AU764310B2 - Human G-protein coupled receptor - Google Patents

Description

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 human G-protein coupled receptor Description The present invention relates to novel identified polynucleotides, polypeptides encoded by them and to the use of such polynucleotides and polypeptides, and to their production. More particularly, the polynucleotides and polypeptides of the present invention relate to a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), hereinafter referred to as IGS1. The invention also relates to inhibiting or activating the action of such polynucleotides and polypeptides, to a vector containing said polynucleotides, a host cell containing such vector and transgenic animals where the IGS1-gene is either overexpressed, misexpressed, underexpressed and/or suppressed (knock-out animals).

The invention further relates to a method for screening compounds capable to act as an agonist or an antagonist of said G-protein coupled receptor IGS1.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well established that many medically significant biological processes are mediated by proteins participating in signal transduction pathways that involve G-proteins and/or second messengers; cAMP (Lefkowitz, Nature, 1991, 351:353-354). Herein these proteins are referred to as proteins participating in pathways with G-proteins. Some examples of these proteins include the GPC receptors, such as those for adrenergic agents and dopamine (Kobilka, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 1987, 84:46-50; Kobilka, et al., Science, 1987, 238:650-656; Bunzow, et al., Nature, 1988, 336:783-787), G-proteins themselves, effector proteins, phospholipase C, adenylate cyclase, and phosphodiesterase, and actuator proteins, protein kinase A and protein kinase C (Simon, et al., Science, 1991, 252:802-8).

For example, in one form of signal transduction, upon hormone binding to a GPCR the receptor interacts with the heterotrimeric G-protein and induces the dissociation of GDP from the guanine nucleotide-binding site. At normal cellular concentrations of guanine nucleotides, GTP fills the site immediately. Binding of GTP to the a subunit of the G-protein causes the dissociation of the G-protein from the receptor and the dissociation of the G-protein into a and 3 y subunits. The GTP-carrying form then binds to activated adenylate cyclase. Hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, catalyzed by the G-protein itself (a subunit possesses an intrinsic GTPase activity), returns the G-protein to its basal, inactive form. The GTPase activity of the a subunit is, in essence, an internal clock that controls an on/off switch. The GDP bound form of the a subunit has high affinity for Ipy and subsequent reassociation of aGDP with 3y returns the system to the CONFIRMATION

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WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 2 basal state. Thus the G-protein serves a dual role, as an intermediate that relays the signal from receptor to effector (in this example adenylate cyclase), and as a clock that controls the duration of the signal.

The membrane bound superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors has been characterized as having seven putative transmembrane domains. The domains are believed to represent transmembrane a-helices connected by extracellular or cytoplasmic loops. G-protein coupled receptors include a wide range of biologically active receptors, such as hormone, viral, growth factor and neuroreceptors.

The G-protein coupled receptor family includes dopamine receptors which bind to neuroleptic drugs used for treating CNS disorders. Other examples of members of this family include, but are not limited to calcitonin, adrenergic, neuropeptideY, somastotatin, neurotensin, neurokinin, capsaicin, VIP, CGRP, CRF, CCK, bradykinin, galanin, motilin, nociceptin, endothelin, cAMP, adenosine, muscarinic, acetylcholine, serotonin, histamine, thrombin, kinin, follicle stimulating hormone, opsin, endothelial differentiation gene-1, rhodopsin, odorant, and cytomegalovirus receptors.

Most G-protein coupled receptors have single conserved cysteine residues in each of the first two extracellular loops which form disulfide bonds that are believed to stabilize functional protein structures. The 7 transmembrane regions are designated as TM1, TM2, TM3, TM4, TM6 and TM7. The cytoplasmic loop which connects TM5 and TM6 may be a major component of the G-protein binding domain.

Most G-protein coupled receptors contain potential phosphorylation sites within the third cytoplasmic loop and/or the carboxy terminus. For several G-protein coupled receptors, such as the P-adrenoreceptor, phosphorylation by protein kinase A and/or specific receptor kinases mediates receptor desensitization.

Recently, it was discovered that certain GPCRs, like the calcitonin-receptor like receptor, might interact with small single pass membrane proteins called receptor activity modifying proteins (RAMP's). This interaction of the GPCR with a certain RAMP is determining which natural ligands have relevant affinity for the GPCR-RAMP combination and regulate the functional signaling activity of the complex (McLathie, L.M. et al., Nature (1998) 393:333-339).

e at WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 3 For some receptors, the ligand binding sites of G-protein coupled receptors are believed to comprise hydrophilic sockets formed by several G-protein coupled receptor transmembrane domains, said sockets being surrounded by hydrophobic residues of the G-protein coupled receptors. The hydrophilic side of each G-protein coupled receptor transmembrane helix is postulated to face inward and form a polar ligand-binding site. TM3 has been implicated in several G-protein coupled receptors as having a ligand-binding site, such as the TM3 aspartate residue. TM5 serines, a TM6 asparagine and TM6 or TM7 phenylalanines or tyrosines are also implicated in ligand binding.

G-protein coupled receptors can be intracellularly coupled by heterotrimeric G-proteins to various intracellular enzymes, ion channels and transporters (see, Johnson et al., Endoc. Rev., 1989, 10:317-331). Different G-protein a-subunits preferentially stimulate particular effectors to modulate various biological functions in a cell. Phosphorylation of cytoplasmic residues of Gprotein coupled receptors has been identified as an important mechanism for the regulation of G-protein coupling of some G-protein coupled receptors. G-protein coupled receptors are found in numerous sites within a mammalian host.

Receptors primarily the GPCR class have led to more than half of the currently known drugs (Drews, Nature Biotechnology, 1996, 14: 1516). This indicates that these receptors have an established, proven history as therapeutic targets. The new IGS1 GPCR described in this invention clearly satisfies a need in the art for identification and characterization of further receptors that can play a role in diagnosing, preventing, ameliorating or correcting dysfunctions, disorders, or diseases, hereafter generally referred to as "the Diseases". The Diseases include, but are not limited to, psychiatric and CNS disorders, including schizophrenia, episodic paroxysmal anxiety (EPA) disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), phobia and panic, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, Parkinson's disease, general anxiety disorder, autism, delirium, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease/dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases, severe mental retardation, dyskinesias, Huntington's disease, Tourett's syndrome, tics, tremor, dystonia, spasms, anorexia, bulimia, stroke, addiction/dependency/craving, sleep disorder, epilepsy, migraine; attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, hypotension, hypertension e.g. essential hypertension, renal hypertension, or pulmonary hypertension, thrombosis, arteriosclerosis, cerebral vasospasm, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, peripheral vascular disease, Raynaud's disease, kidney disease e.g. renal failure; dyslipidemias; obesity; emesis; gastrointestinal disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastroesophagal reflux disease (GERD), motility disorders and conditions of delayed gastric emptying, such as post operative or diabetic gastroparesis, and diabetes, ulcers e.g. gastric ulcer; diarrhoea; other diseases including osteoporosis; inflammations; infections such as bacterial, fungal, protozoan and viral infections, particularly infections caused by HIV-1 or HIV-2; pain; cancers; chemotherapy induced injury; tumor invasion; immune disorders; urinary retention; asthma; allergies, arthritis, benign prostatic hypertrophy; endotoxin, shock sepsis; complication of diabetes mellitus; and gynaecological disorders.

In particular, the new IGS1 GPCR described in this invention satisfies a need in the art for identification and characterisation of further receptors that can play an important role in diagnosing, preventing, ameliorating or correcting psychiatric and CNS dysfunctions, disorders, or diseases, especially movement dysfunctions, disorders, or diseases, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, S° Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

S. 15 The discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like is included in this specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all of *these matters formed part of the prior art base or were common general S* knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention as it existed in Australia before the priority date of each claim of this application.

Throughout the description and claimed of this specification ,the word "comprise" and variations of the word, such as "comprising" and "comprises" are not intended to exclude other additives or components or integers or steps.

0 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, the invention relates to IGS1 polypeptides and recombinant materials and methods for their production. Another aspect of the invention relates to methods for using such IGS1 polypeptides and polynucleotides. Such uses include, but are not limited to, treatment of one of the diseases as mentioned above. In particular the uses include treatment of psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

W:Waryo\OTHER ATTORNE'S WORK\Debra Yin Foo- RAY EVANS\S9858-OOA SPECIldoc I I II 4a In still another aspect, the invention relates to methods to identify agonists and antagonists using the materials provided by the invention and treating conditions associated with IGS1 imbalance with the identified compounds. Yet another aspect of the invention relates to diagnostic assays for detecting diseases associated with inappropriate IGS1 activity or levels. A further aspect of the invention relates to animal-based systems which act as models for disorders arising from aberrant expression or activity of IGS1.

In particular, the present invention provides an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: a nucleotide sequence encoding the IGS1 polypeptide according to SEQ ID NO:2; a nucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide encoded by the DNA o insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baarn the Netherlands; o 15 a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity over its entire length to the nucleotide sequence of or and a nucleotide sequence which is complimentary to the nucleotide sequence of or or In certain embodiments the invention provides a DNA or RNA molecule comprising an expression system, wherein said expression system is capable of S:producing an IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence, which has at least 80% identity with the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 when said expression system is present in a compatible host cell.

The invention also provides an IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length.

And the invention further provides an antibody immunospecific for the IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length.

In another embodiment the invention provides a method for the treatment of a subject in need of enhanced activity or expression of IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length comprising: Y:\Files\655335655335_Speci4a4b.doc 4b administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agonist to said polypeptide; and/or providing to the subject an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that has at least 80% identity to a nucleotide sequence encoding the IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length; or a nucleotide sequence complementary to said nucleotide sequence in a form so as to effect production of said polypeptide activity in vivo.

Alternatively the present invention also provides a method for the treatment of a subject having need to inhibit activity or expression of IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length comprising: o administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an oo* antagonist to said polypeptide; and/or o 15 administering to the subject a polynucleotide that inhibits the expression of the nucleotide sequence encoding said polypeptide; and/or administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a polypeptide that competes with said polypeptide for its ligand.

Further, the invention provides a process for diagnosing a disease or a susceptibility to a disease in a subject related to expression or activity of the SIGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length in a subject comprising: determining the presence or absence of a mutation in the nucleotide sequence encoding said IGS1 polypeptide in the genome of said subject; and/or analysing for the presence or amount of the IGS1 polypeptide expression in a sample derived from said subject.

The invention also provides a method for identifying agonists to the IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length comprising: contacting a cell which produces a IGS1 polypeptide with a test compound; and Y:\Files655335\655335Speci4a4b.doc 4c determining whether the test compound effects a signal generated by activation of the IGS1 polypeptide.

The invention also provides method for identifying antagonists to the IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length comprising: contacting a cell which produces a IGS1 polypeptide with an agonist; and determining whether the signal generated by said agonist is diminished in the presence of a candidate compound.

A further embodiment of the invention is a method of creating a genetically modified non-human animal comprising the steps of: ligating the coding portion of a polynucleotide encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence which has at least 80% identity with the polypeptide of SEQ 15 ID NO:2 or a biologically active fragment thereof to a regulatory sequence which is capable of driving high level gene expression or expression in a cell type in which the gene is not normally expressed in said animal; or engineering the coding portion of a polynucleotide encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence which has at least 80% identity with the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 or a biologically active fragment thereof and reintroducing said sequence in the genome of said animal in such a way that the endogenous gene alleles encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence which is at least identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 or a biologically active fragment are fully or partially inactivated.

W:\Files655335\655335_Speci(c)doc BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1. Schematic representation of the relative positions of the different clones that were isolated to generate the consensus IGS1 contig. PCR primers used for cloning are indicated Clone HB4693 was obtained via overlap PCR of clones HNT1398 and HNT1413. The position of the IGS1 coding sequence (IGS1PROT) is indicated with asterisks The location of the IGS1DNA sequence with IGS1DNA is the part of the IGS1 contig of which the sequence was determined on at least 4 independent cDNA clones at every nucleotide position.

Figure 2. Multiple tissue expression array analysis using a human IGS 1 probe. There are a log of spurious signals on this membrane. Only the signals indicated by the arrows do coincide with the position of the deposited RNA and are specific.

