JP5998930B2 - 液晶配向処理剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
液晶配向処理剤、液晶配向膜及び液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5998930B2 JP5998930B2 JP2012519431A JP2012519431A JP5998930B2 JP 5998930 B2 JP5998930 B2 JP 5998930B2 JP 2012519431 A JP2012519431 A JP 2012519431A JP 2012519431 A JP2012519431 A JP 2012519431A JP 5998930 B2 JP5998930 B2 JP 5998930B2
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 269
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims description 101
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- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 121
- -1 diamine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 94
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- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
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- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HDOUGSFASVGDCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-3-ylmethanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CN=C1 HDOUGSFASVGDCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- LIBWSLLLJZULCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)aniline Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 LIBWSLLLJZULCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBJFYLLAMSZSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)aniline Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 KBJFYLLAMSZSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILRLVKWBBFWKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-3-triethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 ILRLVKWBBFWKTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CLYWMXVFAMGARU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-benzyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCNCC1=CC=CC=C1 CLYWMXVFAMGARU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 OBKARQMATMRWQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OLAPPGSPBNVTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C(O)=O OLAPPGSPBNVTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKBVMLGZPNDWJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=C(N)C2=C1 OKBVMLGZPNDWJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1N KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 DOBFTMLCEYUAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOGZBMRXLADNEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-diamine Chemical compound C1=C(N)C=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 GOGZBMRXLADNEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBJPJUGOYJOSLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC2=CC(N)=CC=C21 HBJPJUGOYJOSLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCN SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OURNLUUIQWKTRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane;phenol Chemical compound C1CO1.OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1 OURNLUUIQWKTRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoplatinum Chemical compound [Pt]=O MUMZUERVLWJKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound C=12C3=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=CC=1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=C1C3=CC=C2C(=O)O FVDOBFPYBSDRKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003446 platinum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)O ILVGAIQLOCKNQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCMFJIHDWDKYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 3-methoxypropanoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCOC JCMFJIHDWDKYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940032159 propylene carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116423 propylene glycol diacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- JREWFSHZWRKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CN=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O JREWFSHZWRKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVHPPQILUTTWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,3,7,9-tetracarboxylic acid Chemical compound CCC(C(O)=O)CC(C(O)=O)CCCC(C(O)=O)CCC(O)=O FVHPPQILUTTWCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1075—Partially aromatic polyimides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/06—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G73/10—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08G73/1075—Partially aromatic polyimides
- C08G73/1078—Partially aromatic polyimides wholly aromatic in the diamino moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Description
そして、これらのポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミドの内の少なくとも一方を含んで構成された液晶配向処理剤は、液晶配向膜を形成するのに好適であり、得られた液晶配向膜は、上記した本発明の目的を達成するのに極めて有効であることを見出した。上記した特定構造のジアミン化合物は、文献未掲載の新規化合物を含む。
1.下記式[1]で表わされるシクロカーボネート基が側鎖末端に存在するジアミン化合物を原料とするポリイミド前駆体及び該ポリイミド前駆体をイミド化したポリイミドからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つの重合体を含有することを特徴とする液晶配向処理剤。
4.前記塩基は、3−アミノプロピルイミダゾール及び3−ピコリルアミンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの化合物である上記3に記載の液晶配向処理剤。
5.前記ポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミドを溶解する有機溶媒を含有し、該有機溶媒が液晶配向処理剤中に5〜80質量%の貧溶媒を含有する上記1〜4の何れかに記載の液晶配向処理剤。
6.上記1〜5の何れかに記載の液晶配向処理剤から得られる液晶配向膜。
7.電極を備えた一対の基板の間に液晶層を有してなり、前記一対の基板の間に活性エネルギー線及び熱の少なくとも一方により重合する重合性化合物を含む液晶組成物を配置し、前記電極間に電圧を印加しつつ前記重合性化合物を重合させる工程を経て製造される液晶表示素子に用いられる上記6に記載の液晶配向膜。
8.上記7に記載の液晶配向膜を有する液晶表示素子。
また、本発明によれば上記液晶配向処理剤の原料である新規なジアミン化合物が提供され、また、ジアミン化合物から製造されるポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミドもが提供される。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、ジアミン成分とテトラカルボン酸二無水物との反応によって得られるポリイミド前駆体及びこのポリイミド前駆体を脱水閉環させて得られるポリイミド(本明細書では、これらを総称して特定重合体と言うことがある。)を含有する。ジアミン成分には、下記の式[2]で示されるジアミン化合物(本明細書では、特定ジアミン化合物ともいう。)が含まれることが好ましい。
式[2]で示される特定ジアミン化合物を製造する方法は特に限定されないが、好ましい方法としては、以下に示すものが挙げられる。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、ポリイミド前駆体やポリイミドが有するシクロカーボネート基の架橋反応を進行させる目的で、塩基として塩基性化合物を含有していることが好ましい。塩基性化合物の種類については、シクロカーボネート基の架橋反応を進行させるために十分な塩基性があれば特に限定されない。
これらのアミン化合物は、特定重合体の溶液に直接添加しても構わないが、適当な溶媒で濃度0.1〜10質量%、好ましくは1〜7質量%の溶液にしてから添加することが好ましい。この溶媒としては、本発明の特定重合体を溶解させる有機溶媒であれば特に限定されない。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤における、塩基性化合物の含有量は、特定重合体100質量部に対して、0.1〜100質量部であることが好ましく、ポリアミド酸やポリイミド中に含まれるカルボン酸基や水酸基と反応を促進させ、かつ液晶の配向性を低下させないために、より好ましくは0.1〜50質量部であり、特には、1〜30質量部である。
本発明において、特定重合体は、ポリイミド前駆体、及びポリイミドからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種の重合体である。
