拡散することを阻止するための層であり、本層の挿入により励起子を効率的に発光層内に閉じ込めることが可能となり、素子の発光効率を向上させることができる。励起子阻止層は発光層に隣接して陽極側、陰極側のいずれにも挿入することができ、両方同時に挿入することも可能である。すなわち、励起子阻止層を陽極側に有する場合、正孔輸送層と発光層の間に、発光層に隣接して該層を挿入することができ、陰極側に挿入する場合、発光層と陰極との間に、発光層に隣接して該層を挿入することができる。また、陽極と、発光層の陽極側に隣接する励起子阻止層との間には、正孔注入層や電子阻止層などを有することができ、陰極と、発光層の陰極側に隣接する励起子阻止層との間には、電子注入層、電子輸送層、正孔阻止層などを有することができる。
EB層は、電子阻止層、励起子阻止層又は両者の機能を有する層であり、EB層を形成する材料としては、1,3−ジカルバゾリルベンゼン(MCP)等が挙げられる。
電子輸送層を形成する電子輸送性化合物としては、オキサジアゾール誘導体、イミダゾール誘導体、トリアゾール誘導体などが例示される。必要に応じて、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、低分子電子輸送性化合物などを添加剤として1種又は2種以上配合し、組成物として用いてもよい。以下に、電子輸送性化合物を具体的に例示するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
陽極からの正孔注入効率を向上させるために陽極と正孔輸送層又は発光層の間に正孔注入層を入れてもよい。正孔注入層を形成する正孔注入材料としては、ポリチオフェン誘導体、ポリピロール誘導体などの導電性高分子が使用できる。中でも、ポリチオフェン誘導体のポリ(3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン)/ポリスチレンスルホン酸(PEDOT/PSS)が正孔注入効率の点から好ましい。正孔注入層を使用する場合、その厚さは好ましくは200nm以下、より好ましくは100nm以下である。
陽極は、正孔注入層、正孔輸送層または発光層などに正孔を供給するものであり、一般的にガラス基板上に形成される。本発明に用いられる陽極材料は特に限定されないが、具体的にはインジウム-スズ酸化物(ITO)、スズ酸化物などの導電性金属酸化物や金、銀、白金などの金属が挙げられる。また、市販のITO付ガラスを使用することもできる。市販のITO付ガラスは、通常、洗浄剤水溶液、溶剤洗浄後、UVオゾン照射装置又はプラズマ照射装置により清浄して使用される。
陰極は、電子輸送層または発光層に電子を供給するものであり、本発明に用いられる陽極材料は特に限定されないが、具体的にはLi、Mg、Ca、Alなどの金属やそれらの合金、例えばMg−Ag合金、Mg−Al合金などが挙げられる。
下記スキームに従い、化合物(A−2)及び化合物(B−4)を合成し、次いで重合体(P−1)を合成する。
1H−NMR(400MHz、CDCl3):δ(ppm);8.12−8.17(3H、m)、8.077(1H、dt、J=8,2Hz)、8.002(1H、br d、J=2Hz)、7.949(1H、ddd、J=1,2,7Hz)、7.63−7.67(4H、m)、7.19−7.33(6H、m)、6.766(1H、ddd、J=2,7,8Hz)、5.935(1H、d、J=8Hz)、1.352(12H、s)、1.261(12H、s)
FD−MSスペクトル:660(M+、base)
実施例1で得た重合体(P−1)の素子評価を行った。まず、溶媒洗浄、UVオゾン処理した膜厚150nmからなるITO付ガラス基板に、正孔注入層としてポリ(3,4−エチレンジオキシチオフェン)/ポリスチレンスルホン酸(PEDOT/PSS):(エイチ・シー・シュタルク株式会社製、商品名:クレビオスPCH8000)を膜厚25nmで製膜した。次に、合成した重合体(P−1)をTHFに溶解して0.4wt%溶液に調製し、スピンコート法により正孔輸送層として20nmを製膜した。次に、真空蒸着装置を用いて、発光層ドーパントとしてトリス(2−(p−トリル)ピリジン)イリジウム(III)を、発光層ホストとして4,4’−ビス(9H−カルバゾル−9−イル)ビフェニルを用い、ドーパント濃度が0.6wt%となるように共蒸着し、40nm発光層を製膜した。その後、真空蒸着装置を用いて、トリス(8−ヒドロキシキノリネート)アルミニウム(Alq3)を35nm、陰極としてLiF/Alを膜厚170nmで製膜し、この素子をグローブボックス内で封止することにより有機電界発光素子を作製した。
化合物(A−2)と化合物(B−4)を重合させる際、化合物(A−2)0.66g(1.0mmol)と化合物(B−4)0.40g(0.9mmol)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして重合体(P−2)を得た。このポリマーのMwは2,500、分子量分布1.5であった。また素子評価は、実施例2と同様に行った。
下記スキームに従い化合物(A−2)と1,3−ジヨードベンゼンから重合体(P−3)を合成する。
下記スキームに従い化合物(B−5)を合成し、次いで化合物(A−2)と化合物(B−5)から重合体(P−4)を合成する。
下記スキームに従い化合物(A−2)とビス(4−ブロモフェニル)エーテルから重合体(P−5)を合成する。
化合物(A−2)0.66g(1.0mmol)とビス(4−ブロモフェニル)エーテル0.33g(1.0mmol)を使用した以外は実施例1と同様に重合及び後処理して重合体(P−5)0.10gを得た。このポリマーのMwは5,200、分子量分布1.9であった。また素子評価は、実施例2と同様に行った。
下記スキームに従い化合物(A−2)とN−ブチルフェニル−N,N‘−ビスジブロモジフェニルアミンから重合体(P−6)を合成する。
下記スキームに従い化合物(A−3)と化合物(B−4)から重合体(P−7)を合成する。
下記スキームに従い化合物(B−5)を用いて重合体(EP−1)を合成する。
Claims (9)
- 主鎖を構成する繰り返し単位中に、下記一般式(1)で表される繰り返し単位を有することを特徴とする有機電界発光素子用重合体。
- 一般式(1)において、Aが下記式(4a)又は(4b)で表わされる繰り返し単位である請求項1又は2に記載の有機電界発光素子用重合体。
- 重量平均分子量が1,000〜1,000,000である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子用重合体。
- 一般式(1)において、存在モル比を表すmが10〜90モル%である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子用重合体。
- 一般式(1)において、繰り返し単位であるA及びZが交互に結合した交互共重合体である請求項1〜5のいずれかにに記載の有機電界発光素子用重合体。
- 基板上に積層された陽極層及び陰極層の間に少なくとも正孔輸送層と発光層及び電子輸送層を含む有機層を有する有機電界発光素子であって、該有機層の少なくとも一層に請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子用重合体を含有することを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。
- 有機電界発光素子用重合体を含有する有機層が正孔輸送層である請求項7に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 発光層が、ゲスト材料とホスト材料とを含む発光層であり、正孔輸送層に含有される有機電界発光素子用重合体のHOMOエネルギーと、発光層に含有されるホスト材料のHOMOエネルギーの差が±0.5eV以内であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の有機電界発光素子。
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KR101941532B1 (ko) | 2019-01-23 |
US20140084279A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
TWI525123B (zh) | 2016-03-11 |
WO2013002053A1 (ja) | 2013-01-03 |
JPWO2013002053A1 (ja) | 2015-02-23 |
US10193069B2 (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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