JP5980951B2 - 冷凍機用作動流体組成物 - Google Patents
冷凍機用作動流体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[1](A)ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールプロパン及びペンタエリスリトールから選ばれる少なくとも1種の多価アルコールと、炭素数6〜12の多塩基酸と、炭素数4〜18の一価アルコール又は炭素数が4〜18の一価脂肪酸とから合成されるコンプレックスエステル、並びに、(B)ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール及びジペンタエリスリトールから選ばれる少なくとも1種の多価アルコールと、炭素数4〜18の一価脂肪酸とから合成されるポリオールエステルを、前記(A)コンプレックスエステル/前記(B)ポリオールエステルの質量比5/95〜95/5で混合した混合エステルを基油として含有する冷凍機油と、
冷媒としてジフルオロメタンと、を含有し、
温度80℃、絶対圧力2.1MPaにおける冷媒溶解粘度が5.5mm2/s以上である、冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
[2]前記(A)コンプレックスエステルを構成する前記多価アルコールがネオペンチルグリコール及び/又はトリメチロールプロパンである、[1]に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
[3]前記(A)コンプレックスエステルを構成する多塩基酸がアジピン酸及び/又はセバシン酸である、[1]又は[2]に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
[4]前記(A)コンプレックスエステルを構成する前記一価アルコールが炭素数8〜10のアルコールである、[1]〜[3]のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
[5]前記(B)ポリオールエステルが、ネオペンチルグリコール及び/又はペンタエリスリトールと、炭素数4〜9の一価脂肪酸とから合成されるエステルである、[1]〜[4]のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
[6]前記(B)ポリオールエステルが、ペンタエリスリトールと、炭素数4の分岐脂肪酸及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合酸とから合成されるエステルである、[1]〜[5]のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
本実施形態に係る冷凍機用作動流体組成物の温度80℃、絶対圧力2.1MPaにおける冷媒溶解粘度は、5.5mm2/s以上であり、好ましくは6.0mm2/s以上である。また、本実施形態に係る冷凍機用作動流体組成物の温度80℃、絶対圧力2.1MPaにおける冷媒溶解粘度は、10.0mm2/s以下とすることができる。
実施例1〜12および比較例1〜5においては、まず、次に示す基材を用いて表1〜3に示す組成を有する基油を調製した。
[A]コンプレックスエステル
(A−1)トリメチロールプロパン(1モル)にアジピン酸(2.4モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらに2−エチルヘキサノール(2.0モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度68.8mm2/s、粘度指数120)。
(A−2)ネオペンチルグリコール(1モル)にアジピン酸(0.8モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらに3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸(0.5モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度71.5mm2/s、粘度指数114)。
(A−3)トリメチロールプロパン(1モル)と1,3−ブタンジオール(0.2モル)にセバシン酸(2.4モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらにノルマルヘプタノール(1.6モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度77.3mm2/s、粘度指数148)。
(A−4)ネオペンチルグリコール(1モル)と1,4−ブタンジオール(0.3モル)にアジピン酸(2.4モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらに2−エチルヘキサノール(2.4モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度68.2mm2/s、粘度指数144)。
(A−5)ネオペンチルグリコール(1モル)と1,4−ブタンジオール(0.4モル)にアジピン酸(3.1モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらに3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノール(3.5モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度32.2mm2/s、粘度指数161)。
(A−6)ネオペンチルグリコール(1モル)と1,4−ブタンジオール(0.3モル)にアジピン酸(2.4モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらに3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノール(2.5モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度67.8mm2/s、粘度指数145)。