15 Figure 3. Northern blot analysis of human IGS1 on RNA from different I :brain regions 00 0 0.

00* *l W:AMarty\OTHER ATTORNEY's WORODebra Yin Foo- RAY EVANS\59858-OA SPECI.doc WO 01/09184 PCT/EPOO/06878 6 Table 1: IGS1 -DNA of SEQ ID NO: 1

GCCTGCAACCTGTCYCACGCCCTCTGGCTGTTGCCATGACGTCCACCTGCACCAACAGCA

CGCGCGAGAGTAACAGCAGCCAC-ACGTGCATGCCCCTCTCCAAAATGCCCATCAGCCTGG

CCCACGGCATCATCCGCTCAACCGTGCTGGTTATCTTCCTCGCCGCCTC CGTCGGCA ACATAGTGCTGGCGCTAGTGTTrGCAGCGCAAGCCGCAGCTGCTGCAGGTGACCAACCGTT

TTATCTTTAACCTCCTCGTCACCGACCTGCTGCAGATTCGCTCGTGGCCCCCTGGGTGG

TGGCCACCTCTGTGCCTCTCTTCTGGCCCCTCAACAGCCACTTCTGCACGGCCCTGGTTA

GCCTCACCCACCTGTTCGCCTTCGCCAGCGTC-AACACCATTGTCTTGGTGTCAGTGGATC

GCTACTrTGTCCATCATCCACCCTCTCTCCTACCCGTCCAAGATGACCCAGCGCCGCGGTT

ACCTGCTCCTCTATGGCACCTGGATTGTGGCCATCCTGCAGAGCACTCCTCCACTCTACG

GCTGGGGCCAGGCTGCCTTTGATGAGCGCAATGCTCTCTGCTCCATGATCTGGGGGGCCA

GCCCCAGCTACACTATTCTCAGCOTGGTGTCCTTCATCGTCATCCACTGATTGTCATGA

TTGCCTGCTACTCCGTGGTGTTCTGTGCAGCCCGGAGGCAGCATGCTCTGCTGTACAA-TG

TCAAGAGACACAGCTTGGAAGTGCGAGTCAAGGACTGTGTGGAGAATGAGGATGAAGAGG

GAGCAGAGGAGGAGGAG=CCAGGATGAGAGTGAGTTCGCCGCCAGCTGAAGGTG

AGGTCAAGGCCAAGGAGGGCAGAATGGAAGCCAAGGACGGCAGCCTGAAGGCCAAGGAAG

GAAGCACGGGGACCAGTGAGAGTAGTGTAGAGGCCAGGGGCAGCGAGGAGGTCAGAGAGA

GCAGCACGGTGGCCAGCGACGGCAGCATGGAGGGTAAGGAAGcGCAGCACCAAAGTTGAGG AGAP.CAGCATGAAGGCAGACAAGGGTCGCACAGAGGTCAACCAGTGCAGCATTGA GG

GTGAAGATGGCATGGAGTTTGGTGAAGACGACATCAATTTCAG.TGAGGATGACGTCGAGG

CAGTGAACATCCCGGAGAGCCTCCCACCCAGTCGTCGTAALCAGCAACAGCAACCCTCCTC

TGCCCAGGTGCTACCAGTGCAAAGCTGCTAAAGTGATCTTCATCATCATTTTCTCCTATG

TGCTATCCCTGGGGCCCTACTGCTTTTAGCAGTCCTGGCCGTGTGGGTGGATGTCGAAA

CCCAGGTACCCCAGTGGGTGATCACCATAATCATCTGGC TCTTCCTGCAGTGCTGCA

TCCACCCCTATGTCTATGGCTACATGCACAAGACCATTAAGAAGGAAATCCAGGACATGC

TGAAGAAGTTCTTCTGCAAGGAAAAGCCCCCGAAAGAAGATAGCCACCCAGACCTGCCCG

GAACAGAGGGTGGOACTGAAGGCAAGATTGTCCCTTCCTACGATTCTGCTACTTCCTT

GAAGTTAGTTcTAAGGcAAAccITGAAAATCAGTCCTTCAGCCACAGCTATTTAG.AGCTT TAAAACTACCAGGTTCAATCACTGGTTATGCTTI'CTGTG- 3' WO 01/09184 PCTEPOOIO6878 7 Table 2: IGS 1-protein of SEQ ID NO: 2 MTSTCTNSTRESNSSHTCMPLS KMPISLAHGIIRSTVLVIFLAAS FVGNIVLALVLQRKP

QLLQVTNRFIFLLVDLLISLVAPWVVATSVPLFWPLNSHFCTALVSLTHLFAYASVN

TIVLVSVDRYLS IIHPLSYPSKMTQRRGYLLSYGTWIVAILQSTPPLYGWGQAAFDERNA LCSMIWGASPSYTILSVVSFIVIPLIVMIACYSVVFCAARRQHALLYNVKRiSLEVRVKD CENEDEEGAEKEEFQDESEFRRQHEGEVKAcEGRMEADGSLKAKEGSTGTSESSVEA

RGSEEVRESSTVASDGSMEGKEGSTKVEENSMKADKGRTEVNQCSIDLGEDGMEFGEDDI

NFSEDDVEAVN.IPESLPPSRRNSNSNPPLPRCYQCKAAICVIFII IFSYVLSLGPYCFLAV LAVWVDVETQVPQWVITI IIWLFFLQCCIHPYVYGYTIKKXIIDMYKFCKEKPPK

EDSHPDLPGTEGGTEGICIVPSYDSATFP

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 8 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Structural similarity, in the context of sequences and motifs, exists among the IGS1 GPCR of the invention and other human GPCR's. In addition, IGS1 is expressed in brain tissues, in particular in caudate nucleus and putamen. Therefore, IGS1 is implied to play a role among other things in the Diseases mentioned above. IGS1 in particular is implied to play a role in psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods, devices, and materials are now described. All publications cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference herein as though fully set forth.

Definitions The following definitions are provided to facilitate understanding of certain terms used frequently herein.

"IGS1" refers, among others, to a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:2, or an allelic variant thereof.

"Receptor Activity" or "Biological Activity of the Receptor" refers to the metabolic or physiologic function of said IGS1 including similar activities or improved activities or these activities with decreased undesirable side effects. Also included are antigenic and immunogenic activities of said IGS1.

"IGS1-gene" refers to a polynucleotide comprising the nucleotide sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO:1 or allelic variants thereof and/or their complements.

"Antibodies" as used herein includes polyclonaf-and monoclonal antibodies, chimeric, single chain, and humanized antibodies, as well as Fab fragments, including the products of a Fab or other immunoglobulin expression library.

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 9 "Isolated" means altered "by the hand of man" from the natural state and/or separated from the natural environment. Thus, if an "isolated" composition or substance that occurs in nature has been "isolated", it has been changed or removed from its original environment, or both. For example, a polynucleotide or a polypeptide naturally present in a living animal is not "isolated," but the same polynucleotide or polypeptide separated from the coexisting materials of its natural state is "isolated", as the term is employed herein.

"Polynucleotide" generally refers to any polyribonucleotide or polydeoxribonucleotide, which may be unmodified RNA or DNA or modified RNA or DNA. "Polynucleotides" include, without limitation single- and double-stranded DNA, DNA that is a mixture of single- and doublestranded regions, single- and double-stranded RNA, and RNA that is a mixture of single-and double-stranded regions, hybrid molecules comprising DNA and RNA that may be singlestranded or, more typically, double-stranded or a mixture of single- and double-stranded regions.

In addition, "polynucleotide" may also include triple-stranded regions comprising RNA or DNA or both RNA and DNA. The term polynucleotide also includes DNAs or RNAs containing one or more modified bases and DNAs or RNAs with backbones modified for stability or for other reasons. "Modified" bases include, for example, tritylated bases and unusual bases such as inosine. A variety of modifications has been made to DNA and RNA; thus, "polynucleotide" embraces chemically, enzymatically or metabolically modified forms of polynucleotides as typically found in nature, as well as the chemical forms of DNA and RNA characteristic of viruses and cells. "Polynucleotide" also embraces relatively short polynucleotides, often referred to as oligonucleotides.

"Polypeptide" refers to any peptide or protein comprising two or more amino acids joined to each other by peptide bonds or modified peptide bonds, peptide isosteres. "Polypeptide" refers to short chains, commonly referred to as peptides, oligopeptides or oligomers, and to longer chains, generally referred to as proteins, and/or to combinations thereof. Polypeptides may contain amino acids other than the 20 gene-encoded amino acids. "Polypeptides" include amino acid sequences modified either by natural processes, such as posttranslational processing, or by chemical modification techniques which are well known in the art. Such modifications are well-described in basic texts and in more detailed monographs, as well as in a voluminous research literature. Modifications can occur anywhere in a polypeptide, including the peptide backbone, the amino acid side-chains and the amino or carboxyl termini. It will be appreciated that the same type of modification may be present in the same or varying degrees at several sites in a given polypeptide. Also, a given polypeptide may contain many types of modifications. Polypeptides may be branched as a result of ubiquitination, and they may be WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 cyclic, with or without branching. Cyclic, branched and branched cyclic polypeptides may result from posttranslation natural processes or may be made by synthetic methods. Modifications include acetylation, acylation, ADP-ribosylation, amidation, covalent attachment of flavin, covalent attachment of a heme moiety, covalent attachment of a nucleotide or nucleotide derivative, covalent attachment of a lipid or lipid derivative, covalent attachment of phosphotidylinositol; cross-linking, cyclization, disulfide bond formation, demethylation, formation of covalent cross-links, formation of cystine, formation of pyroglutamate, formylation, gammacarboxylation, glycosylation, GPI anchor formation, hydroxylation, iodination, methylation, myristoylation, oxidation, proteolytic processing, phosphorylation, prenylation, racemization, selenoylation, sulfation, transfer-RNA mediated addition of amino acids to proteins such as arginylation, and ubiquitination. See, for instance, PROTEINS STRUCTURE AND MOLECULAR PROPERTIES, 2nd Ed., T. E. Creighton, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 1993 and Wold, Posttranslational Protein Modifications: Perspectives and Prospects, pgs. 1-12 in POSTTRANSLATIONAL COVALENT MODIFICATION OF PROTEINS, B. C.

Johnson, Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1983; Seifter et al., "Analysis for protein modifications and nonprotein cofactors", Meth. Enzymol. (1990) 182:626-646 and Rattan et al., "Protein Synthesis: Posttranslational Modifications and Aging", Ann: NY Acad. Sci. (1992) 663:48-62.

"Variant" as the term is used herein, is a polynucleotide or polypeptide that differs from a reference polynucleotide or polypeptide respectively, but retains essential properties such as essential biological, structural, regulatory or biochemical properties. A typical variant of a polynucleotide differs in nucleotide sequence from another, reference polynucleotide. Changes in the nucleotide sequence of the variant may or may not alter the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide encoded by the reference polynucleotide. Nucleotide changes may result in amino acid substitutions, additions, deletions, fusions and truncations in the polypeptide encoded by the reference sequence, as discussed below. A typical variant of a polypeptide differs in amino acid sequence from another, reference polypeptide. Generally, differences are limited so that the sequences of the reference polypeptide and the variant are closely similar overall and, in many regions, identical. A variant and reference polypeptide may differ in amino acid sequence by one or more substitutions, additions, and deletions in any combination. A substituted or inserted amino acid residue may or may not be one encoded by the genetic code. A variant of a polynucleotide or polypeptide may be a naturally occurring such as an allelic variant, or it may be a variant that is not known to occur naturally. Non-naturally occurring variants of polynucleotides and polypeptides may be made by mutagenesis techniques or by direct synthesis.

"Identity" is a measure of the identity of nucleotide sequences or amino acid sequences.

In general, the sequences are aligned so that the highest order match is obtained. "Identity" per WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 11 se has an art-recognized meaning and can be calculated using published techniques. See, e.g.: (COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Lesk, ed., Oxford University Press, New York, 1988; BIOCOMPUTING: INFORMATICS AND GENOME PROJECTS, Smith, ed.; Academic Press, New York, 1993; COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF SEQUENCE DATA, PART I, Griffin, and Griffin, eds., Humana Press, New Jersey, 1994; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, von Heinje, Academic Press, 1987; and SEQUENCE ANALYSIS PRIMER, Gribskov, M. and Devereux, eds., M Stockton Press, New York, 1991).

While there exist a number of methods to measure identity between two polynucleotide or polypeptide sequences, the term "identity" is well known to skilled artisans (Carillo, and Lipton, SIAM J. Applied Math. (1988) 48:1073). Methods commonly employed to determine identity or similarity between two sequences include, but are not limited to, those disclosed in Guide to Huge Computers, Martin J. Bishop, ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 1994, and Carillo, and Lipton, SIAM J. Applied Math. (1988) 48:1073. Methods to determine identity and similarity are codified in computer programs. Preferred computer program methods to determine identity and similarity between two sequences include, but are not limited to, GCG program package (Devereux, et al., Nucleic Acids Research (1984) 12(1):387), BLASTP, BLASTN, FASTA (Atschul, S.F. et al., J. Molec. Biol. (1990) 215:403). The word "homology" may substitute for the words "identity".

As an illustration, by a polynucleotide having a nucleotide sequence having at least, for example, 95% "identity" to a reference nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 is intended that the nucleotide sequence of the polynucleotide is identical to the reference sequence except that the polynucleotide sequence may include up to five nucleotide differences per each 100 nucleotides of the reference nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. In other words, to obtain a polynucleotide having a nucleotide sequence at least 95% identical to a reference nucleotide sequence, up to any 5% of the nucleotides in the reference sequence may be deleted or substituted with another nucleotide, or a number of nucleotides up to any 5% of the total nucleotides in the reference sequence may be inserted into the reference sequence, or in a number of nucleotides of up to any 5% of the total nucleotides in the reference sequence there may be a combination of deletion, insertion and substitution. These mutations of the reference sequence may occur at the 5 or 3 terminal positions of the reference nucleotide sequence or anywhere between those terminal positions, interspersed either individually among nucleotides in the reference sequence or in one or more contiguous groups within the reference sequence.

Similarly, by a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence having at least, for example, "identity" to a reference amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 is intended that the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide is identical to the reference sequence except that the WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 12 polypeptide sequence may include up to five amino acid alterations per each 100 amino acids of the reference amino acid of SEQ ID NO: 2. In other words, to obtain a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence at least 95% identical to a reference amino acid sequence, up to 5% of the amino acid residues in the reference sequence may be deleted or substituted with another amino acid, or a number of amino acids up to 5% of the total amino acid residues in the reference sequence may be inserted into the reference sequence. These alterations of the reference sequence may occur at the amino or carboxy terminal positions of the reference amino acid sequence or anywhere between those terminal positions, interspersed either individually among residues in the reference sequence or in one or more contiguous groups within the reference sequence.

Polypeptides of the Invention In one aspect, the present invention relates to IGS1 polypeptides (including IGS1 proteins). The IGS1 polypeptides include the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 and the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence encoded by the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049, deposited on July 15, 1999 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands; as well as polypeptides comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 and the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence encoded by the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands and polypeptides comprising the amino acid sequence which have at least 80% identity to that of SEQ ID NO:2 and/or the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence encoded by the DNA insert contained in the deposit no.CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands over its entire length, and still more preferably at least 90% identity, and even still more preferably at least 95% identity to said amino acid sequence. Furthermore, those with at least 97%, in particular at least 99%, are highly preferred. Also included within IGS1 polypeptides are polypeptides having the amino acid sequence which have at least 80% identity to the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence encoded by the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands over its entire length, and still more preferably at least 90% identity, and even still more preferably at least 95% identity to SEQ ID NO: 2. Furthermore, those with at least 97%, in particular at least 99% are highly preferred. Preferably IGS1 polypeptides exhibit at least one biological activity of the receptor.

