JP5998127B2 - 潤滑油用基油の製造方法 - Google Patents
潤滑油用基油の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5998127B2 JP5998127B2 JP2013514888A JP2013514888A JP5998127B2 JP 5998127 B2 JP5998127 B2 JP 5998127B2 JP 2013514888 A JP2013514888 A JP 2013514888A JP 2013514888 A JP2013514888 A JP 2013514888A JP 5998127 B2 JP5998127 B2 JP 5998127B2
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- Prior art keywords
- oil
- hydroisomerization
- catalyst
- zeolite
- reaction
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- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 224
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 186
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 154
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 80
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 77
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 101
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 31
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 25
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 21
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 18
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
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- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 13
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 9
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000002429 nitrogen sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229940024546 aluminum hydroxide gel Drugs 0.000 description 3
- SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum;trihydroxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] SMYKVLBUSSNXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
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- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000629 steam reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000004035 Cryptotaenia japonica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YCOASTWZYJGKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[W] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[W] YCOASTWZYJGKEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBHVUTSICSHCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+](=O)N([Pt])[N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N([Pt])[N+]([O-])=O LBHVUTSICSHCFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IYPZRUYMFDWKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperazin-1-amine Chemical compound NN1CCNCC1 IYPZRUYMFDWKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Images
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
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- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/703—MRE-type, e.g. ZSM-48
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/7042—TON-type, e.g. Theta-1, ISI-1, KZ-2, NU-10 or ZSM-22