特定重合体は、下記の式[A]で示されるジアミン成分と下記の式[B]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物成分とを縮重合させることで比較的簡便に得られことから、下記の式[C]で示される繰り返し単位を有するポリアミド酸、さらには、このポリアミド酸をイミド化させたポリイミドが好ましい。
本発明のポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミドは、上記特定のジアミン化合物を含有するジアミン成分と酸二無水物成分とを用いて得られる。かかるジアミン成分は、下記式[3]で表されるジアミン化合物(本明細書では、特定側鎖型ジアミン化合物ともいう。)を含有することができる。
本発明のポリイミド前駆体は、式[2]で表される特定ジアミン化合物を用いて得ることができるが、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、上記式[3]で表される特定側鎖型ジアミン化合物とともに、その他のジアミン化合物を併用できる。かかるその他のジアミン化合物の具体例を以下に挙げる。
本発明におけるポリイミド前駆体は、ジアミン成分とテトラカルボン酸成分との反応によって得られる。以下では、テトラカルボン酸成分の具体例を挙げる。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、シクロカーボネート基を有するポリイミド前駆体及び該ポリイミド前駆体をイミド化したポリイミドの内の少なくとも一方を含有する。本発明では、ポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミドを総称して特定重合体と言うことがある。
ポリイミド前駆体は、下記の式[A]で示される構造である。
本発明の特定重合体は、下記の式[B]で示されるジアミン成分と下記の式[C]で示されるテトラカルボン酸二無水物とを原料とすることで比較的簡便に得られるという理由から、下記の式[D]で示される繰り返し単位の構造式からなるポリアミド酸または該ポリアミド酸をイミド化させたポリイミドが好ましい。
ポリアミド酸アルキルエステルを得るには、カルボン酸基をジアルキルエステル化したテトラカルボン酸とジアミン成分とを重縮合させる方法、カルボン酸基をジアルキルエステル化したテトラカルボン酸ジハライドとジアミン成分とを重縮合させる方法又はポリアミド酸のカルボキシル基をエステルに変換する方法が用いられる。
ポリイミドを得るには、前記のポリアミド酸またはポリアミド酸アルキルエステルを閉環させてポリイミドとする方法が用いられる。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、液晶配向膜を形成するための塗布液であり、液晶配向膜である樹脂被膜を形成するための樹脂成分を有機溶媒に溶解させて得られた溶液である。この樹脂成分は、上記した特定重合体から選ばれる少なくとも1種の重合体を含む。液晶配向処理剤中の樹脂成分の含有量は、1〜20質量%が好ましく、より好ましくは3〜15質量%、特に好ましくは3〜10質量%である。
より具体的には、下記の式[6−1]〜式[6−48]で示される架橋性化合物である。
本発明の液晶配向処理剤は、基板上に塗布、焼成した後、ラビング処理や光照射などで配向処理をして、液晶配向膜として用いることができる。また、垂直配向用途などの場合では配向処理なしでも液晶配向膜として用いることができる。この際に用いる基板としては、透明性の高い基板であれば特に限定されず、ガラス基板の他、アクリル基板やポリカーボネート基板などのプラスチック基板なども用いることができる。プロセスの簡素化の観点からは、液晶駆動のためのITO電極などが形成された基板を用いることが好ましい。また、反射型の液晶表示素子では、片側の基板のみにならばシリコンウェハなどの不透明な基板も使用でき、この場合の電極としてはアルミなどの光を反射する材料も使用できる。
A−1:1,2,3,4−シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物
A−2:ビシクロ[3,3,0]オクタン−2,4,6,8−テトラカルボン酸二無水物
B−1:実施例1で合成したジアミン化合物
B−2:3,5−ジアミノ安息香酸
B−3:1,3−ジアミノ−4−{4−〔トランス−4−(トランス−4−n−ペンチルシクロへキシル)シクロへキシル〕フェノキシ}ベンゼン
C−1:3アミノプロピルイミダゾール
C−2:3アミノピリジン
<有機溶媒>
NMP:N−メチル−2−ピロリドン
BCS:ブチルセロソルブ
PGMEA:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート
PGME:プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル
IPA:イソプロピルアルコール
DMSO:ジメチルスルホキシド
ポリアミド酸及びポリイミドの分子量には、昭和電工社製 常温ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)装置(GPC−101)、Shodex社製カラム(KD−803、KD−805)を用いた。測定条件は、以下の通りである。
溶離液:N,N’−ジメチルホルムアミド(添加剤:臭化リチウム−水和物(LiBr・H2O)が30mmol/L、リン酸・無水結晶(o−リン酸)が30mmol/L、テトラヒドロフラン(THF)が10ml/L)
流速:1.0ml/分
検量線作成用標準サンプル:東ソー社製 TSK 標準ポリエチレンオキサイド(分子量 約900,000、150,000、100,000、30,000)、及び、ポリマーラボラトリー社製 ポリエチレングリコール(分子量 約12,000、4,000、1,000)。
ポリイミド粉末20mgをNMRサンプル管(草野科学社製、NMRサンプリングチューブスタンダード φ5)に入れ、重水素化ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO−d6、0.05%TMS(テトラメチルシラン)混合品)0.53mlを添加し、超音波をかけて完全に溶解させた。この溶液について、日本電子データム社製NMR測定器(JNW−ECA500)を用いて500MHzのプロトンNMRを測定した。イミド化率は、イミド化前後で変化しない構造に由来するプロトンを基準プロトンとして決め、このプロトンのピーク積算値と、9.5から10.0ppm付近に現れるアミド酸のNH基に由来するプロトンピーク積算値とを用い、以下の数式(1)によって求めた。
イミド化率(%)=(1−α・x/y)×100 ・・・(1)
(ジアミン化合物の合成)
1H-NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6, δppm):9.03(1H, t), 8.87(2H, d), 5.24-5.19(1H, m), 4.67-4.57(3H, m), 4.47(1H, dd).
1H-NMR(400MHz, DMSO-d6, δppm):6.42(2H, d), 6.04(1H, t), 5.14-5.09(1H, m), 5.03(4H, br s), 4.62(1H, t), 4.50(1H, dd), 4.39-4.32(2H, m).