The IGS1 polypeptides may be in the form of the "mature" protein or may be a part of a larger protein such as a fusion protein. It is often advantageous to include an additional amino acid sequence which contains secretory or leader sequences, pro-sequences, sequences which WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 13 aid in purification such as multiple histidine residues, or an additional sequence for stability during recombinant production.

Fragments of the IGS1 polypeptides are also included in the invention. A fragment is a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence that is the same as part of, but not all of, the amino acid sequence of the aforementioned IGS1 polypeptides. As with IGS1 polypeptides, fragments may be "free-standing," or comprised within a larger polypeptide of which they form a part or region, most preferably as a single continuous region. Representative examples of polypeptide fragments of the invention, include, for example, fragments from about amino acid number 1-20; 21-40, 41-60, 61-80, 81-100; and 101 to the end of IGS1 polypeptide. In this context "about" includes the particularly recited ranges larger or smaller by several, 5, 4, 3, 2 or 1 amino acid at either extreme or at both extremes.

Preferred fragments include, for example, truncation polypeptides having the amino acid sequence of IGS1 polypeptides, except for deletion of a continuous series of residues that includes the amino terminus, or a continuous series of residues that includes the carboxyl terminus or deletion of two continuous series of residues, one including the amino terminus and one including the carboxyl terminus. Also preferred are fragments characterized by structural or functional attributes such as fragments that comprise alpha-helix and alpha-helix forming regions, beta-sheet and beta-sheet-forming regions, turn and turn-forming regions, coil and coilforming regions, hydrophilic regions, hydrophobic regions, alpha amphipathic regions, beta amphipathic regions, flexible regions, surface-forming regions, substrate binding region, and high antigenic index regions. Other preferred fragments are biologically active fragments.

Biologically active fragments are those that mediate receptor activity, including those with a similar activity or an improved activity, or with a decreased undesirable activity. Also included are those that are antigenic or immunogenic in an animal, especially in a human.

Thus, the polypeptides of the invention include polypeptides having an amino acid sequence at least 80% identical to that of SEQ ID NO:2 and/or the polypeptide having the amino acid sequence encoded by the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands, or fragments thereof with at least 80% identity to the corresponding fragment. Preferably, all of these polypeptide fragments retain the biological activity of the receptor, including antigenic activity. Variants of the defined sequence and fragments also form part of the present invention. Preferred variants are those that vary from the referents by conservative amino acid-substitutions those that substitute a residue with another of like characteristics. Typical such substitutions are among Ala, Val, Leu and lie; among Ser and Thr; among the acidic residues Asp and Glu; among Asn and Gin; and WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 14 among the basic residues Lys and Arg; or aromatic residues Phe and Tyr. Particularly preferred are variants in which several, 5-10, 1-5, or 1-2 amino acids are substituted, deleted, or added in any combination.

The IGS1 polypeptides of the invention can be prepared in any suitable manner. Such polypeptides include isolated naturally occurring polypeptides, recombinantly produced polypeptides, synthetically produced polypeptides, or polypeptides produced by a combination of these methods. Methods for preparing such polypeptides are well known in the art.

Polynucleotides of the Invention A further aspect of the invention relates to IGS1 polynucleotides. IGS1 polynucleotides include isolated polynucleotides which encode the IGS1 polypeptides and fragments, and polynucleotides closely related thereto. More specifically, the IGS1 polynucleotide of the invention includes a polynucleotide comprising the nucleotide sequence contained in SEQ ID NO:1, such as the one capable of encoding a IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2, polynucleotides having the particular sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 and polynucleotides which essentially correspond to the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands.

IGS1 polynucleotides further include a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that has at least 80% identity over its entire length to a nucleotide sequence encoding the IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2, a polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that is at least identical to that of SEQ ID NO:1 over its entire length and a polynucleotide which essentially correspond to the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands.

In this regard, polynucleotides with at least 90% identity are particularly preferred, and those with at least 95% are especially preferred. Furthermore, those with at least 97% are highly preferred and those with at least 98-99% are most highly preferred, with at least 99% being the most preferred. Also included under IGS1 polynucleotides are a nucleotide sequence which has sufficient identity to a nucleotide sequence contained in SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baam the Netherlands to hybridize under conditions useable for amplification or for use as a probe or marker. The invention also provides polynucleotides which are complementary to such IGS1 polynucleotides.

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 IGS1 of the invention is structurally related to other proteins of the G-protein coupled receptor family, as shown by the results of BLAST searches in the public databases. The amino acid sequence of Table 2 (SEQ ID NO:2) has about 30 identity (using BLAST, Altschul S.F. et al. [1997], Nucleic Acids Res. 25:3389-3402) in major parts (amino acid residues 7-222 and 396- 470) with the rabbit alpha-1c adrenergic receptor (Accession 002824, Miyamoto S. et al, RL Life Sci. (1997) 60:2069-2074), and about 33 identity over amino acid residues 31-220 with the human G-protein coupled receptor RE2 (GenBank Accession AF091890). The nucleotide sequence of Table 1 (SEQ ID NO:1) is 57 identical to human alpha-la/d adrenergic receptor over 266 nucleotide residues (Accession L31722, Bruno et al. Biochem. Biophys. Res.

Commun. (1991) 179:1485-1490), and 44 identical to the human G-protein coupled receptor RE2 over the first 1426 nucleotide residues (GenBank Accession AF091890). Furthermore, hydropathy analysis (Hofmann, Stoffel, W. (1993) Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 347:166) of the IGS1-protein sequence indicated the presence of 7 transmembrane domains. Thus, IGS1 polypeptides and polynucleotides of the present invention are expected to have, inter alia, similar biological functions/properties to their homologous polypeptides and polynucleotides, and their utility is obvious to anyone skilled in the art.

Polynucleotides of the invention can be obtained from natural sources such as genomic DNA. In particular, degenerated PCR primers can be designed that encode conserved regions within a particular GPCR gene subfamily. PCR amplification reactions on genomic DNA or cDNA using the degenerate primers will result in the amplification of several members (both known and novel) of the gene family under consideration (the degenerated primers must be located within the same exon, when a genomic template is used). (Libert et al., Science, 1989, 244: 569-572).

Polynucleotides of the invention can also be synthesized using well-known and commercially available techniques.

The nucleotide sequence encoding the IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 may be identical to the polypeptide encoding sequence contained in SEQ ID NO:1 (nucleotide number 36 to 1559), or it may be a different nucleotide sequence, which as a result of the redundancy (degeneracy) of the genetic code might also show alterations compared to the polypeptide encoding sequence contained in SEQ ID NO:1, but also encodes the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2.

When the polynucleotides of the invention are used for the recombinant production of the IGS1 polypeptide, the polynucleotide may include the. coding sequence for the mature polypeptide or a fragment thereof, by itself; the coding sequence for the mature polypeptide or WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 16 fragment in reading frame with other coding sequences, such as those encoding a leader or secretory sequence, a pre-, or pro- or prepro- protein sequence, or other fusion peptide portions.

For example, a marker sequence which facilitates purification of the fused polypeptide can be encoded. In certain preferred embodiments of this aspect of the invention, the marker sequence is a hexa-histidine peptide, as provided in the pQE vector (Qiagen, Inc.) and described in Gentz et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA (1989) 86:821-824, or is an HA tag. The polynucleotide may also contain non-coding 5' and 3' sequences, such as transcribed, non-translated sequences, splicing and polyadenylation signals, ribosome binding sites and sequences that stabilize mRNA.

Further preferred embodiments are polynucleotides encoding IGS1 variants comprising the amino acid sequence of the IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 in which several, 5-10, 1-5, 1- 3, 1-2 or 1 amino acid residues are substituted, deleted or added, in any combination.

The polynucleotides of the invention can be engineered using methods generally known in the art in order to alter IGS1-encoding sequences for a variety of purposes including, but not limited to, modification of the cloning, processing, and/or expression of the gene product. DNA shuffling by random fragmentation and PCR reassembly of gene fragments and synthetic oligonucleotides may be used to engineer the nucleotide sequences. For example, oligonucleotide-mediated site-directed mutagenesis may be used to introduce mutations that create amino acid substitutions, create new restriction sites, alter modification glycosylation or phosphorylation) pattems, change codon preference, produce splice variants, and so forth.

The present invention further relates to polynucleotides that hybridize to the herein abovedescribed sequences. In this regard, the present invention especially relates to polynucleotides which hybridize under stringent conditions to the herein above-described polynucleotides. As herein used, the term "stringent conditions" means hybridization will occur only if there is at least and preferably at least 90%, and more preferably at least 95%, yet even more preferably at least 97%, in particular at least 99% identity between the sequences.

Polynucleotides of the invention, which are identical or sufficiently identical to a nucleotide sequence contained in SEQ ID NO:1 or a fragment thereof, may be used as hybridization probes for cDNA and genomic DNA, to isolate full-length cDNAs and genomic clones encoding IGS1 and to isolate cDNA and genomic clones of other genes (including genes encoding homologs and orthologs from species other than human) that have a high sequence similarity to the IGS1 gene. People skilled in the art are well aware of such hybridization techniques. Typically these nucleotide sequences are 80% identical, preferably 90% identical, more preferably 95% identical to that of the referent. The probes generally will comprise at least 5 nucleotides, and preferably WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 17 at least 8 nucleotides, and more preferably at least 10 nucleotides, yet even more preferably at least 12 nucleotides, in particular at least 15 nucleotides. Most preferred, such probes will have at least 30 nucleotides and may have at least 50 nucleotides. Particularly preferred probes will range between 30 and 50 nucleotides.

One embodiment, to obtain a polynucleotide encoding the IGS1 polypeptide, including homologs and orthologs from species other than human, comprises the steps of screening an appropriate library under stringent hybridization conditions with a labeled probe having the SEQ ID NO: 1 or a fragment thereof, and isolating full-length cDNA and genomic clones containing said polynucleotide sequence. Such hybridization techniques are well known to those of skill in the art. Stringent hybridization conditions are as defined above or alternatively conditions under overnight incubation at 42 OC in a solution comprising: 50% formamide, 5xSSC (150mM NaCI, trisodium citrate), 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH7.6), 5x Denhardt's solution, 10 dextran sulfate, and 20 microgram/ml denatured, sheared salmon sperm DNA, followed by washing the filters in 0.1xSSC at about 65 0

C.

The polynucleotides and polypeptides of the present invention may be used as research reagents and materials for discovery of treatments and diagnostics to animal and human disease.

Vectors, Host Cells, Expression The present invention also relates to vectors which comprise a polynucleotide or polynucleotides of the present invention, and host cells which are genetically engineered with vectors of the invention and to the production of polypeptides of the invention by recombinant techniques. Cell-free translation systems can also be used to produce such proteins using RNAs derived from the DNA constructs of the present invention.

For recombinant production, host cells can be genetically engineered to incorporate expression systems or portions thereof for polynucleotides of the present invention. Introduction of polynucleotides into host cells can be effected by methods described in many standard laboratory manuals, such as Davis et al., BASIC METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (1986) and Sambrook et al., MOLECULAR CLONING: A LABORATORY MANUAL, 2nd Ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. (1989) such as calcium phosphate transfection, DEAE-dextran mediated transfection, transvection, microinjection, cationic lipidmediated transfection, electroporation, transduction, scrape loading, ballistic introduction or infection.

WO 01/09184 PCTIEP00/06878 18 Representative examples of appropriate hosts include bacterial cells, such as streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli, Streptomyces and Bacillus subtilis cells; fungal cells, such as yeast cells and Aspergillus cells; insect cells such as Drosophila S2 and Spodoptera Sf9 cells; animal cells such as CHO, COS, HeLa, C127, 3T3, BHK, HEK 293 and Bowes melanoma cells; and plant cells.

A great variety of expression systems can be used. Such systems include, among others, chromosomal, episomal and virus-derived systems, vectors derived from bacterial plasmids, from bacteriophage, from transposons, from yeast episomes, from insertion elements, from yeast chromosomal elements, from viruses such as baculoviruses, papova viruses, such as SV40, vaccinia viruses, adenoviruses, fowl pox viruses, pseudorabies viruses and retroviruses, and vectors derived from combinations thereof, such as those derived from plasmid and bacteriophage genetic elements, such as cosmids and phagemids. The expression systems may contain control regions that regulate as well as engender expression. Generally, any system or vector suitable to maintain, propagate or express polynucleotides to produce a polypeptide in a host may be used. The appropriate nucleotide sequence may be inserted into an expression system by any of a variety of well-known and routine techniques, such as, for example, those set forth in Sambrook et al., MOLECULAR CLONING, A LABORATORY MANUAL (supra).

For secretion of the translated protein into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, into the periplasmic space or into the extracellular environment, appropriate secretion signals may be incorporated into the desired polypeptide. These signals may be endogenous to the polypeptide or they may be heterologous signals.

If the IGS1 polypeptide is to be expressed for use in screening assays, generally, it is preferred that the polypeptide be produced at the surface of the cell. In this event, the cells may be harvested prior to use in the screening assay. In case the affinity or functional activity of the IGS1 polypeptide is modified by receptor activity modifying proteins (RAMP), coexpression of the relevant RAMP most likely at the surface of the cell is preferred and often required. Also in this event harvesting of cells expressing the IGS1 polypeptide and the relevant RAMP prior to use in screening assays is required. If the IGS1 polypeptide is secreted into the medium, the medium can be recovered in order to recover and purify the polypeptide; if produced intracellularly, the cells must first be lysed before the polypeptide is recovered.

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 19 IGS1 polypeptides can be recovered and purified from recombinant cell cultures by wellknown methods including ammonium sulfate or ethanol precipitation, acid extraction, anion or cation exchange chromatography, phosphocellulose chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, affinity chromatography, hydroxylapatite chromatography and lectin chromatography. Most preferably, high performance liquid chromatography is employed for purification. Well-known techniques for refolding proteins may be employed to regenerate active conformation when the polypeptide is denatured during isolation and or purification.

