JP6030599B2 - ナノノズル装置アレイ:その作製および高分子分析における利用 - Google Patents
ナノノズル装置アレイ:その作製および高分子分析における利用 Download PDFInfo
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Description
記述した課題を解決するために、第1の態様では、本発明は、高分子の1若しくはそれ以上の特性を特徴付けるための方法であって、ナノチャネル内に少なくとも一部が存在する高分子を直線状にする工程であって、前記ナノチャネルの少なくとも一部が高分子の少なくとも一部を物理的に拘束することが可能であり、これにより前記高分子のその部分を直線形状に保持し、前記ナノチャネルが少なくとも1つの狭窄を含むものである、前記高分子を直線状にする工程と;前記ナノチャネルの少なくとも一部の中を前記高分子の少なくとも一部を輸送する工程であって、これにより前記高分子の少なくとも一部が前記狭窄を通過するものである、前記輸送する工程と;前記高分子による狭窄の通過に関連して発生する少なくとも1つのシグナルを測定する工程と;前記少なくとも1つのシグナルを、前記高分子の1若しくはそれ以上の特徴と関連付ける工程と、を有するものである、前記特性を特徴付けるための方法、を提供する。
本願明細書で用いる場合、「実質的に直線状(substantially linear)」という用語は、これに限定するものではないが例えば200残基の核酸が互いに結合したポリ核酸などの長鎖状分子の少なくとも一部のコンフォーメーションが、自身に対して折れ曲がることがないこと、またはいかなる鋭い屈曲、又は約360度より大きなカーブを含まないこと、を意味する。
有効内径 = 2〔(ナノチャネルの断面積)/π〕1/2
狭窄は適切には、約0.5nm〜約100nmの範囲、または約1〜約80nmの範囲、または約5〜約50nmの範囲、または約8nm〜約30nmの範囲、または約10nm〜約15nmの範囲の、分子の輸送を許可する有効内径または有効寸法を有する。適切な狭窄は、線形高分子が狭窄を通過する際に直線形状を保持することが可能な有効内径を有する。有効内径または寸法は、エッチングの条件の制御によって、または狭窄領域内の犠牲材料の大きさの制御によって、制御することが可能である。
以下は非限定的な実施例および説明のための実施形態であり、必ずしも本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。
Claims (15)
- 高分子の1若しくはそれ以上の特徴を明らかにする方法であって、
ナノチャネルの内部に少なくとも一部が存在する高分子を直線状にする工程であって、
前記ナノチャネルが少なくとも1つの狭窄を有するものであり、前記ナノチャネルの有効内径が10nmから500nmであるとともに、線形高分子の長さと少なくとも等しい長さを有し、且つ前記狭窄は前記線形高分子が前記狭窄を通過する際に直線形状を保持することを可能にし、且つ前記狭窄は前記ナノチャネルの有効内径を0.5nmから100nmになるように局所的に縮小して設定されるものである、前記直線状にする工程と、
前記ナノチャネルの少なくとも一部の中に前記高分子の少なくとも一部を輸送する工程であって、これにより前記高分子の少なくとも一部が前記狭窄を通過するものである、前記輸送する工程と、
前記高分子による狭窄の通過に関連して発生する少なくとも1つのシグナルを測定する工程と、
前記少なくとも1つのシグナルを、前記高分子の1若しくはそれ以上の特徴と関連付ける工程と
を有する方法。 - 請求項1記載の方法において、前記ナノチャネルの長さは、少なくとも1000nmである、方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記高分子は、ポリヌクレオチド、ポリヌクレオシド、ポリマー、共重合体、デンドリマー、界面活性剤、脂質、炭水化物、ポリペプチド、タンパク質、またはそれらのあらゆる組合せ、を有するものである、方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記輸送する工程は、前記高分子を勾配に曝露する工程を有するものである、方法。