<ポリアミド酸の合成1>
A−2(7.86g、31.4mmol)、B−3(5.62g、12.9mmol)、B−2(1.96g、12.9mmol)、及びB−1(2.79g、11.0mmol)をNMP(57.1g)中で混合し、80℃で5時間反応させた後、A−1(1.05g、5.51mmol)とNMP(20.1g)を加え、55℃で6時間反応させて、ポリアミド酸(A)の溶液(濃度20.0質量%)を得た。このポリアミド酸(A)の数平均分子量は25,528、重量平均分子量は97,025であった。
<ポリイミドの合成1>
実施例2で得られたポリアミド酸(A)の溶液(25.0g)にNMPを加えて6質量%に希釈した後、イミド化触媒として無水酢酸(4.88g)、及びピリジン(1.51g)を加え、100℃で2時間反応させた。この反応溶液をメタノール(314g)に注ぎ、生成した沈殿物を濾別した。この沈殿物をメタノールで洗浄し、100℃で減圧乾燥して、ポリイミド(B)の粉末を得た。このポリイミド(B)のイミド化率は77%であり、数平均分子量は18,898、重量平均分子量は102,005であった。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製1>
実施例3で得られたポリイミド(B)溶液に、NMP、C−1のNMP溶液及びBCSを加え、50℃にて20時間攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−1が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<ポリアミド酸の合成2>
A−2(8.29g、33.0mmol)、B−3(5.93g、13.6mmol)、B−2(2.96g、19.4mmol)、及びB−1(1.47g、5.84mmol)をNMP(58.8g)中で混合し、80℃で5時間反応させた後、A−1(1.14g、5.81mmol)とNMP(20.3g)を加え、55℃で6時間反応させて、ポリアミド酸(C)の溶液(濃度20.0質量%)を得た。このポリアミド酸(C)の数平均分子量は24,325、重量平均分子量は82,359であった。
<ポリイミドの合成2>
実施例3と同様にして、実施例5で得られたポリアミド酸(C)の溶液(25.0g)に、NMPを加えて濃度6質量%に希釈した後、イミド化触媒として無水酢酸(5.02g)、及びピリジン(1.55g)を加え、100℃で2時間反応させた。この反応溶液をメタノール(314g)に注ぎ、生成した沈殿物を濾別した。この沈殿物をメタノールで洗浄し、100℃で減圧乾燥してポリイミド(D)の粉末を得た。このポリイミド(D)のイミド化率は77%であり、数平均分子量は20,405、重量平均分子量は82,988であった。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製2>
実施例4と同様にして、実施例6で得られたポリイミド(D)溶液にNMP、C−1のNMP溶液及びBCSを加え、50℃にて20時間攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−1が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製3>
実施例3で得られたポリイミド(B)溶液に、NMP、C−2のNMP溶液及びBCSを加え、50℃にて15時間攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−1が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製4>
実施例6で得られたポリイミド(D)溶液に、NMP、C−2のNMP溶液及びBCSを加え、50℃にて20時間攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−1が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製5>
実施例3で得られたポリイミド溶液(B)溶液に、NMP及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製6>
実施例2で得られたポリアミド酸(A)の溶液に、NMP、C−2のNMP溶液及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−2が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製7>
実施例5で得られたポリアミド酸(C)溶液に、NMP、C−2のNMP溶液及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリアミド酸(C)が6質量%、C−2が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
<液晶配向処理剤の調製8>
実施例2で得られたポリアミド酸(A)の溶液に、NMP及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
比較例1.