Diagnostic Assays This invention also relates to the use of IGS1 polynucleotides for use as diagnostic reagents. Detection of a mutated form of the IGS1 gene associated with a dysfunction will provide a diagnostic tool that can add to or define a diagnosis of a disease or susceptibility to a disease which results from under-expression, over-expression or altered expression of IGS1.

Also in this event co-expression of relevant receptor activity modifying proteins can be required to obtain diagnostic assays of desired quality. Individuals carrying mutations in the IGS1 gene may be detected at the DNA level by a variety of techniques.

Nucleic acids for diagnosis may be obtained from a subject's cells, such as from blood, urine, saliva, tissue biopsy or autopsy material. The genomic DNA may be used directly for detection or may be amplified enzymatically by using PCR or other amplification techniques prior to analysis. RNA or cDNA may also be used in similar fashion. Deletions and insertions can be detected by a change in size of the amplified product in comparison to the normal genotype.

Point mutations can be identified by hybridizing amplified DNA to labeled IGS1 nucleotide sequences. Perfectly matched sequences can be distinguished from mismatched duplexes by RNase digestion or by differences in melting temperatures. DNA sequence differences may also be detected by alterations in electrophoretic mobility of DNA fragments in gels, with or without denaturing agents, or by direct DNA sequencing. See, Myers et al., Science (1985) 230:1242. Sequence changes at specific locations may also be revealed by nuclease protection assays, such as RNase and S1 protection or the chemical cleavage method. See Cotton et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1985) 85: 4397-4401. In another embodiment, an array of oligonucleotide probes comprising the IGS1 nucleotide sequence or fragments thereof can be constructed to conduct efficient screening of genetic mutations. Array technology methods are well known and have general applicability and can be used to address a variety of questions in molecular genetics including gene expression, genetic linkage, and genetic variability. (See for example: M.Chee et al., Science, Vol 274, pp 610-613 (1996)).

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 The diagnostic assays offer a process for diagnosing or determining a susceptibility to among other things the Diseases as mentioned above, through detection of mutation in the IGS1 gene by the methods described. The diagnostic assays in particular offer a process for diagnosing or determining a susceptibility to psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms, through detection of mutation in the IGS1 gene by the methods described.

In addition, among other things the Diseases as mentioned above can be diagnosed by methods comprising determining from a sample derived from a subject an abnormally decreased or increased level of the IGS1 polypeptide or IGS1 mRNA. In particular psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms, can be diagnosed by methods comprising determining from a sample derived from a subject an abnormally decreased or increased level of the IGS1 polypeptide or IGS1 mRNA.

Decreased or increased expression can be measured at the RNA level using any of the methods well known in the art for the quantitation of polynucleotides, such as, for example, PCR, RT-PCR, RNase protection, Northem blotting and other hybridization methods. Assay techniques that can be used to determine levels of a protein, such as an IGS1, in a sample derived from a host are well known to those of skill in the art. Such assay methods include radioimmunoassays, competitive-binding assays, Westem Blot analysis and ELISA assays.

In another aspect, the present invention relates to a diagnostic kit for among other things the Diseases or suspectability to one of the Diseases as mentioned above. In particular, the present invention relates to a diagnostic kit for psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

The kit may comprise: an IGS1 polynucleotide, preferably the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, or a fragment thereof; and/or a nucleotide sequence complementary to that of and/or an IGS1 polypeptide, preferably the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2, or a fragment thereof; and/or an antibody to an IGS1 polypeptide, preferably to the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO: 2; and/or WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 21 a RAMP polypeptide required for the relevant biological or antigenic properties of an IGS1 polypeptide.

It will be appreciated that in any such kit, or may comprise a substantial component.

Chromosome Assays The nucleotide sequences of the present invention are also valuable for chromosome identification. The sequence is specifically targeted to and can hybridize with a particular location on an individual human chromosome. The mapping of relevant sequences to chromosomes according to the present invention is an important first step in correlating those sequences with gene associated disease. Once a sequence has been mapped to a precise chromosomal location, the physical position of the sequence on the chromosome can be correlated with genetic map data. Such data are found, for example, in V. McKusick, Mendelian Inheritance in Man (available on line through Johns Hopkins University Welch Medical Library). The relationship between genes and diseases that have been mapped to the same chromosomal region are then identified through linkage analysis (coinheritance of physically adjacent genes).

The differences in the cDNA or genomic sequence between affected and unaffected individuals can also be determined. If a mutation is observed in some or all of the affected individuals but not in any normal individuals, then the mutation is likely to be the causative agent of the disease.

Antibodies The polypeptides of the invention or their fragments or analogs thereof, or cells expressing them if required together with relevant RAMP's, may also be used as immunogens to produce antibodies immunospecific for the IGS1 polypeptides. The term "immunospecific" means that the antibodies have substantiall greater affinity for the polypeptides of the invention than their affinity for other related polypeptides in the prior art.

Antibodies generated against the IGS1 polypeptides may be obtained by administering the polypeptides or epitope-bearing fragments, analogs or cells to an animal, preferably a nonhuman, using routine protocols. For preparation of monoclonal antibodies, any technique, which provides antibodies produced by continuous cell line cultures, may be used. Examples include the hybridoma technique (Kohler, G. and Milstein, Nature (1975) 256:495-497), the trioma technique, the human B-cell hybridoma technique (Kozbor et al., Immunology Today WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 22 (1983) 4:72) and the EBV-hybridoma technique (Cole et al., MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES AND CANCER THERAPY, pp. 77-96, Alan R. Liss, Inc., 1985).

The above-described antibodies may be employed to isolate or to identify clones expressing the polypeptide or to purify the polypeptides by affinity chromatography.

Antibodies against IGS1 polypeptides as such, or against IGSlpolypeptide-RAMP complexes, may also be employed to treat among other things the Diseases as mentioned above. In particular, antibodies against IGS1 polypeptides as such, or against IGS1 polypeptide- RAMP complexes, may be employed to treat psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

Animals Another aspect of the invention relates to non-human animal-based systems which act as models for disorders arising from aberrant expression or activity of IGS1. Non-human animalbased model systems may also be used to further characterize the activity of the IGS1 gene.

Such systems may be utilized as part of screening strategies designed to identify compounds which are capable to treat IGS1 based disorders such as among other things the Diseases as mentioned above. In particular, the systems may be utilized as part of screening strategies designed to identify compounds which are capable to treat IGS1 based psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

In this way the animal-based models may be used to identify pharmaceutical compounds, therapies and interventions which may be effective in treating disorders of aberrant expression or activity of IGS1. In addition such animal models may be used to determine the LDso and the

ED

50 in animal subjects. These data may be used to determine the in vivo efficacy of potential IGS1 disorder treatments.

Animal-based model systems of IGS1 based disorders, based on aberrant IGS1 expression or activity, may include both non-recombinant animals as well as recombinantly engineered transgenic animals.

Animal models for IGS1 disorders may include, for example, genetic models. Animal models exhibiting IGS1 based disorder-like symptoms may be engineered by utilizing, for example, IGS1 sequences such as those described, above, in conjunction with techniques for WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 23 producing transgenic animals that are well known to persons skilled in the art. For example, IGS1 sequences may be introduced into, and overexpressed and/or misexpressed in, the genome of the animal of interest, or, if endogenous IGS1 sequences are present, they may either be overexpressed, misexpressed, or, alternatively, may be disrupted in order to underexpress or inactivate IGS1 gene expression.

In order to overexpress or misexpress a IGS1 gene sequence, the coding portion of the IGS1 gene sequence may be ligated to a regulatory sequence which is capable of driving high level gene expression or expression in a cell type in which the gene is not normally expressed in the animal type of interest. Such regulatory regions will be well known to those skilled in the art, and may be utilized in the absence of undue experimentation.

For underexpression of an endogenous IGS1 gene sequence, such a sequence may be isolated and engineered such that when reintroduced into the genome of the animal of interest, the endogenous IGS1 gene alleles will be inactivated, or "knocked-out". Preferably, the engineered IGS1 gene sequence is introduced via gene targeting such that the endogenous IGS1 sequence is disrupted upon integration of the engineered IGS1 gene sequence into the animal's genome.

Animals of any species, including, but not limited to, mice, rats, rabbits, squirrels, guineapigs, pigs, micro-pigs, goats, and non-human primates, baboons, monkeys, and chimpanzees may be used to generate animal models of IGS1 related disorders.

Any technique known in the art may be used to introduce a IGS1 transgene into animals to produce the founder lines of transgenic animals. Such techniques include, but are not limited to pronuclear microinjection (Hoppe, P.C. and Wagner, 1989, U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,191); retrovirus mediated gene transfer into germ lines (van der Putten et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA 82:6148-6152, 1985); gene targeting in embryonic stem cells (Thompson etaL, Cell 56:313-321, 1989,); electroporation of embryos (Lo, Mol. Cell. Biol. 3:1803-1814, 1983); and sperm-mediated gene transfer (Lavitrano et al., Cell 57:717-723, 1989); etc. For a review of such techniques, see Gordon, Transgenic Animals, Intl. Rev. Cytol.115:171-229, 1989.

The present invention provides for transgenic animals that carry the IGS1 transgene in all their cells, as well as animals which carry the transgene in some, but not all their cells, i.e., mosaic animals. (See, for example, techniques described by Jakobovits, Curr. Biol. 4:761-763, 1994) The transgene may be integrated as a single transgene or in concatamers, head-tohead tandems or head-to-tail tandems. The transgene may also be selectively introduced into WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 24 and activated in a particular cell type by following, for example, the teaching of Lasko et al.

(Lasko, M..et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:6232-6236, 1992).

The regulatory sequences required for such a cell-type specific activation will depend upon the particular cell type of interest, and will be apparent to those of skill in the art.

When it is desired that the IGS1 transgene be integrated into the chromosomal site of the endogenous IGS1 gene, gene targeting is preferred. Briefly, when such a technique is to be utilized, vectors containing some nucleotide sequences homologous to the endogenous IGS1 gene of interest nucleotide sequences of the mouse IGS1 gene) are designed for the purpose of integrating, via homologous recombination with chromosomal sequences, into and disrupting the function of, the nucleotide sequence of the endogenous IGS1 gene or gene allele.

The transgene may also be selectively introduced into a particular cell type, thus inactivating the endogenous gene of interest in only that cell type, by following, for example, the teaching of Gu et al. (Gu, H. et Science 265:103-106, 1994). The regulatory sequences required for such a cell-type specific inactivation will depend upon the particular cell type of interest, and will be apparent to those of skill in the art.

Once transgenic animals have been generated, the expression of the recombinant IGS1 gene and protein may be assayed utilizing standard techniques. Initial screening may be accomplished by Southern blot analysis or PCR techniques to analyze animal tissues to assay whether integration of the transgene has taken place. The level of mRNA expression of the IGS1 transgene in the tissues of the transgenic animals may also be assessed using techniques which include but are not limited to Northern blot analysis of tissue samples obtained from the animal, in situ hybridization analysis, and RT-PCR. Samples of target gene-expressing tissue, may also be evaluated immunocytochemically using antibodies specific for the target gene transgene product of interest. The IGS1 transgenic animals that express IGS1 gene mRNA or IGS1 transgene peptide (detected immunocytochemically, using antibodies directed against target gene product epitopes) at easily detectable levels may then be further evaluated to identify those animals which display characteristic IGS1 based disorder symptoms.

Once IGS1 transgenic founder animals are produced those animals which express IGS1 proteins in cells or tissues of interest, and which, preferably, exhibit symptoms of IGS1 based disorders), they may be bred, inbred, outbred, or crossbred to produce colonies of the particular animal. Examples of such breeding strategies include but are not limited to: outbreeding of founder animals with more than one integration site in order to establish separate lines; inbreeding of separate lines in order to produce compound IGS1 transgenics that express WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 the IGS1 transgene of interest at higher levels because of the effects of additive expression of each IGS1 transgene; crossing of heterozygous transgenic animals to produce animals homozygous for a given integration site in order to both augment expression and eliminate the possible need for screening of animals by DNA analysis; crossing of separate homozygous lines to produce compound heterozygous or homozygous lines; breeding animals to different inbred genetic backgrounds so as to examine effects of modifying alleles on expression of the IGS1 transgene and the development of IGS1-like symptoms. One such approach is to cross the IGS1 transgenic founder animals with a wild type strain to produce an F1 generation that exhibits IGS1 related disorder-like symptoms, such as those described above. The F1 generation may then be inbred in order to develop a homozygous line, if it is found that homozygous target gene transgenic animals are viable.

Vaccines Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for inducing an immunological response in a mammal which comprises administering to (for example by inoculation) the mammal the IGS1 polypeptide, or a fragment thereof, if required together with a RAMP polypeptide, adequate to produce antibody and/or T cell immune response to protect said animal from among other things one of the Diseases as mentioned above.

Yet another aspect of the invention relates to a method of inducing immunological response in a mammal which comprises delivering the IGS1 polypeptide via a vector directing expression of the IGS1 polynucleotide in vivo in order to induce such an immunological response to produce antibody to protect said animal from diseases.

A further aspect of the invention relates to an immunological/vaccine formulation (composition) which, when introduced into a mammalian host, induces an immunological response in that mammal to an IGS1 polypeptide wherein the composition comprises an IGS1 polypeptide or IGS1 gene. Such immunological/vaccine formulations (compositions) may be either therapeutic immunological/vaccine formulations or prophylactic immunological/vaccine formulations. The vaccine formulation may further comprise a suitable carrier. Since the IGS1 polypeptide may be broken down in the stomach, it is preferably administered parenterally (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intradermal etc. injection). Formulations suitable for parenteral administration include aqueous and non-aqueous sterile injection solutions which may contain anti-oxidants, buffers, bacteriostats and solutes which render the formulation isotonic with the blood of the recipient; and aqueous and non-aqueous sterile suspensions which may include suspending agents or thickening agents. The formulations may WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 26 be presented in unit-dose or multi-dose containers, for example, sealed ampoules and vials and may be stored in a freeze-dried condition requiring only the addition of the sterile liquid carrier immediately prior to use. The vaccine formulation may also include adjuvant systems for enhancing the immunogenicity of the formulation, such as oil-in water systems and other systems known in the art. The dosage will depend on the specific activity of the vaccine and can be readily determined by routine experimentation.