- 請求項4記載の方法において、前記勾配は、電気浸透の場、電気泳動の場、磁場、電場、電磁場、流動場、放射線場、機械力、電気浸透力、電気泳動力、動電学的な力、温度勾配、圧力勾配、表面性質の勾配、毛細管流動、またはそれらのあらゆる組合せ、を有するものである、方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記シグナルは、視覚的シグナル、赤外線シグナル、紫外線シグナル、放射線シグナル、磁気シグナル、電気的シグナル、電磁気的シグナル、またはそれらのあらゆる組合せ、を有するものである、方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法において、前記高分子は1若しくはそれ以上の標識を有するものであり、前記1若しくはそれ以上の標識は、選択的に電子スピン共鳴分子、蛍光分子、化学発光分子、放射性同位体、および酵素基質、ビオチン分子、アビジン分子、荷電輸送分子、半導体ナノ結晶、半導体ナノ粒子、コロイド金ナノ結晶、リガンド、マイクロビーズ、電磁ビーズ、常磁性体粒子、量子ドット、発色基質、親和性分子、タンパク質、ペプチド、核酸、炭水化物、抗原、ハプテン、抗体、抗体断片、脂質、ポリマー、荷電粒子、修飾ヌクレオチド、またはそれらのあらゆる組合せ、を有するものである、方法。
- 高分子を分析する装置であって、
流体通路によって連結される2若しくはそれ以上の流体タンクと、
狭窄を有するナノチャネルであって、
前記ナノチャネル及び前記狭窄は前記タンク間の前記流体通路に位置し、前記ナノチャネルの有効内径が10nmから500nmであるとともに、線形高分子の長さと少なくとも等しい長さを有し、且つ前記狭窄は前記線形高分子が前記狭窄を通過する際に直線形状を保持することを可能にし、且つ前記狭窄は前記ナノチャネルの有効内径を0.5nmから100nmになるように局所的に縮小して設定されるものである、前記ナノチャネルと、
前記高分子が前記狭窄を通過するたびに、少なくとも前記高分子の少なくとも一部からの信号を検出するように設定された検出器と
を有する装置。 - 請求項8記載の装置において、前記狭窄は前記ナノチャネルの一方の端に存在するものである、装置。
- 請求項8記載の装置において、前記狭窄は前記ナノチャネルの内部に存在するものである、装置。
- 請求項8記載の装置において、前記狭窄は、1nmから50nmの範囲の有効内径を有するものである、装置。
- 請求項8記載の装置において、前記ナノチャネルの長さは、少なくとも1000nmで
ある、装置。 - 請求項8記載の装置において、前記装置は、さらに勾配を有するものであり、前記勾配は、選択的に電気浸透の場、電気泳動の場、毛細管流動、磁場、電場、放射線場、機械力、電気浸透力、電気泳動力、動電学的な力、温度勾配、圧力勾配、表面性質の勾配、毛細管流動、またはそれらのあらゆる組合せ、を有するものである、装置。
- 請求項13記載の装置において、前記勾配は、前記ナノチャネル内部に位置する高分子の少なくとも一部を、前記ナノチャネルの少なくとも一部に沿って輸送することが可能なものである、装置。
- 請求項8記載の装置において、前記検出器は、電荷結合素子(charge coupled device:CCD)検出システム、相補型金属酸化膜半導体(complementary metal−oxide semiconductor:CMOS)検出システム、光ダイオード検出システム、光電子増倍管検出システム、シンチレーション検出システム、光子計数検出システム、電子スピン共鳴検出システム、蛍光検出システム、光子検出システム、電気的検出システム、写真フィルム検出システム、化学発光検出システム、酵素検出システム、原子間力顕微鏡(atomic force microscopy:AFM)検出システム、走査型トンネル顕微鏡(scanning tunneling microscopy:STM)検出システム、走査型電子顕微鏡(scanning electron microscopy:SEM)検出システム、光学検出システム、核磁気共鳴(nuclear magnetic resonance:NMR)検出システム、近接場(near field)検出システム、全反射(total internal reflection:TIRF)検出システム、パッチクランプ検出システム、電流検出システム、電気増幅検出システム、抵抗測定システム、容量検出システム、またはそれらのあらゆる組合せ、を有するものである、装置。
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