A−2(41.7g,166mmol)、B−3(29.7g,68.3mmol)及びB−2(19.4g、12.7mmol)をNMP(290g)中で混合し、80℃で5時間反応させた後、A−1(5.57g,28.4mmol)とNMP(93.0g)を加え、55℃で6時間反応させて、ポリアミド酸(E)の溶液(濃度20.0質量%)を得た。このポリアミド酸(E)の数平均分子量は24,513、重量平均分子量は79,705であった。
実施例3と同様にして、比較例1で得られたポリアミド酸(E)の溶液(75.0g)に、NMPを加えて6質量%に希釈した後、イミド化触媒として無水酢酸(15.55g)、及びピリジン(4.82g)を加え、100℃で2時間反応させた。この反応溶液をメタノール(946g)に注ぎ、生成した沈殿物を濾別した。この沈殿物をメタノールで洗浄し、100℃で減圧乾燥してポリイミド(F)の粉末を得た。このポリイミド(F)のイミド化率は77%であり、数平均分子量は19,377、重量平均分子量は53,171であった。
実施例4と同様にして、比較例2で得られたポリイミド(F)溶液に、NMP、C−1のNMP溶液及びBCSを加え、50℃にて20時間攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−1が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
比較例2で得られたポリイミド(F)溶液に、NMP、C−2のNMP溶液及びBCSを加え、50℃にて20時間攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−2が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
比較例2で得られたポリイミド(F)溶液に、NMP及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
比較例1で得られたポリアミド酸(E)溶液に、NMP、C−2のNMP溶液及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリイミドが6質量%、C−2が0.3質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
比較例1で得られたポリアミド酸(E)溶液に、NMP及びBCSを加えて攪拌し、ポリアミド酸(E)が6質量%、NMPが48.7質量%、BCSが45質量%になるよう調製した。細孔径1μmのメンブランフィルタで加圧濾過して液晶配向処理剤を得た。
溶剤耐性は、溶剤浸漬後の残膜率を調べることによって評価した。具体的には、液晶配向処理剤をITO電極付きガラス基板にスピンコートし、80℃のホットプレート上で5分間乾燥した後、230℃の熱風循環式オーブンで30分間焼成を行い、膜厚100nmの塗膜を形成した。この液晶配向膜付基板を23℃のNMPに1分間浸漬し、残膜率を以下の式にしたがって求めた。尚、数式(2)において、aは浸漬後の膜厚、bは浸漬前の膜厚である。
残膜率(%)=(a/b)×100 ・・・(2)
液晶配向処理剤をITO電極付きガラス基板にスピンコートし、80℃のホットプレート上で5分間乾燥させた後、230℃の熱風循環式オーブンで30分間焼成を行い、膜厚100の塗膜を形成して、液晶配向膜付き基板を得た。この液晶配向膜付き基板を2枚用意し、一方の液晶配向膜面上に6μmのスペーサを散布した後、この上からシール剤を印刷した。次いで、他方の基板と液晶配向膜面が向き合うようにして貼り合わせた後、シール剤を硬化して空セルを作製した。この空セルに減圧注入法によって、液晶MLC−6608(メルク・ジャパン社製)を注入し、注入口を封止して垂直配向の液晶セルを得た。
なお、2010年6月10日に出願された日本特許出願2010−133337号の明細書、特許請求の範囲、図面及び要約書の全内容をここに引用し、本発明の明細書の開示の一部とする。
Claims (8)
- さらに、1級アミノ基と窒素含有複素環とを分子構造中に有する塩基を含有することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の液晶配向処理剤。
- 前記塩基は、3−アミノプロピルイミダゾール及び3−ピコリルアミンからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの化合物である請求項3に記載の液晶配向処理剤。
- 前記ポリイミド前駆体及びポリイミドを溶解する有機溶媒を含有し、該有機溶媒が液晶配向処理剤中に5〜80質量%の貧溶媒を含有する請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の液晶配向処理剤。
- 請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の液晶配向処理剤から得られる液晶配向膜。
- 電極を備えた一対の基板の間に液晶層を有してなり、前記一対の基板の間に活性エネルギー線及び熱の少なくとも一方により重合する重合性化合物を含む液晶組成物を配置し、前記電極間に電圧を印加しつつ前記重合性化合物を重合させる工程を経て製造される液晶表示素子に用いられる請求項6に記載の液晶配向膜。
- 請求項7に記載の液晶配向膜を有する液晶表示素子。
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