Screening Assays The IGS1 polypeptide of the present invention may be employed in a screening process for compounds which bind the receptor and which activate (agonists) or inhibit activation of (antagonists) the receptor polypeptide of the present invention. Thus, polypeptides of the invention may also be used to assess the binding of small molecule substrates and ligands in, for example, cells, cell-free preparations, chemical libraries, and natural product mixtures. These substrates and ligands may be natural substrates and ligands or may be structural or functional mimetics.

IGS1 polypeptides are responsible for biological functions, including pathologies.

Accordingly, it is desirable to find compounds and drugs which stimulate IGS1 on the one hand and which can inhibit the function of IGS1 on the other hand. In general, agonists are employed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for such conditions as among other things the Diseases as mentioned above. In particular, agonists are employed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

Antagonists may be employed for a variety of therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for such conditions as among other things the Diseases as mentioned above. In particular, antagonists may be employed for a variety of therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for psychiatric and CNS disorders, especially movement disorders, such as tics, tremor, Tourette's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, dystonia and spasms.

In general, such screening procedures involve producing appropriate cells, which express the receptor polypeptide of the present invention on the surface thereof and, if essential coexpression of RAMP's at the surface thereof. Such cells include cells from mammals, yeast, Drosophila or E. coli. Cells expressing the receptor (or cell membrane containing the expressed WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 27 receptor) are then contacted with a test compound to observe binding, or stimulation or inhibition of a functional response.

One screening technique includes the use of cells which express the receptor of this invention (for example, transfected CHO cells) in a system which measures extracellular pH, intracellular pH, or intracellular calcium changes caused by receptor activation. In this technique, compounds may be contacted with cells expressing the receptor polypeptide of the present invention. A second messenger response, signal transduction, pH changes, or changes in calcium level, is then measured to determine whether the potential compound activates or inhibits the receptor.

Another method involves screening for receptor inhibitors by determining modulation of a receptor-mediated signal, such as cAMP accumulation and/or adenylate cyclase activity. Such a method involves transfecting an eukaryotic cell with the receptor of this invention to express the receptor on the cell surface. The cell is then exposed to an agonist to the receptor of this invention in the presence of a potential antagonist. If the potential antagonist binds the receptor, and thus inhibits receptor binding, the agonist-mediated signal will be modulated.

Another method for detecting agonists or antagonists for the receptor of the present invention is the yeast-based technology as described in U.S. Patent 5,482,835.

The assays may simply test binding of a candidate compound wherein adherence to the cells bearing the receptor is detected by means of a label directly or indirectly associated with the candidate compound or in an assay involving competition with a labeled competitor. Further, these assays may test whether the candidate compound results in a signal generated by activation of the receptor, using detection systems appropriate to the cells bearing the receptor at their surfaces. Inhibitors of activation are generally assayed in the presence of a known agonist and the effect on activation by the agonist by the presence of the candidate compound is observed.

Further, the assays may simply comprise the steps of mixing a candidate compound with a solution containing an IGSI polypeptide to form a mixture, measuring the IGS1 activity in the mixture, and comparing the IGS1 activity of the mixture to a standard.

The IGS1 cDNA, protein and antibodies to the protein may also be used to configure assays for detecting the effect of added compounds on the production of IGS1 mRNA and protein in cells. For example, an ELISA may be constructed for measuring secreted or cell WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 28 associated levels of IGS1 protein using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies by standard methods known in the art, and this can be used to discover agents which may inhibit or enhance the production of IGS1 (also called antagonist or agonist, respectively) from suitably manipulated cells or tissues. Standard methods for conducting screening assays are well known in the art.

Examples of potential IGS1 antagonists include antibodies or, in some cases, oligonucleotides or proteins which are closely related to the ligand of the IGS1, a fragment of the ligand, or small molecules which bind to the receptor but do not elicit a response, so that the activity of the receptor is prevented.

Thus in another aspect, the present invention relates to a screening kit for identifying agonists, antagonists, ligands, receptors, substrates, enzymes, etc. for IGS1 polypeptides; or compounds which decrease or enhance the production of IGS1 polypeptides, which comprises: an IGS1 polypeptide, preferably that of SEQ ID NO:2; a recombinant cell expressing an IGS1 polypeptide, preferably that of SEQ ID NO:2; a cell membrane expressing an IGS1 polypeptide, preferably that of SEQ ID NO:2; or antibody to an IGS1 polypeptide, preferably that of SEQ ID NO: 2.

It will be appreciated that in any such kit, or may comprise a substantial component.

Prophylactic and Therapeutic Methods This invention provides methods of treating abnormal conditions related to both an excess of and insufficient amounts of IGS1 activity.

If the activity of IGS1 is in excess, several approaches are available. One approach comprises administering to a subject an inhibitor compound (antagonist) as hereinabove described along with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in an amount effective to inhibit activation by blocking binding of ligands to the IGS1, or by inhibiting interaction with a RAMP polypeptide or a second signal, and thereby alleviating the abnormal condition.

In another approach, soluble forms of IGS1 polypeptides still capable of binding the ligand in competition with endogenous IGS1 may be administered. Typical embodiments of such competitors comprise fragments of the IGS1 polypeptide.

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 29 In still another approach, expression of the gene encoding endogenous IGS1 can be inhibited using expression-blocking techniques. Known such techniques involve the use of antisense sequences, either internally generated or separately administered. See, for example, O'Connor, J Neurochem (1991) 56:560 in Oligodeoxynucleotides as Antisense Inhibitors of Gene Expression, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida USA (1988). Altematively, oligonucleotides, which form triple helices with the gene, can be supplied. See, for example, Lee et al., Nucleic Acids Res (1979) 6:3073; Cooney et al., Science (1988) 241:456; Dervan et al, Science (1991) 251:1360. These oligomers can be administered per se or the relevant oligomers can be expressed in vivo. Synthetic antisense or triplex oligonucleotides may comprise modified bases or modified backbones. Examples of the latter include methylphosphonate, phosphorothioate or peptide nucleic acid backbones. Such backbones are incorporated in the antisense or triplex oligonucleotide in order to provide protection from degradation by nucleases and are well known in the art. Antisense and triplex molecules synthesized with these or other modified backbones also form part of the present invention.

In addition, expression of the IGS1 polypeptide may be prevented by using ribozymes specific to the IGS1 mRNA sequence. Ribozymes are catalytically active RNAs that can be natural or synthetic (see for example Usman, N, et al., Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol (1996) 527- 33.) Synthetic ribozymes can be designed to specifically cleave IGS1 mRNAs at selected positions thereby preventing translation of the IGS1 mRNAs into functional polypeptide.

Ribozymes may be synthesized with a natural ribose phosphate backbone and natural bases, as normally found in RNA molecules. Alternatively the ribosymes may be synthesized with nonnatural backbones to provide protection from ribonuclease degradation, for example, methyl RNA, and may contain modified bases.

For treating abnormal conditions related to an under-expression of IGS1 and its activity.

several approaches are also available. One approach comprises administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound which activates IGS1, an agonist as described above, in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, to thereby alleviate the abnormal condition. Alternatively, gene therapy may be employed to effect the endogenous production of IGS1 by the relevant cells in the subject. For example, a polynucleotide of the invention may be engineered for expression in a replication defective retroviral vector, as discussed above. The retroviral expression construct may then be isolated and introduced into a packaging cell transduced with a retroviral plasmid vector containing RNA encoding a polypeptide of the present invention such that the packaging cell now produces infectious viral particles containing the gene of interest. These producer cells may be administered to a subject WO 01109184 PCT/EP00/06878 for engineering cells in vivo and expression of the polypeptide in vivo. For overview of gene therapy, see Chapter 20, Gene Therapy and other Molecular Genetic-based Therapeutic Approaches, (and references cited therein) in Human Molecular Genetics, Strachan T. and Read BIOS Scientific Publishers Ltd (1996).

Any of the therapeutic methods described above may be applied to any subject in need of such therapy, including, for example, mammals such as dogs, cats, cows, horses, rabbits, monkeys, and most preferably, humans.

Formulation and Administration Peptides, such as the soluble form of IGS1 polypeptides, and agonists and antagonist peptides or small molecules, may be formulated in combination with a suitable pharmaceutical carrier. Such formulations comprise a therapeutically effective amount of the polypeptide or compound, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient. Formulation should suit the mode of administration, and is well within the skill of the art. The invention further relates to pharmaceutical packs and kits comprising one or more containers filled with one or more of the ingredients of the aforementioned compositions of the invention.

Polypeptides and other compounds of the present invention may be employed alone or in conjunction with other compounds, such as therapeutic compounds.

Preferred forms of systemic administration of the pharmaceutical compositions include injection, typically by intravenous injection. Other injection routes, such as subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intraperitoneal, can be used. Alternative means for systemic administration include transmucosal and transdermal administration using penetrants such as bile salts or fusidic acids or other detergents. In addition, if properly formulated in enteric or encapsulated formulations, oral administration may also be possible.

The dosage range required depends on the choice of peptide or compound, the route of administration, the nature of the formulation, the nature of the subject's condition, and the judgment of the attending practitioner. Suitable dosages are in the range of 0.1-100 l.g/kg of subject. Wide variations in the needed dosage, however, are to be expected in view of the variety of compounds available and the differing efficiencies of various routes of administration.

For example, oral administration would be expected to require higher dosages than administration by intravenous injection. Variations in these dosage levels can be adjusted using standard empirical routines for optimization, as is well understood in the art.

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 31 Polypeptides used in treatment can also be generated endogenously in the subject, in treatment modalities often referred to as "gene therapy" as described above. Thus, for example, cells from a subject may be engineered with a polynucleotide, such as a DNA or RNA, to encode a polypeptide ex vivo, and for example, by the use of a retroviral plasmid vector. The cells are then introduced into the subject.

The following examples are only intended to further illustrate the invention in more detail, and therefore these examples are not deemed to restrict the scope of the invention in any way.

WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 32 EXAMPLE 1. THE CLONING OF CDNA ENCODING A NOVEL G PROTEIN-COUPLED

RECEPTOR.

Example la. Homology PCR cloning of a genomic fragment encoding a novel G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR).

A PCR based homology cloning strategy was used to isolate partial genomic DNA sequences encoding novel G-protein coupled receptors. The following forward (F11) and reverse (R13) degenerate PCR primers were designed in conserved areas of the neurotensin receptor gene family within transmembrane domain 1 (TM1) and at the boundary of transmembrane domain 3 with intracellular loop n*2 (TM3/12) respectively: F11 (TM1): 5'-CATCTTCGTCGTCGGCAC(A,C,G or T)G(C or T)(A,C,G or T)GG(A,C,G or T)AA-3' (SEQ ID NO: 3) R13 (TM3/12): or G)(A or G)(C or T)A(A,C,G or T)C(G or T)(C or T)TC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 4) In addition a 3' blocked oligo primer (HNTR1F1STOP) was designed: HNTR1F1STOP: ACGGTGGGCAACACGGTGACGGCGTT-3'-3'-dA (SEQ ID NO: The 3' blocked primer was specific for the human neurotensin receptor (NTR1) cDNA in the TM1 encoding area and partially overlapped (and competed) with the degenerated forward primer. Its 3'-terminus is blocked with a 3'-deoxyadenosine group to prevent polymerase-catalyzed extension (Eurogentec, Belgium catalogue OL-0401-0302).

PCR reactions were carried out in a 60pl volume and contained 100ng human genomic DNA (Clontech), 6 pl 10 x PCR buffer II (100mM Tris-HCI pH 8.3; 500 mM KCI, Perkin Elmer), 3.6 pl 25 mM MgCI, 0.36pl dNTPs (25mM of each dNTP), 1.5 units AmpliTaq T polymerase (Perkin Elmer), 30 pmoles of each of the degenerated forward and reverse primers and 100 pmoles of the 3' blocked primer. Reaction tubes were heated at 94°C for 2 min and then subjected to 20 cycles of denaturation (94*C, 30 sec.), annealing (55 C, 1 min, touchdown 0.25"C/cycle) and extension (72*C, Imin), followed by another 20 cycles of denaturation (94 0

C,

sec.), annealing (50*C, 1 min) and extension (72"C, 1 min). Finally reaction tubes were WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 33 heated for 5 min at 72*C. PCR reaction products were size fractionated on a 2% agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide. A fragment of expected size 300 bp) was purified from gel using the Qiaex-IlTM purification kit (Qiagen Inc.) and ligated into the pGEM-T plasmid according to the procedure recommended by the supplier (pGEM-T kit, Promega). The recombinant plasmids thus produced were used to transform competent E. coli SURET 2 bacteria (Stratagene).

Transformed cells were plated on LB agar plates containing ampicillin (100 pg/ml), IPTG mM) and X-gal (50 pg/ml). Colonies were lifted onto Hybond N+ membranes (Amersham) and DNA was denatured and fixed according to the microwave oven procedure of Buluwela et al. (Nucleic acids Research 17, p452; 1989). Colony lifts were prehybridized at 65°C for 2 h in modified Church buffer (0.5M phosphate, 7% SDS, 10 mM EDTA) and then hybridised overnight at 65C in the same buffer containing 2 x 106 cpm Iml of an equimolar amount of 32 P-labelled human neurotensin receptor 1 and 2 cDNA probe (NTR1/2). cDNA probes containing the entire coding sequence of human NTR1 and NTR2 were radiolabelled via random primed incorporation of [a- 3 2 P]dCTP to a specific activity of 10 9 cpm/pg using the Prime-It II kitT (Stratagene) according to the instructions provided by the supplier. Hybridized filters were washed at high stringency (2 x 30 min at room temperature in 2 x SSC/ 0.1% SDS followed by 2 washes of min at 65C in 0.1 x SSC, 0.1% SDS) and autoradiographed ovemight. A number of random white colonies that showed no hybridization signal after high stringency washing were selected for DNA sequence analysis.