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/70—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of types characterised by their specific structure not provided for in groups B01J29/08 - B01J29/65
- B01J29/7046—MTT-type, e.g. ZSM-23, KZ-1, ISI-4 or EU-13
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/58—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins
- C10G45/60—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/64—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins characterised by the catalyst used containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
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- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural serial stages only
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G65/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only
- C10G65/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only plural parallel stages only
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Description
本実施形態では、石油由来炭化水素油及びフィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって合成される合成油を原料油として用いる。各原料油を水素の存在下で水素化異性化触媒に接触させることにより、潤滑油用基油を製造する。本実施形態に係る潤滑油用基油の製造方法は、第1の水素化異性化工程、第2の水素化異性化工程及び第3の水素化異性化工程を備える。第1の水素化異性化工程では、石油由来炭化水素油を水素化異性化触媒に接触させる。第2の水素化異性化工程では、フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって合成される合成油を第1の水素化異性化工程で用いた水素化異性化触媒に接触させる。第3の水素化異性化工程では、石油由来炭化水素油を第2の水素化異性化工程で用いた水素化異性化触媒に接触させる。
<石油由来炭化水素油>
石油由来炭化水素油は、減圧軽油(VGO:Vacuum Gas Oil)、減圧残油溶剤脱瀝油、減圧軽油水素化分解塔底油のいずれか1つの留分を含むことが好ましい。これらの留分は、水素化精製処理により硫黄分、窒素分を低減した減圧残油、水素化精製した溶剤脱瀝油、水素化精製した減圧軽油水素化分解塔底油であってもよい。なお、減圧軽油とは、原油の減圧蒸留装置から得られる留出油であり、沸点範囲が350〜550℃程度である炭化水素油である。減圧残油とは、原油の減圧蒸留装置から得られる留出油であり、沸点範囲が550℃以上である炭化水素油である。
FT合成油は、硫黄分及び芳香族炭化水素を原則含まない合成油である。よって、FT合成油を原料として用いることにより、環境への負荷の小さい潤滑油用基油を製造することができる。また、硫黄分は水素化処理用触媒や水素化異性化触媒の触媒毒であるので、硫黄分を原則含まないFT合成油を用いることにより、触媒の被毒を抑制して触媒の寿命を向上させ易くなる。しかし、FT合成油にはオレフィン及びアルコール等の含酸素化合物が含まれるため、本実施形態では、水素化精製により予めオレフィン及びアルコール等の含酸素化合物を除去したFT合成油を用いることが好ましい。
CH4+H2O→CO+3H2 (1)
CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2 (2)
(2n+1)H2+nCO→CnH2n+2+nH2O (3)
本実施形態では、第1工程又は第3工程を実施する前に、石油由来炭化水素油に対して水素化精製処理を行うことが好ましい。水素化精製処理では、水素の存在下で石油由来炭化水素油を水素化精製処理用触媒に接触させればよい。その結果、脱硫及び脱窒素等の反応が進行して、石油由来炭化水素油中の触媒毒が除去される。したがって、水素化精製処理の実施によって、水素化異性化触媒の寿命を向上させ易くなる。ただし、本実施形態では、上記第2工程の実施により、水素化異性化触媒の寿命を向上させることが可能である。したがって、本実施形態において水素化精製処理は必須ではない。なお、水素化精製処理では、水素化脱硫及び水素化脱窒等の反応に加えて、石油由来炭化水素油の水素化、石油由来炭化水素油中のワックス成分の水素化分解及び水素化異性化が進行してもよい。
第1工程、第2工程及び第3工程に用いる水素化異性化触媒は、特定の方法によって製造されることでその特徴が付与される。以下、水素化異性化触媒について、その好ましい製造の態様に沿って説明する。本実施形態によれば、特に下記の水素化異性化触媒の寿命を顕著に向上させることが可能となる。
VZ=Vc/Mz×100
R=(1−M1/M2)×100 (I)
<有機テンプレートを含有するZSM−22ゼオライトの合成>
有機テンプレートを含有し、Si/Alのモル比が45であり、結晶性アルミノシリケートからなるZSM−22ゼオライトを、以下の手順で合成した。以下では、ZSM−22ゼオライトを「ZSM−22」と記す。
溶液A: 1.94gの水酸化カリウムを6.75mLのイオン交換水に溶解したもの。