(A−7)ネオペンチルグリコール(1モル)と1,4−ブタンジオール(0.2モル)にアジピン酸(1.9モル)を反応させたエステル中間体に、さらに3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサノール(1.0モル)を反応させ、残存した未反応物を蒸留で除去して得たエステル(40℃における動粘度150.0mm2/s、粘度指数138)。
[B]ポリオールエステル
(B−1)ネオペンチルグリコールと、2−エチルヘキサン酸のエステル(40℃における動粘度8.3mm2/s、粘度指数56)。
(B−2)ペンタエリスリトールと、2−メチルプロパン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸がモル比で35:65の混合酸とのエステル(40℃における動粘度69.4mm2/s、粘度指数95)。
(B−3)ペンタエリスリトールと、2−メチルプロパン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸がモル比で60:40の混合酸とのエステル(40℃における動粘度46.0mm2/s、粘度指数78)。
(B−4)ペンタエリスリトールと、2−エチルヘキサン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸がモル比で45:55の混合酸とのエステル(40℃における動粘度70.1mm2/s、粘度指数90)。
(B−5)ペンタエリスリトールと、ノルマルペンタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸がモル比で80:20の混合酸とのエステル(40℃における動粘度23.4mm2/s、粘度指数118)。
(B−6)ペンタエリスリトールと、ノルマルペンタン酸と3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸がモル比で40:60の混合酸とのエステル(40℃における動粘度51.0mm2/s、粘度指数105)。
これらの基油のうち[A]、[B]のエステルの合成反応は触媒、溶剤を使用せずに行い、最終工程で吸着処理(白土処理)による微量の不純物除去を行った。なお、動粘度及び粘度指数はJIS K2283に準拠し測定、計算した。
振動式粘度計を入れた200mlの耐圧容器に冷凍機油100gを入れ、容器内を真空脱気した後、R32冷媒を入れて作動流体組成物を調製し、温度80℃、絶対圧力2.1MPaの条件に冷媒の圧力と耐圧容器の温度を調整して、粘度測定を行った。得られた結果を表1〜3に示す。
潤滑性試験には実コンプレッサと類似の冷媒雰囲気にできる、神鋼造機(株)製の高圧雰囲気摩擦試験機(回転ベーン材と固定ディスク材との回転しゅう動方式)を用いた。試験条件は、油量:600ml、試験温度:110℃、回転数:500rpm、負荷荷重:80kgf、試験時間:1時間で、ベーン材としてはSKH−51、ディスク材としてはFC250を用いた。試験条件は、冷媒にR32を使用し、試験容器内圧力は3.1MPaとした。耐摩耗の評価は、ディスク材の摩耗量が極めて少ないことから、ベーン材の摩耗深さによって行った。得られた結果を表1〜3に示す。
Claims (6)
- (A)ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールプロパン及びペンタエリスリトールから選ばれる少なくとも1種の多価アルコールと、炭素数6〜12の多塩基酸と、炭素数4〜18の一価アルコール又は炭素数が4〜18の一価脂肪酸とから合成されるコンプレックスエステル、並びに、(B)ネオペンチルグリコール、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール及びジペンタエリスリトールから選ばれる少なくとも1種の多価アルコールと、炭素数4〜18の一価脂肪酸とから合成されるポリオールエステルを、前記(A)コンプレックスエステル/前記(B)ポリオールエステルの質量比5/95〜95/5で混合した混合エステルを基油として含有する冷凍機油と、
冷媒としてジフルオロメタンと、を含有し、
温度80℃、絶対圧力2.1MPaにおける冷媒溶解粘度が5.5mm2/s以上である、冷凍機用作動流体組成物。 - 前記(A)コンプレックスエステルを構成する前記多価アルコールがネオペンチルグリコール及び/又はトリメチロールプロパンである、請求項1に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記(A)コンプレックスエステルを構成する多塩基酸がアジピン酸及び/又はセバシン酸である、請求項1又は2に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記(A)コンプレックスエステルを構成する前記一価アルコールが炭素数8〜10のアルコールである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記(B)ポリオールエステルが、ネオペンチルグリコール及び/又はペンタエリスリトールと、炭素数4〜9の一価脂肪酸とから合成されるエステルである、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
- 前記(B)ポリオールエステルが、ペンタエリスリトールと、炭素数4の分岐脂肪酸及び3,5,5−トリメチルヘキサン酸の混合酸とから合成されるエステルである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍機用作動流体組成物。
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