DNA sequencing reactions were carried out using the ABI Prism T BigDye Terminator cycle Sequencing reaction kit (PE-ABI). Cycle Sequencing reaction products were purified via EtOH/NaOAc precipitation and loaded on an ABI 373 automated sequencer. Two nearly identical clones (HNT642 and HNT768) were identified that seemed to encode part of a novel member of the GPCR family. We refer to this novel GPCR as IGS1.

Table 3: Overview of oligo primers used.

SEQ ID NO: 3 F11: 5'-CATCTTCGTCGTCGGCAC(A,C,G orT)G(C or T)(A,C,G or T)GG(A, C,G or T)AA-3' SEQ ID NO: 4 R13 5'-GGGTGGCAGATGGCCA(A or G)(A or G)(C or T)A(A,C,G or T)C(G or T)(C or T)TC-3' SEQ ID NO: 5 HNTR1F1STOP: ACGGTGGGCAACACGGTGACGGCGTT-3'-3'-dA SEQ ID NO: 6 AP1: 5'-CCATCCTAATACGACTCACTATAGGGC-3' SEQ ID NO: 7 AP2: 5'-ACTCACTATAGGGCTCGAGCGGC-3' SEQ ID NO: 8 IP11260: 5'-TTTATCTTTAACCTCCTCGTCACCGACC-3' SEQ ID NO: 9 IP11261: 5'-TAGTGTTGCAGCGCAAGCCG-3' SEQ ID NO: 10 IP11262: 5'-GGCAGCGTTCCACTGACACCAAGACAATGG-3' WO 01/09184 PCTIEP00/06878 SEQ ID NO: 11 IP11263: 5'-CAGCGTTCCACTGACACCAAGACAATGG-3' SEQ ID NO: 12 IP11264: 5'-AAGGCGAACAGGTGGGTGAGGCTAACC-3' SEQ ID NO: 13 IP11515: 5'-TGGCGAAGGCGAACAGGTGG-3' SEQ ID NO: 14 IP11516: 5'-GCGAAGGCGAACAGGTGGGTGAGG-3' SEQ ID NO: 15 IP11684: 5'-CTAGTGTTGCAGCGCAAGCCGCAG-3' SEQ ID NO: 16 IP12261: 5'-CACAGAAAGCATAACCAGTGATTGAACC-3' SEQ ID NO: 17 IP12262: 5'-GCTTAGGTTCCTGGAATCCCATTTGG-3' SEQ ID NO: 18 IP12264: 5'-TTGTCACCAGCATAGGCACTGAGTG-3' Example lb. Cloning of cDNA fragments containing the complete IGS1 coding sequence.

The complete coding sequence of IGS1 cDNA was obtained via rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE analysis). and 3' RACE PCRs were performed on Marathon-Ready

M

human brain cDNA (Clontech n° 7400-1), using the adaptor primer 1 (AP1: SEQ ID NO: 6) provided with the Marathon T cDNA amplification kit (Clontech K1802-1) and IGS1 specific primers IP11261 RACE; SEQ ID NO: 9) and IP11262 and IP11263 RACE; SEQ ID NO: and 11 respectively), based on the DNA sequence of clones HNT642 and HNT768 (Fig.1).

Subsequently a nested RACE PCR was carried out with adaptor primer 2 (AP2; SEQ ID NO: 7) and the IGS1 specific nested primers IP11260 (3'RACE; SEQ ID NO: 8) and IP11515 and IP11516 (5'RACE; SEQ ID NO: 13 and 14 respectively)). Primary and nested PCR RACE reactions were performed according to the instructions of the Marathon-Ready T cDNA user manual provided by Clontech. The nested PCR RACE products were separated on a 1% agarose gel and stained with EtBr. The gel was blotted onto Hybond N* membranes and hybridized ovemight in Church hybridisation buffer at 65C with the IP-labelled insert of clone HNT642.

Southern blot analysis of both the AP2/IP11515 and AP2/IP11516 5'RACE nested PCR reactions showed several positive bands (±200bp, ±250bp, ±330bp, ±360bp, ±400bp and ±700bp). Each of these bands was purified from gel and cloned in the pGEM-T plasmid vector (the respective PCR fragments from the IP11515 and IP11516 nested 5' RACE reactions were pooled before cloning). 3-4 random colonies from each fragment were sequenced clones HNT1393-1412) (Fig.1).

The nested AP-2/IP11260 3'-RACE PCR reaction showed several bands. The largest 3' nested RACE PCR fragment 1,550 bp) that hybridized with the IGS1 probe was purified from gel, ligated in pGEM-T (Promega) and used to transform competent E. coli SURE II cells. IGS1 specific transformants from this ligation reaction were identified after colony hybridization using the 32 P-labelled insert of clone HNT642. The colony blots were hybridized to the probe as specified before and washed at high stringency (0.1 x SSC 0.1% SDS at 65°C for 30 min). The hybridization screening of the 3' RACE nested PCR library yielded 3 positive clones. Two of these (HNT 1413-1414) were sequenced.

In two additional experiments, three more 3' RACE cDNA clones (HB4686, HB4687 and HB4688) were obtained from Marathon-ReadyT human brain cDNA (Clontech), following the procedures outlined in the manual provided by the supplier (Clontech PT1156-1). In one experiment products from a primary 3' RACE reaction (obtained using IGS1 specific primer IP11261 and adaptor primer AP1) were reamplified using the hemi-nested primer pair IP11260/IP12261 (SEQ ID NO: 8 and 16 respectively). This yielded an expected 1400 bp fragment which was purified from gel and cloned in the pGEM-T plasmid vector, yielding clones HB4686 and HB4687. In the other experiment primary 3' RACE PCR products (obtained using IGS1 specific primer IP11684 (SEQ ID NO: 15) and adaptor primer AP1) were reamplified using Sthe nested primer pair IP11260/IP12261. A ±1400 bp fragment resulting from this reaction was purified and cloned into the pGEM-T plasmid vector, yielding clone HB4688.

S. All IGS1 cDNA clones that were isolated were fully sequenced and could be assembled into a single contig (Fig.1). The part of this contiguous cDNA sequence that was determined from at least four independent cDNA clones is presented here as IGS1DNA (SEQ ID NO: 1) S Translation of this contig revealed a long open reading frame predicting a protein of 508 amino acids which showed good homology to GPCR proteins (IGS1PROT; SEQ ID NO: 2).

Example 1c. Isolation of a contiguous cDNA fragment containing the complete IGS1 S coding sequence.

0 A contiguous IGS1 cDNA clone was generated via overlap-PCR on the clone HNT1398 Sand HNT1413 templates. 100 ng of HNT1398 plasmid DNA and 100ng HNT1413 plasmid were PCR amplified in separate reactions (50 pl) using primer pairs IP12264/IP11264 (SEQ ID NO: 18 and 12 respectively) and IP11260/1P1226 2 (SEQ ID NO: 8 and 17 respectively) respectively, PCR cycles of denaturation [94*C, 30 sec.], annealing [60 0 C, 30 sec.] and extension [72*C, Imin] using the Expand T High Fidelity PCR system [Boehringer]). One pl amounts of each PCR reaction were combined and reamplified using primer pair IP12264/IP12261 under the same conditions. This overlap-PCR reaction yielded a band of 1730 bp, which was purified from gel and ligated into the pGEM-T plasmid vector. Recombinant plasmids were used to transform competent E. coli DH5aF bacteria. Transformed cells were plated on LB agar plates containing WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 36 ampicillin (100 pg/ml). Plasmid DNA was prepared from a number of random colonies and the insert size was determined via restriction digestion. Three clones containing a 1730 bp insert were sequenced. The sequence of clone HB4693 was completely identical to that of the consensus IGS1 cDNA sequence (see Fig.1). The bacterial strain harboring plasmid HB4693 was recloned after replating on LB agar plates containing 100 pg ampicillin/ml and deposited both in the Innogenetics strain list (ICCG #4297) and at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelculturen (CBS) in Baarn, The Netherlands (deposit no. CBS 102049). Plasmid DNA prepared from the recloned isolate was resequenced and found to be identical to the consensus sequence determined previously.

Note: we later found out that the primer IP12262 sequence was not included in the insert sequence of clone HNT1413 and that as a consequence no amplicon could have been generated from the HNT1413 template. Therefore we assume that the successful amplification of an overlap fragment occurred via direct overlap between the HNT1413 plasmid DNA (carried over into the overlap PCR reaction tube) and the amplicon generated from the HNT1398 template.

EXAMPLE 2. NORTHERN AND "MTE ARRAY" ANALYSIS OF IGS1.

Example 2a. Construction of the pcDNA3.1(+)hu IGS1 expression vector.

pg pcDNA3.1(+) (Invitrogen) was cut with HindIll (3h 37*C), blunted with T4 polymerase in the presence of dNTP's (0.25mM and analyzed on gel. The linearized DNA was eluted from gel (using the Qiaex II extraction kit, Qiagen) and dissolved in 40 pl H 2 0. This DNA was digested with Notl, and again analyzed on gel. The obtained 5364 bp vector fragment was eluted from gel using the Qiaexll gel extraction kit and dissolved in 40pl H 2 0. 5pl was analyzed on gel to check size, quantity and purity.

The human IGS1 coding sequence was obtained after Nael/Notl digestion (3h, 37°C) of pg pGEM-ThulGS1 plasmid (ICCG #4297). The digestion resulted in 3 fragments of 400bp, 1629bp and 2702bp as shown by agarose gel electrophoresis. The 1629bp fragment was eluted from gel (Qiaexll) and redissolved in 40pl H 2 0. 5 pl was analyzed on gel.

One pl of the Hindlll digested pcDNA3.1(+) vector, 3 pl insert and 16 pl H 2 0 were added to a Ready-To-Go ligase tube (T4 DNA ligase, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech) and incubated for 1h at RT. Two pl of the ligation mix was used to transform chemically competent bacteria. 200 pl of the transformed bacteria were plated on LB plates (100pg ampicillin/ml) and grown ovemight at 37*C. 16 random colonies were picKed and cultured in 3 ml LB medium containing ampicillin. Plasmid DNA was prepared using the BioRobot

T

9600 nucleic acid WO 01/09184 PCTIEP00/06878 37 purification system (Qiagen) and analyzed via restriction analysis using the Notl, Pstl and Sphl restriction enzymes. DNA from one colony with the correct restriction pattern was partially sequenced to verify the insertion points and found to have the expected sequence. The partially sequenced colony was deposited in the Innogenetics strainlist (ICCG #4350) and a large amount of DNA (MegaPrep, Qiagen 500 kit) was prepared from the deposited strain. Sequence analysis of this large scale DNA prep (500 pl of 3pg/pl) confirmed the expected sequence.

Example 2b. MTE (multiple tissue expression) array analysis.

25 ng human IGS1 DNA (1093 bp Aatll insert from pcDNA3.1.hulGS1 [ICCG #4350] was labelled using (a- 2 P)-dCTP The labeled probe was purified using a Micro Bio-Spin column (BioRad). 16 x 106 cpm labelled hulGS1 cDNA probe was mixed with 30 pg of Cot-1 DNA, 150 pg of sheared herring sperm DNA and 50 pl 20x SSC in a total volume of 2 0 0pl, heated for 5 min. at 95*C and then incubated for 30 min. at 68"C. This mixture was added to ml Express Hyb solution and evenly distributed over the human Multiple Tissue Expression (MTE) array (Clontech #7775-1) The array was hybridized overnight at 68°C. The blot was rinsed four times for 20 min at 65C in 2XSSC/1%SDS and two times for 20 min at 55 0 C in 0,1XSSC/0,5%SDS. The blot was autoradiographed using X-ray film.

Hybridization of the IGS1 probe on the MTE array, showed strong signals on caudate nucleus and putamen only (Fig.2).

Example 2c. Northern blot analysis.

ng human IGS1 DNA (1093 bp Aatll insert from pcDNA3.1.hulGS1 [ICCG #4350] was labelled using (a- 2 P)-dCTP The labeled probe was purified using a Micro Bio-Spin column (BioRad). 8 x 106 cpm labelled hulGS1 cDNA probe was denatured for 5 min. at and added to 5 ml Express Hyb solution and evenly distributed over the Human Brain MTN Blots II or IV (Clontech #7755-1 and #7769-1 respectively) The blot was hybridized overnight at 68°C. The blot was rinsed four times for 10 min at room temperature in 2XSSC/0,05%SDS and two times for 40 min at 50°C in 0,1XSSC/0,1%SDS. The blot was autoradiographed using X-ray film.

Hybridization of the IGS1 probe on Northern blots of RNA from different human brain regions showed 2 strong bands of approximately 4,400 and 9,000 nucleotides (nt) in both putamen and caudate nucleus (Fig.3). This lower band was slightly more intense in caudate nucleus, while the reverse was the case for putamen. The 4,400 and 9,000 nt bands could also be seen in thalamus but both were very weak. In addition a very faint 9,000 nt transcript was detected in substantia nigra but no 4,400 band. Finally extremely weak 9,000 nt bands were 38 observed in cerebellum, medulla and amygdela. The 4,400 nt band could not be observed in thalamus and substantia nigra. These results are In agreement with the'results of .the MTE analysis, in the sense that the strongest expression of IGS1 was observed in caudate nucleus and In putamen. However the presence of 2 transcripts Is unexpected. Whereas the 4,400 nt band most likely corresponds to the IGS1 mRNA, the origin of the 9,000 nt band is-unclear.

Since the IGS1 gene does not contain introns (at least not within the coding area) the 9,000 nt, transcript is probably not due to an unspiced or alternatively spliced transcript. It might be a IGSI transcript with an alternative poly-adenylation site or else it is just a cross-hybrid.zing species. We assume that In cases where only a very weak 9,000 nt transcript was detected and no 4,400 transcript this is due to the fact that the 9,000 nt transcript Is slightly more intense than the 4,400 transcript and that this lower band therefore was just below the detection limit of the Northern assay.