溶液B: 1.33gの硫酸アルミニウム18水塩を5mLのイオン交換水に溶解したもの。
溶液C: 4.18gの1,6−ヘキサンジアミン(有機テンプレート)を32.5mLのイオン交換水にて希釈したもの。
溶液D: 18gのコロイダルシリカを31mLのイオン交換水にて希釈したもの。コロイダルシリカとしては、Grace Davison社製Ludox AS−40を用いた。
この混合溶液に溶液Cを加えた後、室温にて激しく攪拌しながら、溶液A、B、Cの混合物を溶液Dに注入した。更に、ここへ結晶化を促進する「種結晶」として、別途合成され、合成後に何ら特別な処理が行われていないZSM−22の粉末を0.25g添加し、ゲル状物を得た。
以下の操作により、アンモニウムイオンを含む水溶液で上記ZSM−22のイオン交換処理を行った。
上記で得たNH4型ZSM−22と、バインダーであるアルミナとを質量比7:3にて混合し、ここに少量のイオン交換水を添加して混錬した。得られた粘ちょうな流体を押出成型機に充填、成型し、直径約1.6mm、長さ約10mmの円筒状の成型体を得た。この成型体を、N2雰囲気下、300℃にて3時間加熱して、担体前駆体を得た。
テトラアンミンジニトロ白金[Pt(NH3)4](NO3)2、およびテトラアンミンジニトロパラジウム[Pd(NH3)4](NO3)2を、あらかじめ測定した担体前駆体の吸水量に相当するイオン交換水に溶解して含浸溶液を得た。この溶液を、上記の担体前駆体に初期湿潤法により含浸し、ZSM−22ゼオライトの質量に対して、0.3質量部の白金を担体前駆体に担持した。次に、得られた含浸物(触媒前駆体)を60℃の乾燥中で一晩乾燥した後、空気流通下、400℃で3時間焼成して、カーボン量が0.56質量%である水素化異性化触媒E−1を得た。なお、カーボン量は酸素気流中燃焼―赤外線吸収法で測定した。測定には、堀場製作所製 EMIA−920Vを使用した。
<第1の水素化異性化工程>
石油由来炭化水素油として、反応温度350℃、水素分圧15MPa、水素/油比500Nm3/m3、液空間速度1.0h−1で水素化精製処理を行った中東産原油の減圧軽油を準備した。減圧軽油の沸点の範囲は380〜440℃であった。減圧軽油中の硫黄分の含有率は、10質量ppmであった。第1の水素化異性化工程(第1工程)では、減圧軽油を水素化異性化工程用の反応器内に導入し、反応器内で減圧軽油を上記触媒E−1に接触させた。反応器内の水素圧は、15MPaに調整した。反応器に導入する水素ガスと原料油(減圧軽油)との比率である水素/油比は、500Nm3/m3に調整した。反応器に導入する減圧軽油の液空間速度は、1.5h−1に調整した。第1工程では、減圧軽油の水素化異性化反応(異性化脱蝋)を30日間継続した。
分解率(質量%)=Ma/Mb×100 (II)
Ma:水素化異性化によって得られた生成油が含有する沸点360℃未満の留分の割合(質量%)
Mb:水素化異性化する前の原料油(石油由来炭化水素油)に含まれる沸点360℃以上の留分の割合(質量%)
第1工程後、原料油を減圧軽油からFT合成油に切り替えて、第2の水素化異性化工程(第2工程)を開始した。第2工程で用いたFT合成油の沸点の範囲は410〜540℃であった。第2工程では、FT合成油を第1工程で用いた反応器内に導入した。そして、FT合成油を第1工程で用いた上記触媒E−1に接触させた。FT合成油中の硫黄分の含有率は、1質量ppm以下であった。第2工程におけるFT合成油の水素化異性化反応の初期反応温度(時点T2における反応温度)は、335℃であった。これらの事項以外は、第1工程と同様の方法で、第2工程におけるFT合成油の水素化異性化反応(異性化脱蝋)を10日間継続した。FT合成油の水素化異性化反応の開始日(時点T2)から数えて10日目(時点T3)におけるFT合成油の水素化異性化反応の反応温度は327℃であった。
第2工程後、原料油をFT合成油から減圧軽油に切り替えて、第3の水素化異性化工程(第3工程)を開始した。第3工程の原料油である減圧軽油としては、第1工程と同じものを用いた。第3工程では、減圧軽油を第2工程で用いた反応器内に導入した。そして、減圧軽油を第2工程で用いた上記触媒E−1に接触させた。第3工程における減圧軽油の水素化異性化反応の初期反応温度(時点T3における反応温度)は、327℃であった。
実施例2の第1工程では、減圧軽油の水素化異性化反応(異性化脱蝋)を10日間継続した。このこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例2の第1工程、第2工程及び第3工程を実施した。
実施例3の第1工程では、減圧軽油の水素化異性化反応(異性化脱蝋)を10日間継続した。実施例3の第2工程では、FT合成油の水素化異性化反応(異性化脱蝋)を3日間継続した。これらのこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例3の第1工程、第2工程及び第3工程を実施した。
比較例1では、第2工程及び第3工程を実施しなかった。
比較例2では、第2工程及び第3工程を実施しなかった。
比較例3では、第2工程及び第3工程を実施しなかった。
Claims (4)
- 石油由来炭化水素油を水素化異性化触媒に接触させる第1の水素化異性化工程と、
フィッシャー・トロプシュ反応によって合成される合成油を前記第1の水素化異性化工程で用いた前記水素化異性化触媒に接触させる第2の水素化異性化工程と、
石油由来炭化水素油を前記第2の水素化異性化工程で用いた前記水素化異性化触媒に接触させる第3の水素化異性化工程と、
を備える、
潤滑油用基油の製造方法。 - 前記水素化異性化触媒はゼオライトを含有し、
前記ゼオライトは、有機テンプレートを含有し、10員環を含む一次元状細孔構造を有する、
請求項1に記載の潤滑油用基油の製造方法。 - 前記ゼオライトが、ZSM−22ゼオライト、ZSM−23ゼオライト、SSZ−32ゼオライト及びZSM−48ゼオライトからなる群より選択される少なくとも一種である、
請求項2に記載の潤滑油用基油の製造方法。 - 前記第2の水素化異性化工程の実施時間が1日以上である、
請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の潤滑油用基油の製造方法。
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