These results were, confirmed by In situ hybridization analysis of IGSI in rat brain, in which IGSI expression was detected In anatomically identical areas as described above.

EXAMPLE 3. SCREENING OF PUTATIV LIGANDS FOR IGSI1.

20 Example 3a. Construction of IGS-11 transfected CHOGcd 6-cells.

.To identify ligands for IGS1, Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells were stably transfected with IGS1. Since the G-protein coupling mechanism of IGS1 was unknown, a 6 0specific CHO-cell strain was used, which expresses the G-protein Ga16 (CHOGcti6, Molecular Devices), known as "universal adapter' for GPCRs (Milligan G. et al."(1 996) Trends Pharmacol.

Sd. 17 235-7).

The' Materials used Included: IGSI-pREP9 vector-, SuperFect Transfection. Reagent (Qiagen); Growth-me -dium: CHO-S-SFM 11 (Gibco BRL), supplemented with 10% FCS, 2mM L-.

*glutami.: Hygromycin B 400Itg/Ml; 'Selection-medium: CHO-S-SF.M 11 (Gbco BRL) '000.0 30 supplemented with, 10% FCS,- 2mM- 1-glutamin, Hygromyrcin. B1 400±ig/m and Geneticin *500Pg~ml; RMeasy M .ini Kit (Qiagen), ONase I (Ambion,.2 Ulpl)-, Super.Script 11 (Gibco BRL),- SuperScript 11 20OU (Gibco BRL), Arnpliraq (PerklnElmer) :The IGS1 ,coding sequence was'cloned from pcDNA3,1 .hulGSl [ICCG. 4350). Into ~pREP9 (Invitrogen) via. Xhol/Nhl sites.- mH~d olswr transfiected with SuperFect *(Qiagen), as described by the. manufacturer. Transfections. were done in T25 flasks. After 24 hours 'in Growth-medium, medium was removed and -replaced by Selection-medium. After Y:~Fhs~865335~h8s6S(~,J 0 0 WO 01/09184 PCT/EPOO/1j6878.

39 growing to confluency In Selection-mediumn the polyclonals were passed two times in 175 flasks.

To obtain monaclonals, cells were seeded In Limited Dilution.

Selection of monoclonals; was done by RT-PCR. 14 rnonoclonals; were tested. RNA was Isolated from monoclonals (1 confluent well from 24 wells plate) with the RNeasyMIVInI Ki according to the supplied protocol. RNA was treated with DNase I (Ambion, 2 U/pl), 1 U per sample. Half of the RNA sample was used for RT-PCR using SuperScript 11 (Gibco BRI).

Primer annealing was carried out with RNA and. oligo-dTI 6 (0,6 liM) for 1.0 min at 65 OC to OC. First Strand Buffer (Glbco BRL) with dNTP's 0,43mM each, DTT I10mM, 20U RNasin Promega, 40U/gl) and SuperScript 1I 200U (Glbco BRL, 200U.11l) to a final volume of 30 p1 was added, followed by Incubation at 42 eC for 1. hour.

PCR was carried out in 25A1 with IGS1 specific internal primers, with AmpliTaq (PerlnElmer). Firstly, PCR with 35 cycles was performed. To confirm the positive monoclonals; and to select the best ones, another PCR with fewer cycles and higher annealing temperature was performed. Per PCR reaction 2 Wd First Strand CODNA (from 30 Al) was'used: The six best monoclonals, were grown in 175 flask to confluency and frozen in growth medium, -containing- 10% DMVSO.

Example 3b. Intracellular calcium measurements.

The CHOGal6..IGSI: cells were functionally screened on a Fluorometric Imaging Plate Reader (FLIPR) to measure mobilisation of intracellular calcium in response to putative ligands.

For cell 1 preparation, the following materials'were used' clear, flat-bottom, black well 96well plates (Costar); Growth-medium: Nut-Mix F-I 2.(HAM) With Glutamax (Gibco) supplemented with 10% fetal calf-serum (Glbco); lncubator. 5% C02, 376C (Nualre) .Cells were. seeded 24 hours' or -48 hours 'Prior to'the experiment- into black. wall microplatles. The cell, density'was 0.8x1 O cells/well for 48. hour incubation -and 2.2x1 0O cells/well for 24 hour Incubation. All steps were done under sterile 'conditions.

For- dye, loading, the following materials were used: 2mM dye- stock: 1mg FIuo4 (Molecular Probes) solubilizd In 443 p1 low-water DMSO (Sigma). (aliquots were stored at 20% pluronic acid -solution: 400mg pluronic acid. (SIgma):solubllized. in 2m1 low-water (Sigma) at 37C (stored at room temperature); Dyelpluronlc'acid mbxture: immediatey before use,.equal volumes of the dye stock and 20%/ pluronic acid were mixed (the dye. and. pluironic; acid had. a final concentration of 1mM and 10%. respectively); Probenicid, 250mM stock, solution: 710mg probenicid (Sigma) solubilized in 5m 1 N:NaOH and. mixed with 5m1 Hank.'s BSS without phenol red: (Glbc6) supplemented. with 20mM HEPES;. Loacling-buffer. I10.5m1 Hank's BSS without phenol red (Glbco) supplemented with 20mM HEPES, 105J,1 probenicid, 210pl IM WO 01/09184 PCT/EP00/06878 HEPES; Wash-buffer Hank's BSS without phenol red (Gibco) supplemented with 20mM HEPES (Gibco) and 2.5mM probenicid.

The 2mM dye stock was mixed with an equal volume of 20% pluronic acid immediately before adding to the Loading-buffer. The Growth-medium was aspirated out of the well without disturbing the confluent cell layer. 100pl Loading-buffer was dispensed into each well using a Multidrop (Labsystems). Cells were incubated in a 5% C02, 37 0 C incubator for minutes. In order to calculate the background fluorescence, some wells were not dye loaded.

After dye loading, cells were washed three times with Wash-buffer (automated Denley cell washer) to reduce the basal fluorescence to 20.000-25.000 counts above background. 100lI Wash-buffer was added and cells were incubated at 37 0 C till the start of the experiment.

Compounds to be screened were diluted in Hank's BSS without phenol red (Gibco) supplemented with 20mM HEPES (Gibco) and 0.1% BSA (Sigma). Intracellular calcium detection with FLIPR was carried out as described by the manufacturer (Molecular Devices).

The FLIPR setup parameters were set to 0.4 sec exposure length, filter 1, 50pl fluid addition, pipettor height at 125pl, Dispense Speed 40pl/sec without mixing.

WO 01109184 WO 0109184PCT/EPOO/06878 PCT SPW99.04 Original (for SUBMISSION) printed on 17.07.2000 02:18:30 PM 0-1 Form PCTIROII34 (EASY) indications Relating to Deposited Microorganism(s) or Other Biological Material (PCT Rule 13bis) 0-1-1 Prepared using i.PCT-E.ASY Version 2.90 (updated 15.12.1999) 0-2 International Application No. I PCT Epo 0 6 7 8 0-3 Applicants or agents file reference 2SPw99 .04 I The indications made below relate to the deposited microorganism(s) or other biological material referred to in the description on: 1-1 page 136 1-2 line .7> 1-3 Identification of Deposit 1-3-1 Name of depositary institution Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures 1-3-2 Address oidepsitary institutionl .Oosterstraat 1, Postbus 273, NL-3740 AG Baarn, Netherlands 1-3-3 Date of deposit 115 July 1999 (15.07.1999) 1-3-4 Accession Number !CBS 102049 1.4 Additional Indications INONE Designated States for Which jall designated States Indications are Made 1-6 Separate Furnishing of Indications NONE These indications will be submitted to the International Bureau later FOR RECEIVNG OFFICE USE ONLY 0-4 This form was received with the international application: 17 JUL 2000 7 07 NO0 0-4-1 Authonzed officer M P E FOR INTERNATIONAL BUREAU USE ONLY This form was received by the international Bureau onl: 0-S-1 Authorized officer WO 01/09184 WO 0109184PCT/EPOO/06878 BUDAPEST TREATY ON THE INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION OF THE DEPOSIT OF MICROORGANISMS FOR THE PURPOSES OF PATENT PROCEDURE INTERNATIONAL FORM *Duphar International Research B.V.

C.J. van Houtenlaan 36 1381 CP WEESP The Netherlands name and address of depositor RECEIPT IN THE CASE OF AN ORIGINAL DEPOSIT issued pursuant to Rule 7.1 by the iNTEPNATIONAL DEPOSITARY AUTHORITY identi~fied a:thme bottom 0f this page 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MIGN.OOR=N4Z14 identification reference given by the Accession number given by the DEPOSITOR: INTERNqATIONAL DEPOSITARY AUTHOR:TY: coli DH5atphaF pGEMThIGS1 (ICCG 4297) CBS 102049 11I. SCIENTIFIC DESCRIPTION AND/OR PROPOSED TAXONONIC DESIGZ.ETION The microorganism identified under 1 above was accompanied by: a scientific description F7a proposed taxonomic designation (mark itih a cross where aplicable) II.RECEIPT AND ACCEPTANCE .1his international Depositary accepts the ndcroorganism identified under I above, which received byv it on 1507-99 (date dd-rm-yy tf-he orzia1 IV- RECEIPT OF RECUEST FOR CONVERSION *The microorganism identi4!ied under I above was received by this International Depositary *Authority on not applicable (date dc-mm-yy cf the original deposit) and a r~quest =c convert the cri;iJnal depomit tz a deposit under the Budapest Treaty was received by it on not applicable (date dd-mm-yy of receirc of request for conversion) V. INTERNATIONAL DEPOSITARY AUTRORITY Name: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures signature of person(s) having the power to represent the International Depositary Authorit of authorized official(s): *Address: Oosterstraatl 1 3740 AG BAARN I rS F.B. Snppea Dr. Dr. n der Mei The Netherlands Date (dd-mm-yy): 26-07-997 I Where Rule 6.4(d) applies, such date i's the date on wnich the status of Aoternationa.

depositary authority was acquired./ WO 01/09184 PCT/EPOO/06878 BUDAPEST TREATY ON THE INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION OF THE DEPOSIT OF MICROORGANISMS FOR THE PURPOSES OF PATENT PROCEDURE INTERNATIONAL FORM Duphar International Research B.V.

C.J. van Houtenlaan 36 1381 CP WEESP The Netherlands name and address of the party to whom the viability statement is Issued VIABIL:TY STATEMENT issued pursuant to Rule 10.2 by the INTERNATIONAL DEPOSITARY AUTHORITY identified on the following page I. DEPOSITOR II. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MICROORGANISM Name: Duphar International Research B.V. Access-_on number given by the INTERNATIONAL CEPOSITARY AUTHORITY: CBS 102049 SAddress: C.J. van Houtenlaan 36 1381 CP WEESP Date (dd-mm-yy) of the deposit or of the S The Netherlands transfer: i 15-07-99 III. VIABILITY STATEMENT The viability of the microorganism identified under II above was tested on 22-07-99 2 on that date (dd-mm-yy), the said microorganism was .x viable 3 Sno longer viable 1 ndicate the date of the original deposit or, where a new deposit or a transfer has been made, the most recent relevant date (date of the new deposit or date of the transfer).

2 In the cases referred to in Rule 10.2 (ii) and (iii), refer to the most recent viability test.

3 Mark with a cross the applicable box.

WO 01/09184 WO 0109184PCT/EPOO/06878 IV. CONDITIONS UNDER WHNICH THE VIABILITY HAS BZZN PE1REOR)D 4 v. INTERNATIONAL DEPOSITARY AUTHORITY Name: Centraalbureau voor Schimmeicultures Signature of person having thle power to represent the International Depositary Authoritv or of authorized offifialWs: ;Address: Oosterstraat 1 P.O. Box 273 3740 AG BAARN The Netherlands 4 Fill in if the information has been requested and if the results of negative.

t were EDITORIAL NOTE APPLICATION NUMBER 59858/00 The following Sequence Listing pages 1/9 to 9/9 are part of the description. The claims pages follow on pages 45 to WO 01/09184 PCT/EPOO/06878 1/9 SEQUENCE LISTING <110> SOLVAY PH{ARM1ACEUTICALS B.V.

<120> Novel human G-protein coupled receptor <130> SPW99.04 <140> <141> <160> 18 <170> Patentln Ver. 2.1 <210> 1 <211> 1659 <212> DNA <213> Homo sapiens 220> <221> CDS <222> (36) .(1559) <400> 1 gcctgcaacc tgtcycacgc cctctggctg ttgcc atg acg tcc acc tgc acc 53 M.et Thr Ser Thr Cys Thr 1 aac agc acg cgc gag agt aac agc agc cac acg tgc atg ccc ctc tcc 101 Asn Ser Thr Arg Giu Ser Asn Ser Ser His Thr Cys Met Pro Leu Ser 15 aaa atg ccc atc agc ctg gcc cac ggc atc atc cgc tca acc gtg ctg 149 Lys Met Pro Ile Ser Leu Ala His Gly Ile Ile Arg Ser Thr Val Leu 30 gtt atc ttc ctc gcc gcc tct ttc gtc ggc aac ata gtg ctg gcg cta 197 Val Ile Phe Leu Ala Ala Ser Phe Val Gly Asn Ile Val Leu Ala Leu 40 45 gtg ttg cag cgc aag ccg cag ctg ctg cag gtg acc aac cgt ttt atc 245 Val Leu Gin Arg Lys Pro Gin Leu Leu Gin Val Thr Asn Arg Phe Ile 60 65 ttt aac ctc ctc gtc acc gac ctg ctg cag att tcg ctc gtg gcc ccc 293 Phe Asn Leu Leu Val Thr Asp Leu Leu Gin Ile Ser Leu Val Ala Pro 80 tgg gtg gtg gcc acc tct gtg cct ctc ttc tgg ccc .ctc aac agc cac 341 Trp, Val Val Ala Thr Ser Val Pro Leu Phe Trp Pro Leu Asn Ser His 95 100 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 WO 0109184PCT/EPOOIO6878 tte tgc acg gee ctg gtt age Phe Cys Thr Ala Leu Val Ser 105 gte Val cac His 135 etc Leu etc Leu tcc Ser tee Ser gtg Val 215 aga Arg gaa Giu cgc Arg gcc Ala gag Glu 295 aac As n 120 cet Pro etc Leu tac Tyr atg Met tte Phe 200 ttC Phe c ac His gag Glu cgc Arg aag Lys 280 agt Ser acc Thr etc Leu tat Tyr ggC Gly ate Ile 185 ate Ile tgt Cys age Ser gga Gly cag Gin 265 gac Asp agt Ser att Ile tee Ser gge Gly tgg Trp 170 tg Trp gte Vai gca Al a ttg Leu gca Ala 250 cat His gge Gly gta Val gte Val t ac Tyr ace Thr 155 ggC Gly ggg Gly att Ile gee Ala gaa Glu 235 gag Glu gaa Glu age Ser gag Glu ttg gtg Leu Val 125 etc ace Leu Thr 110 tea gtg Ser Val aag atg Lys Met cac ctg tte His Leu Phe ceg Pro 140 tg Trp cag Gin gee Ala eca Pro cgg Arg 220 gtg Val aag Lys ggt Gly etg Leu gee Ala 300 tee Ser 389 437 485 533 581 629 677 725 773 821 869 917 965 1013 aeg gtg gee age gac ggc age atg gag ggt aag gaa ggc age ace aaa Thr Val Ala Ser Gly Ser Met Giu Gly 320 Lys Git Gly Ser Thr Lys 325 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 WO 0109184PCr/EPOOIO6878 gtt gag gag aac agc atg Val Glu Glu Asn Ser Met 330 cag tgc age att gac ttg Gin Cys Ser Ile Asp Leu 345 gac ate aat ttc agt gag Asp Ile Asn Phe Ser Glu 360 age etc cca ccc agt cgt Ser Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg 375 380 agg tgc tac cag tgc aaa Arg Cys Tyr Gin Cys Lys 395 tcc tat gtg cta tcc ctg Ser Tyr Val Leu Ser Leu 410 gtg tgg gtg gat gtc gaa Val Trp Val Asp Vai Giu 425 ate atc tgg ctt ttc ttc Ile Ilie Trp Leu Phe Phe 440 ggc tac atg cac aag acc Gly Tyr Met His Lys Thr 455 460 aag ttc ttc tge aag gaa Lys Phe Phe Cys Lys Glu 475 ctg ccc gga. aca gag ggt Leu Pro Gly Thr Giu Gly 490 gat tet get act ttt cct Asp Ser Aia Thr Phe Pro 505; aag gca gac Lys Ala Asp 335 ggt gaa gat Gly Giu Asp 350 gat gac gte Asp Asp Val 365 cgt aac agc Arg Asn Ser gct gct aaa Ala Ala Lys ggg ccc tac Gly Pro Tyr 415 ace eag gta Thr Gin Val 430 ctg eag tgc Leu Gin Cys 445 att aag aag Ile Lys Lys aag ccc ceg Lys Pro Pro ggg act gaa Gly Thr Glu 1061 1109 1157 1205 1253 1301 1349 1397 1445 1493 1541 1589 1649 1659 Lys Ile Val Pro Ser Tyr tgaagttagt tctaaggcaa. accttgaaaa teagtcette agceacagct atttagagct ttaaaactac caggtteaat cactggttat getttctgtg SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01109184 WO 0109184PCT/EPOOIO6878 <210> 2 <211> 508 <212> PRT <213> Homo sapiens <400> 2 Met Thr Ser Thr Cys Thr Asn Ser Thr Arg Glu Ser Asn Ser Ser His 1 Thr Ile Asn Val Ile rrp Leu Arg Gin 145 Leu Giu Thr Ile Leu 225 Met Pro Ser Thr Val Leu Asn Arg Leu Vai Leu Asn 100 Ala Phe 115 Leu Ser Arg Gly Ser Thr Asn Ala 180 Leu Ser 195 Cys Tyr Tyr Asn Cys Val Giu Ann Glu Asp GZlu Giu Gly 245 Giu Lys Lys Glu Giu Phe 255 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 WO 0109184PCT/EPOO/06878 Gin Lys Gly Giu 305 Lys Gly Met Ala Ser 385 Ile Phe Gin Ile Ile 465 Giu Lys Glu Phe Arg Met Glu Ala Thr Ser Giu 295 Ser Ser Thr 310 Thr Lys Val 325 Val Asn Gin Giu Asp Asp Pro Giu Ser 375 Leu Pro Arg 390 Ile Phe Ser 405 Leu Aia Vai Thr Ile Ile Val Tyr Gly 455 Leu Lys Lys 470 Pro Asp Leu Giu Giy Giu Ser Leu Giu Ala 300 Asp Giy 315 Ser Met Lys 285 Arg Ser Lys Gly Asp 365 Arg Al a Gly Thr Leu 445 Ile Lys Gly Val Lys 270 Ala Lys dly Ser Met Glu Ala Asp 335 Giu Asp 350 Asp Vai Asn Ser Ala Lys Pro Tyr 415 Gin Vai 430 Gin Cys Lys Lys Pro Pro Thr Giu 495 Pro Ser Tyr Asp Ser 500 Thr Phe Pro <210> 3 <211> 27 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 WOOI/914PCT/EPOO/06878 <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <220> <221> variation <222> (19) <223> Degenerated primers <220> <221> <222> <223> <220> <221> <222> <223> variation (22) Degenerated primers variation Degenerated primers <400> 3 catcttcgtc gtcggcacng ynggnaa <210> 4 <211> 26 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <220> <221> variation <222> (21) <223> Degenerated primers <400> 4 gggtggcaga tggccarrya nckytc 210> <211> 27 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <220> <221> misc feature <222> (27) <223> modified base :31-deoxyadenosine <400> S acggtgggca acacggtgac ggcgtta 27 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 PCTIEPOO/06878 7/9 <210> 6 <21.1> 27 <22.2> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 6 ccatcctaat acgactcact atagggc 27 <210> 7 <22.1> 23 <212> DNA <22.3> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 7 actcactata gggctcgagc ggc 23 210> 8 <211> 28 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 8 tttatcttta acctcctcgt caccgacc 28 <210> 9 <211> <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 9 tagtgttgca gcgcaagccg <210> <211> <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 PCT/EPOO/06878 8/9 <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> ggcagcgttc cactgacacc aagacaatgg <210> 11 <211> 28 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 11 cagcgttcca ctgacaccaa gacaatgg 28 <210> 12 <211> 27 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 12 aaggcgaaca ggtgggtgag gctaacc 27 <210> 13 <211> <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 13 tggcgaaggc gaacaggtgg <210> 14 <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 14 gcgaaggcga acaggtgggt gagg 24 SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) WO 01/09184 PCTIEPOO/06878 9/9 <210> <211> 24 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> ctagtgttgc agcgcaagcc gcag 24 <210> 16 <211> 28 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer 400> 16 cacagaaagc ataaccagtg attgaacc 28 <210> 17 <211> 27 <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 17 gctttaggtt cctggaatcc catttgg 27 210> 18 <211> <212> DNA <213> Artificial Sequence <220> <223> Description of Artificial Sequence:Primer <400> 18 ttgtcaccag cataggcact gagtg SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims (37)

1. An isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of: a nucleotide sequence encoding the IGS1 polypeptide according to SEQ ID NO:2; a nucleotide sequence encoding the polypeptide encoded by the DNA insert contained in the deposit no. CBS 102049 at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures at Baarn the Netherlands; a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% sequence identity over its entire length to the nucleotide sequence of or and a nucleotide sequence which is complimentary to the nucleotide sequence of or or 15

2. The polynucleotide of claim 1 wherein said polynucleotide comprises the e: nucleotide sequence contained in SEQ ID NO:1 encoding the IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2.

3. The polynucleotide of claim 1 wherein said polynucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence that is at least 80% identical to that of SEQ ID NO:1 over its entire length.

4. The polynucleotide of claim 1 wherein said polynucleotide comprises a nucleotide sequence that is at least 90% identical to that of SEQ ID NO:1 over its entire length.

The polynucleotide according to any one of claims 3 or 4 which is the polynucleotide of SEQ ID NO:1.

6. The polynucleotide according to any one of claims 1 to 5 which is DNA or RNA.

7. A DNA or RNA molecule comprising an expression system, wherein said expression system is capable of producing an IGS1 polypeptide Y:\Files655335\655335_Speci(b),doc 46 comprising an amino acid sequence, which has at least 80% identity with the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 when said expression system is present in a compatible host cell.

8. A host cell comprising the expression system of claim 7.

9. A host cell according to claim 8 which is a yeast cell.

A host cell according to claim 8 which is an animal cell.

11. IGS1 receptor membrane preparation derived from a cell according to any one of claims 8 to

12. A process for producing an IGS1 polypeptide comprising culturing a host 15 according to any one of claims 8 to 10 under conditions sufficient for the production of said polypeptide and recovering the polypeptide from the culture. o

13. A process for producing a cell which produces an IGS1 polypeptide thereof comprising transforming or transfecting a cell with the expression system of claim 7 such that the cell, under appropriate culture conditions, is capable of producing an IGS1 polypeptide.

14. An IGS1 polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length.

The polypeptide of claim 14 which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2.

16. An antibody immunospecific for the IGS1 polypeptide according to claim 14 or Y:Files\655335\655335_Speci(b).doc 47

17. A method for the treatment of a subject in need of enhanced activity or expression of IGS1 polypeptide according to claim 14 or 15 comprising: administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agonist to said polypeptide; and/or providing to the subject an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleotide sequence that has at least 80% identity to a nucleotide sequence encoding the IGS1 polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 over its entire length; or a nucleotide sequence complementary to said nucleotide sequence in a form so as to effect production of said polypeptide activity in vivo.

S18. A method for the treatment of a subject having need to inhibit activity or e expression of IGS1 polypeptide according to claim 14 or 15 comprising: administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of 15 an antagonist to said polypeptide; and/or administering to the subject a polynucleotide that inhibits the expression of the nucleotide sequence encoding said polypeptide; and/or administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a polypeptide that competes with said polypeptide for its ligand.

19. A process for diagnosing a disease or a susceptibility to a disease in a subject related to expression or activity of the IGS1 polypeptide according to claim 14 or 15 in a subject comprising; determining the presence or absence of a mutation in the nucleotide sequence encoding said IGS1 polypeptide in the genome of said subject; and/or analysing for the presence or amount of the IGS1 polypeptide expression in a sample derived from said subject.

A method for identifying agonists to the IGS1 polypeptide according to claims 14 or 15 comprising: contacting a cell which produces a IGS1 polypeptide with a test compound; and Y:\Files655335\655335_Speci(b).doc i. (~I 48 determining whether the test compound effects a signal generated by activation of the IGS1 polypeptide.

21. An agonist identified by the method of claim 20 when used to enhance activity or expression of an IGS1 polypeptide.

22. The method for identifying antagonists to the IGS1 polypeptide according to claims 14 or 15 comprising: contacting a cell which produces a IGS1 polypeptide with an agonist; and determining whether the signal generated by said agonist is S. diminished in the presence of a candidate compound.

23. An antagonist identified by the method of claim 22 when used to inhibit 15 activity or expression of an IGS1 polypeptide.

24. A recombinant host cell produced by a method of claim 13 or a membrane thereof expressing an IGS1 polypeptide. ft

25. A method of creating a genetically modified non-human animal comprising the steps of: ligating the coding portion of a polynucleotide encoding a protein °e :having an amino acid sequence which has at least 80% identity with the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 or a biologically active fragment thereof to a regulatory sequence which is capable of driving high level gene expression or expression in a cell type in which the gene is not normally expressed in said animal; or engineering the coding portion of a polynucleotide encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence which has at least identity with the polypeptide of SEQ ID NO:2 or a biologically active fragment thereof and reintroducing said sequence in the genome of said animal in such a way that the endogenous gene alleles encoding a protein having the amino acid sequence which is at least 80% identical to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID Y:\Files\655335\655335_Speci(b).doc 49 NO:2 or a biologically active fragment are fully or partially inactivated.

26. The isolated polynucleotide according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of examples 1 or 2.

27. The DNA or RNA molecule according to claim 7 substantially as hereinbefore defined with reference to example 2.

28. The antibody according to claim 16 substantially as hereinbefore defined.

29. The method according to any one of claims 20 or 22 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to example 3.

30. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 1 to 6 which itself, and/or the protein encoded by said polynucleotide, plays a role in CNS disorders.

31. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 1 to 6 which 20 itself, and/or the protein encoded by said polynucleotide, plays a role in diagnosing, preventing, ameliorating or correcting CNS disorders.

32. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 30 to 31 playing a role in one or more of the following disorders: schizophrenia, Tourett's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, addiction/dependency/craving, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

33. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 30 to 31 playing a role in diagnosing, preventing, ameliorating or correcting one or more of the following disorders: schizophrenia, Tourett's syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, dyskinesias, addiction/dependency/craving, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). W:\Files\655335\655335_Speci(b).doc

34. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 30 to 33 showing expression in brain tissues.

35. The isolated polynucleotide according to claim 34 showing expression in caudate nucleus and/or putamen.

36. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 34 to showing expression in one or more of the following tissues: thalamus, substantia nigra, cerebellum, medulla, and amygdala.

37. The isolated polynucleotide according to any one of claims 30 to 36 coding for an IGS1 polypeptide having the IGS1 receptor activity. Dated: 20 June 2003 PHILLIPS ORMONDE FITZPATRICK Attorneys for: SOLVAY PHARMACEUTICALS B.V. t* *11 W:\Fies\655335\655335_Spec(b).doc